Praktikum Geokimia: Teknik Penanganan Sampel Air

Summary

This script outlines the essential steps for geochemical water sampling, including selecting a sampling location, collecting, filtering, and preserving the sample. It details the necessary equipment and materials, such as pH paper, beakers, and various bottles, along with safety gear and a hannameter for measurements. The process involves rinsing equipment, observing physical and chemical properties, and recording data like pH, EC, and TDS. Special preservation methods are highlighted for different analyses, emphasizing the importance of safety and accurate data collection for geochemical studies.

Takeaways

• 📍 Geochemical water sampling involves three main steps: choosing the location, collecting the sample, and filtering and preserving it.
• 🧰 Preparation of equipment and materials is essential before field observation and sample collection.
• 🔬 Necessary equipment includes universal pH paper, beaker glass, glass bottles, isotope bottles, HDPE bottles, filters, syringes, and a water dipper.
• 🧴 Materials needed for the process are Aquadest, Zn acetate 2 M, and nitric or hydrochloric acid.
• 🌡 The hannameter instrument is used for measuring pH, temperature, electrical conductivity (EC), and total dissolved solids (TDS).
• 📊 The physical properties of water, such as color, odor, and EC, are observed directly, while pH and TDS are measured using the hannameter.
• 💧 Water sampling should be conducted carefully to avoid contamination, preferably in flowing water to prevent sediment collection.
• 🌡️ Temperature is an important physical property to note during the sampling process, as it can affect water quality.
• 🚰 All equipment must be rinsed with the water sample at least three times to ensure no contaminants alter the analysis.
• 🔒 Proper preservation methods are crucial for different types of analysis, such as adding strong acid for cation analysis or Zn acetate for sulfide analysis.
• 🏥 The samples must be transported to the laboratory quickly in a cooler box to maintain their integrity for analysis.

Q & A

What are the general steps involved in collecting a water sample for geochemical analysis?

The general steps involved in collecting a water sample for geochemical analysis are choosing the sampling location, collecting the water sample, and filtering and preserving the water sample.

What is the first preparatory action required before conducting field observation and sample collection?

The first preparatory action is to prepare the necessary equipment and materials for water sampling.

List the equipment needed to collect a water sample as mentioned in the script.

The equipment needed includes universal pH paper, beaker glass, glass bottle with a rubber seal, isotope bottle, HDPE bottle, filter, syringe, and water dipper.

What materials are required along with the equipment for water sampling?

The materials required are Aquadest, Zn acetate 2 M, nitric acid or hydrochloric acid.

What are the supporting equipment and materials mentioned for safety and measurement purposes?

Supporting equipment and materials include latex gloves, a mask, and a hannameter instrument.

Can you describe the specific sampling location mentioned in the script?

The sampling location is at coordinate 49M 430567 E 914162 S with an elevation of 117 meters above sea level, located in Code River, Sendowo, Sinduadi Village, Mlati District, Sleman Regency, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, 500 meters to the southwest of the Geological Engineering Department, Gadjah Mada University.

When was the water sampling conducted, and what was the weather condition on that day?

The water sampling was conducted on Thursday, 22 October 2020, with the weather being partly cloudy and a temperature of 28 degrees Celsius.

How should the water dipper be prepared before collecting the water sample?

The water dipper should be rinsed using the water sample for three times to ensure no contaminants are present that could alter the analysis results.

What are the physical and chemical properties that need to be observed and measured during water sampling?

The physical properties include temperature, color, odor, and electrical conductivity (EC). The chemical properties include pH and total dissolved solids (TDS).

How is the pH, electrical conductivity, and TDS measured using the hannameter instrument?

The hannameter instrument is arranged, ensuring the sensor cap does not dry out. The sensor is inserted into the water sample, and the readings for pH, EC, and TDS are recorded.

What preservation methods are used for different types of water sample analysis?

For anion analysis, no preservation is needed. For cation analysis, a strong acid is added until the pH is less than 2. For sulfide analysis, 1 drop of Zn acetate 2 M is added for every 25 ml of sample.

How should the filtered water sample be stored before being brought to the laboratory?

The filtered water sample should be put into isotope bottles and HDPE bottles, and then placed into a cooler box to maintain its condition before being transported to the laboratory.

What is the purpose of preserving a backup sample in a glass bottle with a rubber seal?

The backup sample in a glass bottle sealed with a rubber seal is kept for future reference or in case the primary samples are compromised or additional tests are needed.

