Scapula

Summary

In this educational video, Dr. Morton, a noted anatomist, explores the scapula, also known as the shoulder blade. He covers its primary bony landmarks, including the medial and lateral borders, the subscapular fossa, acromion, spine, and coracoid process. The video explains the significance of these features, such as the acromioclavicular joint's role in arm mobility and muscle attachments. Dr. Morton also highlights the importance of understanding these landmarks for comprehending muscle names and functions, making it an informative resource for students of anatomy.

Takeaways

• 📌 The scapula, also known as the shoulder blade, is a flat and irregularly shaped bone that resembles a shovel.
• 🔍 The medial border of the scapula is also called the vertebral border, being the side closest to the vertical column of the body.
• 📍 The lateral border of the scapula is near the armpit and is referred to as the axillary border.
• 🏞️ The subscapular fossa is a shallow concave surface on the deep surface of the scapula, adjacent to the ribs, and is also known as the costal surface.
• 🏛️ The acromion is the highest point of the shoulder, analogous to the Acropolis in Athens, Greece, and forms the acromioclavicular joint with the clavicle.
• ⛰ The spine of the scapula is a ridge-like structure on the posterior part of the scapula, with the trapezius and deltoid muscles attaching to it.
• 🏋️‍♂️ The supraspinous and infraspinous fossae are shallow concave surfaces located above and below the spine of the scapula, respectively.
• 🤸‍♀️ The glenoid cavity, or glenoid fossa, is a shallow smooth structure on the side of the scapula that forms a ball-and-socket joint with the head of the humerus.
• 🦅 The coracoid process is a beak-like projection on the anterior surface of the scapula, important for muscle attachment.
• 🧍‍♂️ The scapula's bony landmarks are crucial for understanding muscle attachments and movements of the shoulder.

Q & A

What is the scapula also known as?

The scapula is also known as the shoulder blade.

What are the two borders of the scapula mentioned in the script?

The two borders of the scapula mentioned are the medial border (also called the vertebral border) and the lateral border (also called the axillary border).

What is the term for the shallow concave surface on the deep surface of the scapula?

The term for the shallow concave surface on the deep surface of the scapula is the subscapular fossa.

What does the prefix 'sub' mean in the context of 'subscapular fossa'?

The prefix 'sub' means deep, as in a submarine going deep into the water, hence 'subscapular fossa' refers to the deep surface of the scapula.

What is the highest point of the shoulder called?

The highest point of the shoulder is called the acromion, derived from the Greek word 'akron' meaning highest or summit.

What joint is formed between the acromion and the clavicle?

The joint formed between the acromion and the clavicle is called the acromioclavicular joint, often abbreviated as the AC joint.

What is the significance of the acromioclavicular joint in terms of arm movement?

The acromioclavicular joint is significant because it allows for the movement of the arm up and down, providing the necessary mobility.

What is the term for the spiny-like structure along the back of the scapula?

The term for the spiny-like structure along the back of the scapula is the spine of the scapula.

What muscles are associated with the supraspinous and infraspinous fossae?

The supraspinatus muscle is associated with the supraspinous fossa, and the infraspinatus muscle is associated with the infraspinous fossa.

What is the term for the socket on the side of the scapula that articulates with the head of the humerus?

The term for the socket on the side of the scapula that articulates with the head of the humerus is the glenoid cavity, also referred to as the glenoid fossa.

What is the term for the bony prominence above the glenoid cavity?

The term for the bony prominence above the glenoid cavity is the supraglenoid tubercle.

What is the term for the bony prominence below the glenoid cavity?

The term for the bony prominence below the glenoid cavity is the infraglenioid tubercle.

What is the term for the bony landmark that looks like a raven's beak?

The term for the bony landmark that looks like a raven's beak is the coracoid process.

What is the term for the notch on the top of the scapula?

The term for the notch on the top of the scapula is the suprascapular notch.