HUKUM II KIRCHHOFF

Pintu Orange
7 Aug 202117:05

Summary

TLDRThis educational video script delves into Kirchhoff's Laws, specifically focusing on Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL). It explains how the sum of potential differences in a closed circuit equals zero, indicating no energy loss within the circuit. The script guides viewers through applying KVL to analyze circuits, using illustrations to clarify concepts. It also outlines rules for determining the direction of loops and the sign of voltage drops, crucial for solving electrical circuit problems. The tutorial aims to simplify the understanding and application of KVL, encouraging viewers to engage with the material and seek further clarification if needed.

Takeaways

  • πŸ˜€ The video discusses the second law of Kirchhoff, also known as Kirchhoff's voltage law (KVL), which states that the sum of the voltages in a closed circuit is equal to zero.
  • πŸ”Œ The law applies to non-branching circuits, as opposed to the first law of Kirchhoff, which deals with current in branching circuits.
  • πŸ”‹ Kirchhoff's second law is fundamental in analyzing the potential difference in a closed electrical circuit, ensuring that the total energy in the circuit is conserved with no energy being lost.
  • πŸ“š The mathematical representation of KVL is given by the equation Ξ£V = 0, where V represents the voltage drops and sources in the circuit.
  • πŸ‘‰ The direction of the loop in the circuit can be chosen arbitrarily, but it's recommended to align it with the direction of the current for ease of calculation.
  • ⚑ When the direction of the loop is the same as the direction of the current, the voltage drop is considered positive; if opposite, it is negative.
  • πŸ”„ If the loop encounters a positive terminal first, the electric current direction should also be positive; conversely, if a negative terminal is encountered first, the current direction should be negative.
  • πŸ“‰ The law helps in solving for unknown currents and voltages in electrical circuits by setting up equations based on the conservation of energy.
  • πŸ“ An example problem is solved in the script, demonstrating how to apply KVL to find the current flowing through a circuit with given resistors and voltage sources.
  • πŸ€” The video encourages viewers to ask questions if they have difficulties understanding the material, offering multiple communication channels for clarification.

Q & A

  • What is the main topic discussed in the script?

    -The main topic discussed in the script is Kirchhoff's laws, specifically focusing on Kirchhoff's second law, also known as Kirchhoff's voltage law (KVL).

  • What is Kirchhoff's first law about?

    -Kirchhoff's first law, also known as Kirchhoff's current law (KCL), states that the total current entering a junction in a circuit is equal to the total current leaving the junction.

  • What does Kirchhoff's second law (KVL) imply about the sum of the voltages in a closed circuit?

    -Kirchhoff's second law (KVL) implies that the sum of the voltages (potential differences) in a closed circuit is equal to zero, indicating that there is no loss of energy in the circuit.

  • What is the mathematical expression for Kirchhoff's second law in terms of voltages?

    -The mathematical expression for Kirchhoff's second law is Ξ£V = 0, where the sum of all the voltages (potential differences) around a closed loop is zero.

  • How does the script differentiate between the application of Kirchhoff's first and second laws?

    -The script differentiates by stating that Kirchhoff's first law is applied to circuits with branches (junctions), while the second law is applied to analyze the potential differences in a closed circuit without branches.

  • What is the significance of the direction of the loop in applying Kirchhoff's second law?

    -The direction of the loop is significant because it determines the sign of the potential difference when applying Kirchhoff's second law. If the loop direction is the same as the current flow, the potential difference is positive; if opposite, it is negative.

  • What is the practical application of Kirchhoff's laws in solving electrical circuit problems?

    -Kirchhoff's laws are used to analyze and solve complex electrical circuits by providing a systematic method to calculate unknown currents and voltages in the circuit.

  • How does the script suggest determining the direction of the current flow for easier calculations?

    -The script suggests that for easier calculations, the direction of the loop should preferably be the same as the direction of the current flow, although it can be chosen freely.

  • What is the importance of understanding the sign of the potential difference in a circuit?

    -Understanding the sign of the potential difference is important because it indicates whether the energy is being absorbed or supplied in a part of the circuit, which is crucial for correctly applying Kirchhoff's second law.

  • Can you provide an example from the script where Kirchhoff's second law is applied to calculate the current in a circuit?

