[NEKAT] Bahas Kontroversi Panji Gumilang tentang Al-Qur'an | Kajian Ilmu Kalam

Summary

The video discusses a controversial statement by Panji Gumilang, who claimed that the Quran is not the word of God, sparking a sensitive debate. The speaker explains that this topic has been deeply examined in Islamic theology (Ilmu Kalam), which is less popular but significant. The video delves into various theological views on whether the Quran is created or eternal and how it was revealed to Prophet Muhammad. The speaker clarifies these complex concepts without taking sides, aiming to inform viewers about the nuances of this theological discussion.

Takeaways

• 📜 Panji Gumilang's statement that the Quran is not the word of Allah is highly sensitive, despite being a topic deeply explored in Islamic theology.
• 📚 The debate about whether the Quran is created or not has been a long-standing issue in Islamic theology, particularly in the field of Ilmu Kalam.
• 🤔 Two major theological schools exist: the Mu'tazilah, who believe the Quran is created, and Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah, who believe it is uncreated.
• 📝 The Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah school divides the concept of 'Kalam Allah' into two types: 'Kalam Nafsi' (God's intrinsic speech) and 'Kalam Lafzi' (verbalized speech).
• 📖 'Kalam Nafsi' is eternal, without beginning, and not composed of letters or sounds, while 'Kalam Lafzi' is created and expressed in the form of the Quran.
• 🗣️ Panji Gumilang's statement about the Quran being the words of Prophet Muhammad aligns with the idea that the Quran is 'Kalam Lafzi'.
• 👂 There are three views on how the Quran was revealed to Prophet Muhammad, with some believing Jibril conveyed both its words and meanings, others that he conveyed only the meanings, and yet another that Jibril articulated it in Arabic.
• 📘 The scholar mentions important Islamic texts, such as 'Al Burhan' by Badruddin and 'Mabahith fi Ulum al-Quran' by Manna'ul Qattan, which discuss these theological debates.
• 🕌 The consensus among the majority of Islamic scholars is that the Quran is the word of Allah, and not the speech of Jibril or Muhammad, despite different interpretations.
• 🤝 The speaker clarifies that his analysis is not an endorsement or opposition to any party but aims to shed light on the complex theological discourse.

Q & A

What controversial statement did Panji Gumilang make about the Quran?

Panji Gumilang stated that the Quran is not the literal word (kalam) of Allah, which sparked controversy as this is a sensitive topic in Islamic theology.

What is the central theme discussed in the video related to Islamic theology?

The central theme discussed is the theological debate on whether the Quran is created (makhluq) or uncreated, a subject extensively debated in the field of 'Ilm al-Kalam (Islamic theology).

What are the two main theological schools of thought regarding the status of the Quran?

The two main theological schools are the Mu'tazilah, who believe the Quran is created and has a beginning, and the Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah, who argue that the Quran is uncreated and eternal.

What distinction does the Asy'ariyah school make regarding the concept of 'kalam Allah' (speech of God)?

The Asy'ariyah school distinguishes between 'kalam nafsi' (internal speech) which is uncreated and eternal, and 'kalam lafzi' (expressed speech) which is created and temporal, applying the latter to the Quran.

According to the video, how does the Quran being termed 'kalam lafzi' relate to its origin?

The Quran is termed 'kalam lafzi' because it is the expressed speech of God, revealed to Prophet Muhammad through the angel Jibril, in Arabic language, making it created in form but divine in origin.

What are the three opinions mentioned in the video about how the Quran was revealed to Prophet Muhammad?

The three opinions are: 1) The Quran, both its words and meaning, was revealed directly from Allah to Jibril, who then conveyed it to Prophet Muhammad. 2) Only the meanings were revealed to Jibril, who conveyed these meanings to the Prophet in Arabic. 3) The meanings were revealed to Jibril, who then articulated them in Arabic.

Why does the video state that the Quran is referred to as 'kalam lafzi'?

The Quran is referred to as 'kalam lafzi' because it consists of articulated speech—words, sounds, and language—expressed by Prophet Muhammad, as conveyed to him by Jibril.

What is the video’s stance on whether the Quran is the speech of Jibril or Muhammad?

The video clarifies that according to Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah, the Quran is not the speech of Jibril or Muhammad. It is considered the speech of Allah, revealed in Arabic through Jibril, and articulated by Muhammad.

What is the significance of the 'kalam nafsi' according to Islamic theology as discussed in the video?

In Islamic theology, 'kalam nafsi' refers to the eternal, uncreated speech of Allah that is not composed of letters, sounds, or language, thus transcending human expression and understanding.

What sources does the video suggest for further reading on the theological debates about the Quran?

The video recommends 'Al Burhan' by Badruddin and 'Mabahith Fi Ulum al-Quran' by Manna'ul Qattan as key references for understanding the theological debates and scholarly views on the nature of the Quran.