SINKRONIK DAN DIAKRONIK DALAM ILMU SEJARAH || SEJARAH INDONESIA KELAS 10 (SEPULUH) #2

Summary

This educational video script delves into the concepts of historical thinking, focusing on the study of Indonesian history. It introduces five key perspectives: chronological order, diachronic analysis emphasizing 'when' an event occurs, synchronic analysis that broadens the view beyond time, the causality concept linking cause and effect, and periodization categorizing events by time frames. The script uses the Indonesian independence proclamation as an example to illustrate these concepts, aiming to deepen the understanding of historical processes and human life.

Takeaways

• 📚 The video discusses the concept of history as a science, focusing on different perspectives and ways of thinking within historical studies.
• 🕰 The first concept introduced is 'kronologis', which is about arranging historical events in chronological order to understand the sequence of human life and events.
• 📝 'Kronologis' is important for comparing historical events from different places during the same time period and relies on the correct order of events.
• 🔄 'Anakronis' is mentioned as the opposite of 'kronologis', referring to the misplacement of events in time, which can complicate understanding and comparison of history.
• 🗓 'Diachronik' is a concept that focuses on the development of events over time, emphasizing the 'when' aspect of historical occurrences.
• 📍 'Synchronik' expands the perspective beyond time to include space and other factors, providing a broader view of historical events.
• 🔗 'Kausalitas' or 'causality' is the concept that every historical event has a cause and effect, which can be used to analyze the reasons behind events and their consequences.
• 📉 The example of President Soeharto's resignation is used to illustrate the concept of 'kausalitas', showing how economic crises led to student demonstrations and ultimately his resignation.
• ⏳ 'Periodisasi' or 'periodization' is the categorization of historical events based on time periods, making it easier to understand the flow of events chronologically.
• 🗂 The script provides examples of periodization in Indonesian history, such as the period of Dutch colonial rule, Japanese occupation, revolution, and independence, through to the 'New Order' era.
• 🌐 The five concepts discussed are essential for understanding historical events and provide different lenses through which to view and analyze the past.

Q & A

What is the main topic discussed in the video script?

The main topic discussed in the video script is the concepts of historical thinking, specifically focusing on the perspectives of kronologis, diakronik, sinkronik, kausalitas, and periodisasi in the context of Indonesian history.

What does 'kronologis' mean in the context of history?

'Kronologis' refers to the chronological order of events, where history is arranged based on the sequence of dates and occurrences, making it easier to compare events from different places in the same time period.

Why is the concept of 'kronologis' important in understanding history?

The concept of 'kronologis' is important because it helps in organizing historical events in a sequential order, which aids in understanding the flow of life and occurrences in the past.

What is the meaning of 'anakronis' in historical context?

In historical context, 'anakronis' refers to the misplacement of events and objects in history that do not align with their actual chronological order, making it difficult to compare events from the same period.

Can you provide an example of how 'diakronik' is applied in the script?

An example of 'diakronik' in the script is the focus on the specific date of the Indonesian Proclamation of Independence, August 17, 1945, emphasizing the 'when' aspect of the event.

How does the 'sinkronik' concept differ from 'diakronik'?

The 'sinkronik' concept differs from 'diakronik' by broadening the perspective to include not only the time but also the space and other factors surrounding an event, providing a more comprehensive understanding.

What is the 'kausalitas' concept in history?

'Kausalitas' is the concept of cause and effect in history, suggesting that every event has a reason for happening and will lead to certain consequences, which can be used to analyze historical occurrences.

Can you give an example of how 'periodisasi' is used in the script?

In the script, 'periodisasi' is exemplified by categorizing historical events into different periods, such as the period of Dutch colonization, the Japanese occupation, the revolution and independence period, and the New Order era in Indonesia.

Why is the concept of 'periodisasi' useful in historical studies?

The concept of 'periodisasi' is useful in historical studies as it helps to categorize and group events based on their occurrence time, making it easier for readers to follow the chronological progression of events.

How does the script use the concept of 'kronologis' to explain the Indonesian Proclamation of Independence?

The script uses the concept of 'kronologis' to explain the Indonesian Proclamation of Independence by listing the sequence of events leading up to it, such as the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the subsequent surrender of Japan, culminating in the proclamation by Soekarno and Mohammad Hatta.

What is the significance of the date August 17, 1945, in Indonesian history according to the script?

According to the script, the date August 17, 1945, is significant in Indonesian history as it marks the day when Soekarno and Mohammad Hatta proclaimed the independence of Indonesia.