Plant Tissues One Shot Class 9 Biology: Definition & Cellular Organization | CBSE Class 9 Science

Summary

This educational video by Baiju's introduces students to the concept of plant tissues, emphasizing their importance for exams. The teacher, Ankita, covers meristematic and permanent tissues, explaining their types, characteristics, and functions. She also discusses the protective role of epidermis and the conductive roles of xylem and phloem, highlighting the differences between living and non-living cells within these tissues. The session aims to help students master the topic for their examinations, with additional resources available on the channel.

Takeaways

• 📘 The lesson focuses on plant tissues, emphasizing their importance for exams and providing definitions and characteristics.
• 🌿 Tissues are categorized into two broad types: plant and animal, with the class concentrating on plant tissues, specifically meristematic and permanent tissues.
• 📝 Meristematic tissues are responsible for plant growth in specific regions, characterized by active cell division, dense cytoplasm, prominent nuclei, thin cell walls, and lack of vacuoles.
• 🌱 Meristematic tissues are further divided into apical, lateral, and intercalary, each with distinct locations and functions in plant growth and development.
• 🌳 Permanent tissues result from the differentiation of meristematic tissues and are non-dividing. They are divided into simple and complex permanent tissues.
• 🍃 Simple permanent tissues consist of similar cell types, including parenchyma, chlorenchyma, and aerenchyma, each with unique functions and characteristics.
• 💪 Complex permanent tissues, such as xylem and phloem, are made up of different cell types and are responsible for the transport of water, minerals, and nutrients within the plant.
• 🔄 Xylem is unidirectional, transporting water and minerals upwards, and consists of tracheids, vessels, parenchyma, and fibers, with most components being dead cells.
• 🔄 Phloem exhibits bidirectional flow, moving nutrients and sugars, and includes sieve tubes, companion cells, parenchyma, and fibers, with most components being living cells.
• 🌼 Protective tissues, such as epidermis and cork cells, serve to shield the plant from water loss, mechanical damage, and parasites, with stomata facilitating gas exchange.
• 📚 The script encourages students to take notes, participate in the Baiju's Scholarship Test for a chance to meet Indian cricket champions, and join the Telegram group for additional resources.

Q & A

What is the main focus of the class taught by Ankita?

The main focus of the class is on plant tissues, discussing their types, characteristics, and functions, which is important from an exam perspective.

What are the two broad categories of tissues mentioned in the script?

The two broad categories of tissues mentioned are plant tissues and animal tissues.

What are the key characteristics of meristematic tissues?

Meristematic tissues are active, keep dividing, have a dense set of cytoplasm, a prominent nucleus, thin cell walls, and lack vacuoles.

What are the different types of meristematic tissues and their respective locations?

The different types of meristematic tissues include apical meristems located at the tips of shoots and roots, lateral meristems in the stems and roots, and intercalary meristems in the nodes and internodes.

What is the primary function of apical meristems?

Apical meristems help in the extension of shoots and roots, contributing to the plant's growth in a horizontal direction.

What is the difference between simple and complex permanent tissues?

Simple permanent tissues consist of similar types of cells, such as parenchyma, chlorenchyma, and sclerenchyma. Complex permanent tissues are made up of different types of cells and include xylem and phloem.

What is the role of parenchyma cells in plants?

Parenchyma cells provide structural support and play a crucial role in the storage of materials within the plant.

How does chlorenchyma contribute to a plant's ability to perform photosynthesis?

Chlorenchyma cells contain chloroplasts with chlorophyll, which aids in the process of photosynthesis by capturing light energy.

What is the function of the sclerenchyma in plants?

Sclerenchyma provides mechanical strength to the plant, contributes to the hardness of seed coats, and gives a woody appearance to the plant.

What is the primary function of the xylem in plants?

The xylem is responsible for the transport of water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant in a unidirectional flow.

How is the flow of substances in the phloem different from that in the xylem?

In the phloem, the flow of substances is bidirectional, allowing for the movement of molecules both upwards and downwards, unlike the unidirectional flow in the xylem.

What is the significance of the cuticle layer in the epidermis of leaves?