    -Yes, the script provides an example with three resistors (R1=2Ξ©, R2=6Ξ©, R3=4Ξ©) and two voltage sources (6V and 12V). It uses Kirchhoff's second law to set up an equation and solve for the current, which is found to be 0.5 amperes.

Outlines

00:00

πŸ”Œ Introduction to Kirchhoff's Second Law

The script begins with a casual greeting and introduces the topic of Kirchhoff's laws, specifically focusing on the second law, often referred to as Kirchhoff's voltage law (KVL). It contrasts this with Kirchhoff's first law, which deals with current conservation at junctions. The second law discusses the conservation of energy within a closed circuit, stating that the sum of all voltages (potential differences) in the circuit equals zero. This implies no energy is lost and all is utilized within the circuit. The explanation is set to be accompanied by illustrations to clarify the concept.

05:03

πŸ“š Explanation of Kirchhoff's Second Law and Its Application

This paragraph delves into the mathematical formulation of Kirchhoff's second law, explaining that the algebraic sum of the potential differences around a closed loop is zero. It provides a step-by-step guide on how to apply this law to analyze circuits, including choosing a loop direction and understanding the sign of voltage drops based on the direction of the loop relative to the current flow. The explanation includes rules for determining whether a voltage drop is positive or negative, which depends on the alignment of the loop direction with the current flow.

10:04

πŸ” Practical Application of Kirchhoff's Second Law in Circuit Analysis

The script continues with a practical example of applying Kirchhoff's second law to a circuit with three resistors and two voltage sources. It outlines the process of setting up the equation based on the law, taking into account the direction of the loops and the polarity of the voltage sources. The example demonstrates how to calculate the current flowing through the circuit by summing the voltage drops and the product of current and resistance for each component, setting the equation to equal zero and solving for the unknown current.

15:05

πŸ“ Conclusion and Invitation for Further Queries

The final paragraph wraps up the discussion by summarizing the solution to the example problem, which calculated the current in the circuit to be 0.5 amperes. It encourages viewers who have difficulties or questions to reach out via WhatsApp, Telegram, or by commenting on the video for further clarification. The script ends with well-wishes for the viewers' health and success in their tasks, followed by a traditional closing greeting.

Mindmap

Keywords

πŸ’‘Kirchoff's Laws

Kirchoff's Laws are fundamental principles in electrical circuit theory, consisting of Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) and Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL). In the video, the focus is on Kirchhoff's Voltage Law, which states that the algebraic sum of the potential differences (voltages) in a closed loop or circuit is zero. This law is essential for analyzing and solving complex electrical circuits, as illustrated by the script's discussion on calculating currents and voltage drops in a given circuit.

πŸ’‘Potential Difference

Potential difference, often referred to as voltage, is the work needed per unit of charge to move a test charge between two points. In the context of the video, potential difference is used to describe the driving force for the electric current in a circuit. The script mentions analyzing potential differences across various components within a closed circuit, which is a key aspect of applying Kirchhoff's Voltage Law.

πŸ’‘Closed Circuit

A closed circuit is an electrical path where the current has a continuous and unbroken route, allowing the flow of electric charge without any interruption. The video script discusses the application of Kirchhoff's Voltage Law specifically to closed circuits, emphasizing that the total voltage around such a circuit sums up to zero.

πŸ’‘Ohm's Law

Ohm's Law is a basic principle that relates voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R) in an electrical circuit, expressed as V = IR. Although not explicitly named in the script, the concept is implied when discussing the relationship between voltage drops across resistors and the current flowing through them in the circuit analysis.

πŸ’‘Resistor

A resistor is a passive component in an electrical circuit that opposes the flow of current, converting electrical energy into heat. The script mentions different resistors with values such as 2 Ohms, 6 Ohms, and 4 Ohms, which are used to calculate voltage drops and currents in the circuit.

πŸ’‘Voltage Source

A voltage source is a device that provides a potential difference to drive the flow of current in a circuit. The video script refers to two voltage sources with values of 6 volts and 12 volts, which are integral to the application of Kirchhoff's Voltage Law in the circuit analysis.

πŸ’‘Electric Current

Electric current is the flow of electric charge in a circuit, typically measured in amperes (A). The script discusses calculating the current flowing through a circuit as part of the application of Kirchhoff's laws, with an example calculation resulting in a current of 0.5 amperes.