Outlines

00:00

🔬 Geochemical Water Sampling Process

This paragraph outlines the essential steps for collecting water samples for geochemical analysis, which include choosing the sampling location, collecting the sample, and filtering and preserving it. It emphasizes the importance of preparing necessary equipment and materials such as pH paper, beaker glass, glass and isotope bottles, filters, and syringes, as well as chemicals like Aquadest, Zn acetate, and acids for preservation. The script also details the sampling location with specific coordinates and describes the environmental conditions during sampling. Safety precautions and the method of collecting the sample to avoid contamination are highlighted. Furthermore, it explains how to observe and measure the physical and chemical properties of water, including temperature, color, odor, pH, EC, and TDS, using a hannameter instrument.

05:06

🧪 Recording and Preserving Water Samples

The second paragraph focuses on the procedures following the collection of water samples, specifically recording the sample's pH, EC, temperature, and TDS using a hannameter. It describes the filtration process using a syringe and filter, and the subsequent preservation of samples in isotope and HDPE bottles. Different preservation methods are mentioned depending on the type of analysis, such as adding strong acids for cation analysis or Zn acetate for sulfide analysis. The importance of promptly transporting the samples to the laboratory in a cooler box is stressed, and the paragraph concludes with instructions for storing backup samples in a glass bottle sealed with a rubber seal.

Keywords

💡Geochemical Water Sampling

Geochemical water sampling refers to the process of collecting water samples for analysis to determine their chemical composition. This is crucial for understanding the water's properties and potential environmental impacts. In the video's context, it is the main activity being described, involving specific steps and equipment to ensure accurate and reliable data collection.

💡Universal pH paper

Universal pH paper is a type of paper that is impregnated with a blend of indicators and used to measure the pH level of a solution. It is a simple and quick method for determining whether a solution is acidic or basic. In the script, it is listed as one of the necessary equipment for water sampling, indicating its importance in assessing the water's acidity or alkalinity.

💡Beaker glass

A beaker glass is a piece of laboratory equipment commonly used for holding, mixing, and heating liquids. It is often made of glass and has a wide mouth and a flat bottom. In the script, the beaker glass is used to collect and measure the water sample's physical and chemical properties, such as pH, temperature, and electrical conductivity.

💡Filtering

Filtering is the process of removing solid particles from a fluid by passing it through a filter. In the context of the video, filtering the water sample is an essential step to ensure that the analysis is not affected by the presence of sediment or other suspended particles. The script describes using a syringe and filter to perform this task.

💡Preserving

Preserving a water sample involves treating it in a way that maintains its chemical integrity until it can be analyzed. This is important because some substances in the water can change over time. The script mentions adding strong acids to lower the pH for cation analysis and using Zn acetate for sulfide analysis as methods of preservation.

💡Hannameter

A hannameter is a type of portable pH meter that is used to measure the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. It is named after its inventor, Dr. Hann. In the script, the hannameter is used to measure the pH, temperature, electrical conductivity, and total dissolved solids of the water sample, providing key data for the geochemical analysis.

💡Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)

Total dissolved solids (TDS) is a measure of the total amount of dissolved substances in a given volume of water. It includes all organic and inorganic substances, both beneficial and harmful. In the script, TDS is measured using the hannameter to assess the water's purity and potential health risks.

💡Isotope bottle

An isotope bottle is a specialized container used for storing samples that may be radioactive or require a high level of containment. In the script, the filtered water sample is placed into an isotope bottle, indicating the need for secure storage, possibly due to the presence of isotopes or other sensitive substances.

💡HDPE bottle

HDPE, or high-density polyethylene, is a type of plastic that is used to make bottles for storing water samples. HDPE bottles are chosen for their durability and resistance to chemicals. The script mentions using HDPE bottles to store water samples that will be preserved for different types of analysis.

💡Safety

Safety is a critical aspect of any fieldwork, including water sampling. The script emphasizes the importance of safety by reminding the viewer to be careful and to stay safe while conducting the sampling. This includes rinsing equipment with the water sample to avoid contamination and using protective gear like latex gloves and masks.

💡Backup sample

A backup sample is an additional sample taken for the purpose of having a reserve in case the primary sample is compromised or additional analysis is needed. In the script, a 1-liter backup sample is stored in a glass bottle with a rubber seal, ensuring that there is a secondary sample available for future use.

Highlights

Three general steps for geochemical water sampling: choosing location, collecting, and filtering/preservation.

Preparation of equipment and materials is the initial step before field observation and sample collection.

List of equipment needed includes universal pH paper, beaker glass, glass bottle with rubber seal, isotope bottle, HDPE bottle, filter, syringe, and water dipper.

Materials required for sampling are Aquadest, Zn acetate 2M, and nitric or hydrochloric acid.

Supporting equipment includes latex gloves, mask, and a hannameter instrument for measurements.

Determination of the sampling location using specific coordinates and elevation.

