How European Settlement Happened in the Deep South
Summary
TLDRThis script explores the establishment of the Deep South colonies in North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia. It highlights the impact of England's civil war on colonization, the Restoration period under Charles II, and the division of Carolina into North and South due to social and political differences. The script also discusses the founding of Georgia by James Oglethorpe in 1733 as a buffer colony, its role as a haven for debtors, and the challenges it faced due to climate and Spanish threat.
Takeaways
- π° The Deep South refers to the southernmost region of the United States, including North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia.
- π English colonization of the Deep South was delayed due to a civil war in England, which lasted for about 30 years.
- βοΈ Oliver Cromwell led a rebellion that resulted in the execution of King Charles I, and he ruled England from 1649 to 1660.
- π Charles II, son of Charles I, came to power in 1660, marking the Restoration Period and the resumption of colonization efforts.
- πΎ The Carolina colony was initially a single entity founded in 1670, known for its rice cultivation and significant slave trade.
- π The Carolina colony split into North and South Carolina due to social and economic differences, with North Carolina becoming a haven for outcasts and squatters.
- ποΈ Charleston, originally known as Charles Town, emerged as a major seaport in the South due to its economic activities.
- π° The Georgia colony was established in 1733 by James Oglethorpe to serve as a buffer between the Protestants of South Carolina and the Catholics of the Spanish Empire.
- π« Initially, Georgia prohibited slavery and was a refuge for debtors, reflecting Oglethorpe's vision of a safe haven for those in debt.
- π‘οΈ The Georgia colony was the least populous due to its humid climate, slow growth, and the restrictions on slavery that were later lifted.
Q & A
What is the significance of the 'deep south' in the context of European settlement?
-The 'deep south' refers to the southernmost region of the original Thirteen Colonies, specifically North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia. It was settled later than other colonies primarily due to the disruption caused by the English Civil War.
Why was colonization disrupted for about 30 years in England?
-Colonization was disrupted due to the English Civil War, which led to the beheading of King Charles I in 1649 by Oliver Cromwell, who then ruled England until 1658. This period halted colonization efforts.
What is the Restoration Period, and when did it occur?
-The Restoration Period refers to the time when Charles II, son of the beheaded King Charles I, came to power in 1660, marking the resumption of colonization efforts in England after a 30-year hiatus.
Who founded the Carolina Colony and in what year?
-The Carolina Colony was founded in 1670 by eight friends of the King of England, known as the Lords Proprietors.
What was the economic focus of the Carolina Colony, and how did it relate to slavery?
-The Carolina Colony focused on growing rice and had a significant slave trade with the West Indies, involving the enslavement and mistreatment of indigenous people.
Why did the Carolina Colony eventually split into North and South Carolina?
-The split occurred due to social and economic differences between the aristocratic southern part and the northern part, which was inhabited by outcasts and squatters who wanted to live independently from the aristocracy.
What was the role of the Protestant First Families of Virginia in the context of the Carolina Colony?
-The Protestant First Families of Virginia, an elite land aristocracy, controlled much of Virginia's land and government. The outcasts who moved to the northern part of Carolina were in contrast to these families, often lacking in religion and being more hospitable to pirates.
When and by whom was the Georgia Colony founded, and what was its initial purpose?
-The Georgia Colony was founded in 1733 by James Oglethorpe. Its initial purpose was to serve as a buffer between the Protestants of South Carolina and the Catholics of the Spanish Empire.
What were the unique characteristics of the Georgia Colony in terms of religion and slavery?
-The Georgia Colony was a melting pot of Protestant Christian religions, with the exception of Catholicism, and early on, it did not allow slavery. It was also intended to be a safe haven for debtors.
Why was the Georgia Colony the least populous and slowest growing among the colonies?
-The Georgia Colony was the least populous and slowest growing due to its humid climate, restrictions on slavery, and the perceived threat from the Spanish Empire, making it less attractive for settlers.
Outlines
π° European Settlement in the Deep South
This paragraph discusses the late settlement of the Deep South, which includes North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia. The colonization was delayed due to the English Civil War, which lasted for about 30 years after King Charles I was beheaded in 1649. Oliver Cromwell took power and ruled until 1660, when Charles II restored the monarchy and colonization resumed, marking the Restoration Period. The Carolina colony was established in 1670 by eight friends of King Charles II, initially as one entity before splitting into North and South Carolina. The colony was known for its rice production and significant slave trade with the West Indies. The division of the Carolina colony was influenced by the differences between the aristocrats and the outcasts, who eventually settled in the northern parts, leading to the formation of distinct colonies.
ποΈ Division of Carolina and Formation of Georgia
The second paragraph delves into the reasons behind the division of the Carolina colony into North and South Carolina in 1712. The aristocrats of Virginia and the southern part of the Carolina colony wanted to distance themselves from the outcasts and squatters in the northern part, who were known for their lack of religion, hospitality to pirates, and resistance to authority. The FFVs (First Families of Virginia), including the Fitz Hughes and Washingtons, were an elite land aristocracy that controlled Virginia's land and government. The division allowed the aristocrats to maintain their plantation lifestyle while the outcasts could live freely in North Carolina. The Georgia colony was established in 1733 by James Oglethorpe as a buffer between the Protestants of South Carolina and the Catholics of the Spanish Empire. It was intended to be a safe haven for debtors and initially had a policy against slavery. The colony was a melting pot of various Protestant groups and was known for its humid climate and slow population growth.