πŸ’‘Circuit Analysis

Circuit analysis is the process of determining the behavior of an electrical circuit, such as the current and voltage at each point. The video script provides a detailed example of circuit analysis using Kirchhoff's Voltage Law to calculate the current in a circuit with specified resistors and voltage sources.

πŸ’‘Algebraic Sum

The algebraic sum refers to the total obtained by adding numbers considering their signs, which can be positive or negative. In the video, the concept is used to explain that the sum of all potential differences in a closed circuit, when calculated algebraically, equals zero according to Kirchhoff's Voltage Law.

πŸ’‘Electric Energy

Electric energy is the energy derived from the flow of electric power, which is the rate at which electric work is done. The script mentions that according to Kirchhoff's Voltage Law, there is no electric energy wasted in a closed circuit, as all energy is absorbed and used, which is a fundamental concept in the conservation of energy.

πŸ’‘Conductor

A conductor is a material that allows the flow of electric charge, thus enabling the movement of electric current. While the term 'conductor' is not explicitly mentioned in the script, the concept is inherent in the discussion of electric current flowing through components like resistors, which can be considered a type of conductor with specific resistance properties.

Highlights

Introduction to Kirchhoff's laws, specifically focusing on Kirchhoff's second law, also known as Kirchhoff's voltage law (KVL).

Explanation of Kirchhoff's first law, which states that the total current entering a junction is equal to the total current leaving the junction.

Kirchhoff's second law discusses the conservation of energy within a closed circuit, where the sum of the voltages around the circuit equals zero.

Illustration of the concept of voltage drops and rises in a closed circuit, emphasizing the conservation of energy.

The mathematical formulation of Kirchhoff's second law, expressed as the sum of algebraic differences in voltage being equal to zero.

A practical example of applying Kirchhoff's second law to a simple circuit with three resistors and two voltage sources.

Detailed step-by-step calculation process for determining the current in a circuit using Kirchhoff's second law.

The importance of choosing the correct loop direction for simplifying the calculation process in circuit analysis.

Rules for determining the positive or negative sign of voltage drops in a circuit based on the direction of the current flow.

The impact of the initial encountered terminal on the sign of the electric force (voltage) in the circuit analysis.

Guidance on how to approach problems involving Kirchhoff's second law, including tips for selecting loop directions and interpreting voltage signs.

A specific problem-solving example involving a circuit with given resistor values and voltage sources, demonstrating the application of Kirchhoff's second law.

Calculation of the current flowing through a circuit using the derived formula from Kirchhoff's second law.

Emphasis on the conservation of energy in electrical circuits, where no energy is lost, and all is absorbed and used.

Invitation for viewers to ask questions or seek clarification on Kirchhoff's laws through various communication channels.

Closing remarks with well-wishes for health and success in tasks, encouraging the application of the learned concepts in practice.

Transcripts

play00:00

yo yo Wega selamat berjumpa lagi dengan

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Bapak di sini gimana kabarnya mudahan

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baik-baik saja sehat selalu ya bahagia

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lahir dan batin itu yang kita harapkan

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bersamanya Dan untuk kesempatan kali ini

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kita akan membahas tentang hukum

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Kirchoff tapi untuk kali ini kita akan

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membahas tentang hukum dua pistol Nah

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setelah di konten Sebelumnya kan kita

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membahas tentang hukum 1 Kirchoff kalau

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hukum 1 Kirchoff itu membahas tentang

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harusnya ya jadi arus yang masuk kedalam

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suatu didik

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gabungan itu sama dengan jumlah arus

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yang keluar dari titik percabangan

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tersebut itu hukum satunya untuk hukum2

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pitstop itu lebih luas tentang kepada

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tegangannya ya jadi sumber tegangan atau

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beda potensial yang ada di dalam suatu

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rangkaian tertutup itu jika dijumlahkan

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semuanya akan sama dengan nol yang

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artinya energi yang ada di dalam

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rangkaian tersebut itu diserap kemudian

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gunakan diserap digunakannya gitu ya Eh

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jadi artinya tidak ada energi yang

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terbuang bisa dijumlah tegangannya untuk

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bergerak listriknya itu sama dengan nol

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untuk lebih jelasnya marilah kita ikuti

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ilustrasi dan pembahasan berikut ini