Description of the sampling point's geographical location in Code River, Sendowo, Sinduadi Village, Mlati District, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta.

Water sampling conducted on October 22, 2020, under partly cloudy weather with a temperature of 28 degrees Celsius.

Rinsing of sampling equipment with water sample to prevent contamination.

Emphasis on safety during water sampling and the importance of collecting from flowing water to avoid sediment.

Observation of water's physical properties including temperature, color, odor, and electrical conductivity (EC).

Measurement of chemical properties such as pH and total dissolved solids (TDS) using a hannameter.

Instructions for maintaining the hannameter sensor and ensuring accurate readings.

Procedure for recording pH, EC, temperature, and TDS from hannameter readings.

Example results from the sample including pH 7.76, EC 376 micro Siemens, temperature 29.7 degrees Celsius, and TDS 189 ppm.

Filtering of water samples using a syringe and filter for lab analysis.

Preservation methods for water samples depending on the type of analysis, including adding strong acids for cation analysis.

Special preservation technique for sulfide analysis using Zn acetate.

Instructions for transporting samples to the laboratory in a cooler box for analysis.

Storage of backup samples in a glass bottle sealed with a rubber seal.

Transcripts

[Geochemical Water Sampling] In order to collect water sample for geochemical analysis, there are 3 steps in general

1. Choosing the sampling location

2. Collecting water sample

3. Filtering and preserving water sample

[The first step that must be done before conducting field observation and sample collecting..]

[..is to prepare equipments and materials]

[Preparing equipments and materials] The equipments needed to collect water sample are..

Universal pH paper

Beaker glass

Glass bottle & rubber seal

Isotope bottle

HDPE bottle

Filter

Syringe

Water dipper

And the materials needed are: Aquadest

Zn acetate 2 M

Nitric acid or hydrochloric acid

There are also supporting equipments, such as latex gloves and mask

And hannameter instrument

[The next step is to determine sampling location]

In this video, the sampling point is located at coordinate 49M 430567 E 914162 S with elevation 117 masl

This is located in Code River, Sendowo, Sinduadi Village, Mlati District, Sleman Regency, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

500 m to the southwest of Geological Engineering Department, Gadjah Mada University

Water sampling was conducted on Thursday, 22 October 2020.

The weather was partly cloudy with temperature of 28 degree Celsius

[Next step: to collect the water sample]

Rinse the equipments that will be used for water sampling (i.e beaker glass and water dipper)..

..using the water sample for 3 times

This is to ensure that there are no contaminant that will alter the result of analysis

When conducting water sampling, please be careful and stay safe.

Remember, safety first.

Collect water sample using water dipper, rinse the water dipper using water sample for 3 times

It is better to collect the sample on flowing water to avoid accidentally picking up sediment or mud

After that, put the water into beaker glass to measure its physical & chemical properties

The observation of physical properties includes temperature, color, odor, and electrical conductivity (EC)

The measurement of chemical properties includes pH and total dissolved solid (TDS)

Color can be observed visually, whether the water is clear, brown, reddish, or showing another color

Odor can be observed by smelling directly, whether the water is odorless, or have smells of sulfur, ammonia, or any particular odor

Taste (if possible) is checked with the tip of the tongue, whether the water is tasteless, salty, bitter, or sour

The measurement of pH, temperature, EC, and TDS may be performed using hannameter

The initial step is to arranging the instrument

The liquid within hannameter sensor cap must not dry out to maintain a stable pH, so that the hannameter instrument remains in a standard state

Don’t forget to rinse all the equipment min. 3 times with water sample, for example this mini beaker glass

Put the water sample into beaker glass

Insert the hannameter sensor into the water

Next, record the pH, electrical conductivity, and TDS from hannameter reading

For this sample, we obtain pH 7.76, EC 376 micro Siemens, temperature 29.7 degree Celsius, and TDS 189 ppm

[The last step is to filter and preserve water sample ]

Sample filtering is conducted by taking the water sample using a syringe..

..and then install the filter to end of syringe, and filter the water

Put the filtered water sample into isotope bottle and 2 HDPE bottle

Water sample within HDPE bottle will be preserved using some methods, according to the type of analysis

For anion analysis (fluoride, chloride, bromide, nitrate, sulphate, etc), sample no need to be preserved

For cation analysis (sodium, potassium, calcium, etc), add strong acid (ie. nitric acid HNO3 or HCl) until pH < 2 is reached

To measure pH, dip pH to the water sample and compare the color with indicator until match

For sulfide analysis, add 1 drop of Zn acetate 2 M for every 25 ml of sample

Put all samples into cooler box and bring to laboratory as quickly as possible

For backup sample, put 1 L of water sample into glass bottle and seal with rubber seal