π€οΈ Climate and Demographics of Georgia Colony
The final paragraph addresses the challenges and demographics of the Georgia colony. It was the least populous of the colonies due to its humid climate, which made it difficult to live in, especially during the summer. The restrictions on slavery and the threat from the Spanish Empire also deterred people from settling there. However, the colony served as a safe haven for debtors, as it was not overcrowded and offered freedom from debt-related imprisonment. The paragraph concludes with a brief mention of the modern-day states that make up the area of the former Georgia colony.
Mindmap
Keywords
π‘European settlement
π‘Deep South
π‘Restoration Period
π‘Carolina Colony
π‘Charles Town
π‘Aristocrats
π‘Outcasts
π‘Squatters
π‘First Families of Virginia (FFVs)
π‘Georgia Colony
π‘Debt
Highlights
European settlement in the Deep South, specifically North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia, happened later than other colonies due to a civil war in England.
The English Civil War, which began in 1649 with the beheading of King Charles I and the rise of Oliver Cromwell, halted colonization for about 30 years.
Colonization resumed in 1660 during the Restoration period when Charles II, son of the beheaded Charles I, ascended to the throne.
Carolina was originally one large colony, founded in 1670 by eight friends of the King of England at Charles Town, now known as Charleston.
Charleston became the busiest seaport in the South, with a significant slave trade with the West Indies.
Carolina eventually split into North and South Carolina in 1712 due to differences between the aristocrats and lower-class settlers.
The division was driven by social tensions between the wealthy aristocrats in Virginia and the outcasts and squatters who settled in the northern part of Carolina.
The First Families of Virginia (FFVs) were an elite land aristocracy, including the Washingtons, who controlled much of Virginia's land and government.
Outcasts and squatters in northern Carolina were known for lacking religion, being hospitable to pirates, and resisting authority.
The Georgia Colony, founded in 1733 by James Oglethorpe, was intended to serve as a buffer between the Protestant South Carolina elite and the Catholic Spanish Empire.
Georgia was a melting pot community with German Lutherans, Scottish Highlanders, and other Protestant groups, where all Christian religions except Catholicism were tolerated.
Slavery was initially illegal in Georgia, and it was a safe haven for debtors.
Georgia was the least populous of the colonies, growing slowly due to its humid climate and the Spanish threat.
The restrictions on slavery in Georgia eventually changed, but the colony remained a less desirable location for settlement.
James Oglethorpe, regarded as one of the most generous people of his time, established Georgia with a focus on providing safety for debtors.
Transcripts
okay this is how European settlement
happened in the deep south the last of
the settlement tutorials that were
taking a look at and as you can tell by
the name when we talk about the deep
south we're talking about the color
purple or whatever color you want to
call that which would be right down here
the deep south being North Carolina
South Carolina and the final colony to
take place or come into existence
Georgia
now the deep south actually settled its
territory quite a bit later than a lot
of the other colonies were settled
primarily because a civil war in England
had disrupted colonization for about 30
years what had happened was that King
Charles had been beheaded by his people
who were led in rebellion by Oliver
Cromwell in
1649 now as a result of the beheading of
King Charles and the fact that Oliver
Cromwell led the rebellion well in 1649
when Charles was beheaded oliver
cromwell became became the king of
england and ruled there for ten years
from 1649 to sixteen
which led to charles ii who was the son
of the beheaded charles the first
coming to power in 1660 now at that
point
there was no real colonization going on
they were so messed up with all the
civil war issues that they had happening
that essentially colonisation came to a
dead stop but colonization would be
restored at the point of charles ii
taking power in 1660 and that is known
underlying this in your outline very
important for AP US history this is
known as the restoration period and
again it's when charles ii the son of
the beheaded king charles the first came
to power in 1660 with oliver cromwell
ruling for 10 years in between
so after decades essentially through 30
years three solid decades of really no
colonization because of the civil or
issues
colonization is restored in 1660 and
that's what the restoration period means
that they're going to start colonizing
again so that takes us to
Colony of Carolina back then it wasn't
North Carolina and South Carolina it was
just simply one big colony called
Carolina founded in 1670 by eight
friends of the King of England at
Charles Town back then it was two
separate words Charles Town today we
simply refer to it as Charleston there
they grew rice they had big slave trade
with the or had a big slave trade with
the West Indies the Caribbean in other
words and they enslaved and tortured
Indians Charlestown once again now known
as Charleston would eventually become
the busiest seaport in the south
okay now if you take a look here this is
what the Carolina colony looked like
before it eventually split into North
and South Carolina and the reason for
the split was frankly pretty easy to
understand
and eventually now I guess I'll put it
to you this way in this region of the
Carolina colony in the South part we're
a series of aristocrats people who had
wealthy homes a lot of land a minority
land owning and ruling class up here in
Virginia you had the same but you also
had groups of people in both regions who
really didn't belong in that class they
were not considered upper-class they
were not considered educated they were