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di media coba tabat saya hukum 2

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Kirchoff hukum 2 Kirchoff ini berlaku

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pada rangkaian yang tidak bercabang

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berbeda dengan hukum 1 Kirchoff yang

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kalaupun satu besok kan pada rangkaian

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yang bercabang Nah untuk hukum 2

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Kirchoff ini digunakan untuk

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menganalisis beda potensial yang terjadi

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pada

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Hai rangkaian yang tertutup

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hai eh sehingga karena tidak potensial

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yang dipelajari atau tegangan yang

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dipelajari dalam rangkaian tertutup ini

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hukum 2 Kirchoff itu lebih terkenal

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dengan hukum tegangan Kirchoff ya

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Hai atau bahasa merekanya gitu Kirchoff

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voltage slow gitu ya disingkat kvl gitu

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Ya udah bunyi hukum dot kecap adalah

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Jumlah aljabar beda potensial atau

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tegangan pada suatu rangkaian tertutup

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adalah sama dengan nol itunya dijumlah

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beda potensialnya jika dijumlahkan semua

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itu akan =

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Hai kemudian versi lain dari hukum.co.id

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ini pada rangkaian tertutup berbunyi

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Hai jumlah aljabar gerak listrik dan

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jumlah penurunan tegangannya itu sama

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dengan nol sehingga secara matematika

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bisa ditulis Sigma epsilon ya kecil itu

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dijumlahkan dengan sigmatic kali er

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Italia itu tegangannya itu sama dengan

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nol di segment silon plus Sigma i * r

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itu sama dengan nol Oke untuk lebih

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jelasnya kita perhatikan ilustrasi

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berikut ini ya Nah ini dia gambarnya

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dari hukum 2 Kirchoff sana ada gambar

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rangkaian yang tertutup ya Eh yang

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berwarna hijau apa ya di tengah itu dan

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itu terjadi lingkaran dengan tanda panah

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melingkar searah jarum jam itu ya itu

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namanya lupa nanti jadi lupa itu ada

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lingkaran mau

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yaitu searah jarum jam oleh makhlukNya

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itu berlawanan arah jarum jam juga boleh

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nanti lupa adalah lingkaran yang ada di

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dalam rangkaian tertutup tersebut ya gak

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melingkarnya nya jadi berdasarkan

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gambarnya ya terlihat gambar disana ada

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daerah a-kembar Dian ke b ke c gede gitu

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ya berdasarkan gambar tuh total tegangan

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pada rangkaian adalah Ed tegangan dari a

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ke b ya kemudian tegangan dari B ke c

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dengan dari ceday tegangan dari BK itu

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sama dengan nol Jadi kalau ditulis

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matematis ppab Plus

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Hai + VCD + Pi Dea itu sama dengan nol

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itu ya kalau ditulis matematik hukum 2

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Kirchoff ini menjelaskan bahwa jumlah

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penurunan beda potensial itu sama dengan

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nol itu artinya itu tidak ada energi

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yang hilang dalam rangkaian ini ya atau

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semua energi listrik itu diserap dan

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digunakan itu ya

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Hai deh Ya itu pemaparan untuk Apa itu

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hukum 2 Kirchoff atau kesimpulan dari

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hukum 2 Kirchoff ya kemudian kita ke

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persyaratan tandanya ya nanti nantikan

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kita mau mengerjakan soal-soal tentang

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hukum 2 Kirchoff ini ada yang positif

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atau negatif gitu ya untuk menentukan

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positif negatifnya bagaimana nanti ya

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kayak kita ikuti pemaparan berikut ini

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ini dia ya langsung kita baca ya

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aturan-aturannya supaya nanti ketika

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mengerjakan Soalnya kita bisa dengan

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mudah yang menghitungnya enggak kita

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sahabat saya

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Hai untuk menganalisis suatu rangkaian

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listrik menggunakan hukum.id top

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diperlukan beberapa aturan atau

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perjanjian yang pertama pilih lup-lup

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itu lingkaran yang di tengah itu ya

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untuk masing-masing lintasan tertutup

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dengan alat tertentu

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Hai jadi nanti arahnya bebas saya boleh

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searah jarum jam itu ya lingkarannya

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boleh juga berlawanan arah jarum jam

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Hai tapi Jika memungkinkan usahakan

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nanti arahnya searah dengan arah arus ya

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nge-rap supaya lebih mudah ya nanti

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untuk menentukan perhitungannya gitu ya

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jadi eh mau searah jarum gak mau

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berlawanan Azzam bertarung jam itu

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sebetulnya bebas-bebas aja boleh-boleh

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saja tapi untuk lebih mempermudah nya

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usahakan nanti arahnya itu searah dengan

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arus gitu ya nanti kita akan paham kalau

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kita sedang mengerjakan soalnya Ya nah

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yang nomor dua itu pada suatu cabang

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ilmu

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Hai jika arah Loop sama dengan arah arus

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maka penurunan tegangan bertanda positif

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Jadi kalau misalkan arah luknya searah

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jarum jam sementara arah arusnya juga

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searah jarum jam gitu ya Nah maka apa

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penurunan tegangannya bertanda

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Hai Positif itu ya Kalau arah luknya

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searah dengan arus tapi jika berlawanan

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dengan arah arus maka arah tegangannya

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bertanda negatif kalau misalkan lu punya

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searah jarum jam nih lihat gambarnya itu

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yang kedua

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Hai kalau misalkan arahnya searah jarum

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jam itu ya terus arah arusnya juga

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searah jarum jam

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Hai makan nanti eh penurunan tegangan

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Nyai kali airnya positif Karena

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sama-sama searah gitu ya tuh yang aturan

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nomor

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Hai the

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Hai terlihat aturan nomor satu tuh kan

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gambarnya ada dua jadi ada arah Loop

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yang searah jarum jam itu ya ada arah

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Aduh ada arah Loop yang berlawanan arah

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jarum jam itu hanya gambar cara jarum

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jam itu aja berlawanan arah jarum jam

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gitu aja ya Jadi untuk Gang nomor satu

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mah itu aturannya ya mau searah boleh

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mau berlawanan arah juga boleh tapi

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Usahakan kalau bisa searah dengan arah

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arus makhluk-nya gitu Nah untuk aturan

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yang kedua ini hehehe

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Hai ini hanya menentukan tanda positif

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dan tanda negatif di Sudah tadi Ya

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sekelas B pada suatu cabang jika arah

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Loop sama dengan arah arus maka

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penurunan tegangannya bertanda positif

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lu gambar yang pertama ini bertanda

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positif di jika lingkaran luknya itu

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searah dengan arah arus gambar yang

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kedua ini kalau misalkan lu punya

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berlawanan dengan arah jarum jam atau

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berlawanan dengan arah arus Maka nanti

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tegangannya itu bertanda negatif jadi er

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negatif Nah itu

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Hai tutup aturan yang kedua loh

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Hai perjanjian yang kedua kemudian ada

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lagi perjanjian yang ketiga yaitu jika

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saat mengikuti arah Loop kutub sumber

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tegangan yang lebih dahulu dijumpai

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adalah kutub positif maka gaya gerak

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listrik nya juga harus bertanda positif

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nah sebaliknya jika kutub yang lebih

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dahulu dijumpai adalah kutub negatif

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maka gaya gerak listrik nya juga

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bertanda negatif Betul dek ketika klub

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itu berputar ya kemudian dia bertemu

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dengan kutub positif maka GGL nya juga

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harus positif gitu ya Tapi ketika

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dial-up nyamuk memutar yang pertama itu

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ketemu kutub negatif Nah maka GGL nya

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juga harus bertanda negatif itu berapa

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perjanjian yang Rudi sepakat tidur

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ya sebelum kita mengerjakan soal-soal

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tentang hukum 2 Kirchoff ini ya oke baik

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untuk lebih jelasnya kita gunakan

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aturan-aturan tersebut saat kita nanti

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mengerjakan soal-soalnya oke langsung

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saja kita ke soalnya

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hai hai

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di media soal yang pertama tentang hukum

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Kirchoff

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Ayo kita lihat gambarnya ya

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Hai disana ada tiga buah resistor dan

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ada dua buah sumber tegangan gaya gerak

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listrik ya dimana arusnya itu berarah

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berlawanan arah jarum jam yang lihat di

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bawah arahnya gitu ya

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Hai ditambah panahnya ke kanan kemudian

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Ya nantinya akan memutar berlawanan arah