not considered
aristocratic so you know things would
eventually change
and you'd see Carolina eventually
divided up into North and South but
before we get to that point let's let's
take a look at this here's what you
eventually have you have the aristocrats
from Virginia and you have outcasts
living there who didn't belong in that
class and frankly the outcasts were
getting kind of sick of the aristocrats
of Virginia so this lower class of
people was moving down here and getting
away from the Virginia Colony they
settled in the northern parts of
Carolina and wanted to just live lives
free the way they wanted to live them
also in the northern parts of California
were squatters people who were just
living there before it had even become a
colony well when it did become a colony
they were told that they had to get out
but they really didn't want to get out
and as a result they stayed even though
they had no legal right to the property
the aristocrats of the week of the
region just referred to them as riffraff
and the aristocrats of the southern part
of the Carolina colony viewed them in
the same way but where did that leave
the outcasts that were and the squatters
that were in the northern part of the
Carolina colony
well they were perfectly content being
there because they did not like the
aristocratic families of Virginia now
here's something that's mentioned a lot
on the AP US history tests you're gonna
want to underline this and be aware of
it the FF vs in other words the
Protestant first families of Virginia
now among these first families in
Virginia where the Fitz Hughes Belize
and another family you might have heard
of the Washington's George Washington
was a descendant of the first families
of Virginia they were an elite land
aristocracy that controlled most of
Virginia's land and government now the
outcasts who had left Virginia and moved
into the northern part of Carolina had a
reputation for lacking religion so they
didn't really like the ffs fvs in their
protestant ways they also had a
reputation for being hospitable to
pirates and a reputation for resisting
Authority they were kind of a rowdy
bunch
what essentially came down to is that
the aristocratic FF v's of Virginia and
the
aristocratic families of the southern
part of the Carolina colony wanted
nothing to do with the squatters and the
outcasts that had moved into this region
these people were hard drinking
law-abiding borderline criminals and the
upper-class aristocrats here and the
upper crass upper-class aristocrats here
didn't really want them in their
territory but there they were sandwiched
right in between the two of them so
since they wanted nothing to do with
them and they wanted nothing to do with
them they decided to divide the
Carolina colony into two and in 1712
officially the Carolina colony was
divided into North Carolina and South
Carolina
now initially North Carolina the
Carolina colony was around 1663 but the
division would happen in 1712 and that
way everybody had what they wanted the
aristocrats of Virginia could live the
way they wanted to live with slaves on
big plantations and so could the
aristocrats of South Carolina and the
rowdy bunch could have their own free
Stalin II and free territory in between
the two of them everybody stayed away
from each other and everybody was happy
okay so that's pretty simple in terms of
how North Carolina and South Carolina
came to be the formation of the Georgia
colony is also fairly simple
founded in 1733 by James Oglethorpe the
Georgia Colony was meant to be a buffer
between two distinct groups
the Protestants of South Carolina that
elite ruling class that we were talking
about before and
the Catholics of the Spanish Empire down
here the government didn't want any
problems between those two groups
because as you can remember the
Protestants and the Catholics have not
had the best history and so Georgia was
intended to be a buffer between those
two groups and it did a good job
it had Savannah as its main seaport and
it was a melting pot community of German
Lutheran's and Scottish Highlanders
among others all Protestants but all
Christian religions except Catholic were
tolerated there and early on slavery was
illegal
it was also the home
all Christian religions except for
Catholic were tolerated there and early
on slavery was illegal it was also the
home to many debtors which was a goal of
Olga Forbes when this colony was formed
the only condition he had was that it be
a safe haven for people who owed debt to
the government or debt to anyone else to
be able to come and experience freedom
now why was that such a big deal well
back then if you owe debts to anybody
else or debts to the government you
could be put in prison for that and
Oglethorpe said I'll only do I'll only
form this colony and I'll only act as a
buffer between the 13 colonies in Spain
or the Spanish Empire if I can have it
as a home to debtors to find safety
there oma Thorpe was generally regarded
as one of the most generous people of
his time
but for the most part most people didn't
really want to go to Georgia it was the
least populous of the colonies and grew
very slowly primarily due to the climate
I mean if you've ever been down there
especially in the summertime the Georgia
colony which is now made up of the
states of Mississippi
Alabama and of course Georgia the colony
itself was extremely humid and difficult
to live in anywhere down there is in the
summertime I mean you're sweating all
the time they also didn't really want to
move down there because of the
restrictions on slavery that would
eventually change of course in Georgia
and they didn't want to be there because
of the Spanish threat that was lingering
right down here so it wasn't like
everybody wanted to move to Georgia
but that made it a pretty good place for
the people who were there wasn't
overcrowded and it was a safe haven for
debtors but outside of that not many
people wanted to go there okay that's it
thanks for listening
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