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jarum jam arah harusnya ya dan arah

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luknya juga berlawanan arah jarum jam

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kayaknya

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Hai jadi ini arah luknya sudah searah

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dengan arah harusnya kemudian apa saja

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yang diketahui dari gambar tersebut ada

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R1 ya resistor yang pertama itu dua Om

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kemudian R2 resistor yang kedua itu 6

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Ohm dan R3 4omh gitu Kemudian untuk GGL

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satunya 6volt dan untuk GGL keduanya 12

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volt langsung saja ya kita ke rumus dari

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hukum 2 Kirchoff hukum 2 Kirchoff

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berbunyi jumlah GGL dan sumber tegangan

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itu harus sama dengan nol Ya adek

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the country's matematik Disana sudah ada

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jawabannya Sigma F Sigma epsilon gitu ya

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ditambah Sigma Ikal er itu =

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Hai Sigma epsilon atau Sigma itu ya

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Semua GGL yang ada untuk GGL yang

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pertama itu yang 12 volt dari dari bawah

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dulu ya Jadi kita ngitungnya dari bawah

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dulu dari yang 12 volt itu sebagai

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Google pertama yang dihitung pada Geger

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satunya akan yang 60 tapi webassign

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namanya penjumlahannya boleh dari yang

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mana saja akan bebas jadi mint epsilon 2

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kenapa minus Nah karena tanda aloe pnya

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itu

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hai pertama ketemu dengan tanda minus

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gitu pertama dengan ketemu dan kutub

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negatif jadi untuk GGL dua itu min min

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epsilon 2 ditambah plus epsilon satu ya

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karena Lubna di epsilon Sabtu ketemu

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Positif itu plus i * r 3 plus ya karena

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klubnya searah dengan arah arus kemudian

play14:31

plus kali ilir2 plus juga ya + I * R1 =

play14:40

0 sekarang tingkat kita tinggal masukkan

play14:44

angka-angkanya ke dalam rumusnya gitu ya

play14:47

Di epsilon 2-12 epsilon

play14:51

Hai yang ditanyakan R34 r26 dan er

play14:58

satunya dua sehingga setelah kita ganti

play15:02

rumusnya dengan angka-angka menjadi mint

play15:05

12 + enam plus e4plus E6 + I2 = 0 itu

play15:14

kemudian min12 ditambah enam itu

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menamkan kemudian yang ada isinya itu

play15:20

dijumlahkan semua 4 + 6 10 10 Plus 2 12

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sehingga hasilnya 12 in610 dengan

play15:30

Hai sehingga dengan persamaan ini kita

play15:32

bisa mencarinya menghitung iya jadinya =

play15:36

6 per-12 hasilnya adalah 0,5 ampere

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terjawablah sudah ya ya pertanyaannya

play15:44

karena yang ditanyakan deh soal ini

play15:47

adalah arus yang mengalir dalam

play15:49

rangkaian nih jadi harusnya adalah 60120

play15:53

= 0,5 sampai ke itu satu contoh soal

play15:59

semoga kalian mudah memahaminya ya Dan

play16:04

apabila ada yang belum paham atau tidak

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mengerti

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Hai oleh kalian Japri lewat WA lewat

play16:10

telegram atau seperti biasa oleh kalian

play16:14

Comment di bawah video ini nah Tadinya

play16:19

sih mau bahas beberapa soalnya Tapi

play16:25

kalau perhitungkan ini akan menambah

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durasi dan untuk menghemat kuota ya oke

play16:32

Bila kalian ada misalkan menemukan soal

play16:37

yang lain tentang hukum 2 Kirchoff dan

play16:39

tidak kesulitan boleh kalian tanyakan

play16:41

langsung ya lewat Japri atau kalian bisa

play16:44

komen di bawah video ini tidak jaya

play16:47

untuk kali ini mudah-mudahan semuanya

play16:50

diberikan kesehatan kelancaran dalam

play16:53

mengerjakan tugas-tugasnya Billahi

play16:56

taufik wal hidayah wassalamualaikum

play16:59

warohmatullohi wabarokatuh

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Related Tags
Kirchhoff's LawsElectrical CircuitsVoltage AnalysisCurrent FlowOhm's LawResistorsVoltage SourceEducational ContentPhysics TutorialElectrical EngineeringCircuit Analysis