The cuticle layer serves as a protective barrier to prevent water loss, mechanical damage, and the invasion of parasites, while also facilitating gas exchange and transpiration.

Outlines

00:00

🌿 Introduction to Plant Tissues

The script begins with a welcome to Baiju's educational channel, where the teacher, Ankita, introduces the topic of plant tissues. She emphasizes the importance of this subject for exams and outlines the plan for the class. The focus will be on understanding the key concepts, questions, and how to answer them effectively in an examination. Ankita invites students to take notes and encourages new viewers to subscribe to the channel. The main concepts to be covered are the definition of tissues, their classification into plant and animal tissues, and the two main categories within plant tissues: meristematic and permanent tissues.

05:02

📚 Meristematic Tissues and Their Types

This paragraph delves into the details of meristematic tissues, which are characterized by their ability to divide and contribute to plant growth. Ankita discusses the key features of these tissues, such as their active nature, thin cell walls, and lack of vacuoles. The types of meristematic tissues are explored, including apical, lateral, and intercalary meristems, each with their specific locations and functions within the plant. The importance of understanding these tissues for exam purposes is highlighted, with a note on the potential exam questions and the significance of the characteristic features of meristematic tissues.

10:05

🏆 Scholarship Test and Permanent Tissues

The script introduces a scholarship test opportunity for students, with the chance to meet Indian cricket champions and watch the T20 Men's World Cup live in Australia. After this announcement, the lesson continues with the discussion of permanent tissues, which are differentiated from meristematic tissues by their non-dividing nature. Permanent tissues are further divided into simple and complex types. Simple permanent tissues consist of similar cell types, such as parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma, each with their distinct characteristics and functions. The importance of understanding the differentiation process and the types of cells in permanent tissues is underscored.

15:05

🌱 Characteristics of Simple Permanent Tissues

The paragraph focuses on the characteristics of simple permanent tissues, specifically parenchyma, chlorenchyma, and sclerenchyma. Parenchyma cells are described as having thin cell walls and playing a role in storage and structural support. Chlorenchyma cells, associated with chlorophyll, are involved in photosynthesis. Sclerenchyma cells are identified as dead cells with thick lignified walls, providing mechanical strength to the plant, such as in seed coats and vascular bundles. The differences between living and dead tissues within the simple permanent tissues are highlighted, along with their respective roles in the plant's structure and function.

20:05

🌳 Protective and Complex Permanent Tissues

This section discusses protective tissues, which include leaf epidermis, root epidermis, and cork cells. Their roles in preventing water loss, mechanical damage, and parasite invasion are explained. The leaf epidermis is highlighted for its gas exchange function through stomata. Root epidermis and root hairs are described for their contribution to water absorption. Cork cells are explained as a protective layer in older plants, with the chemical suberin making them impervious to water and gas. The paragraph concludes with an introduction to complex permanent tissues, specifically xylem and phloem, which are conducting tissues with unidirectional and bidirectional flow, respectively. The components of xylem and their functions in water and mineral transport are outlined.

🚰 Phloem Tissue and Transport of Food

The final paragraph of the script focuses on the phloem, the tissue responsible for the transport of food in plants. It describes the bidirectional flow of molecules in phloem, which is unique compared to the unidirectional flow in xylem. The components of phloem are detailed, including sieve tubes for sugar and nutrient transport, companion cells that control sieve tube activity, and parenchyma for food storage. The presence of fibers for mechanical support is also noted. The living and non-living components of phloem are contrasted with those of xylem, and the importance of understanding these differences for exams is emphasized. The session ends with an invitation to join the channel's Telegram group for additional resources and updates.

Keywords

💡Tissues

Tissues are a group of cells with similar shape and function that work together to perform a specific function in an organism. In the context of the video, plant tissues are the focus, which are essential for understanding plant structure and function. The script discusses two broad categories of plant tissues: meristematic and permanent tissues, highlighting their importance in plant growth and development.

💡Meristematic Tissue

Meristematic tissues are regions in plants where cells actively divide and contribute to growth. They are characterized by their ability to divide and are responsible for the growth in specific regions of the plant. The video script mentions apical, lateral, and intercalary meristems, each with distinct locations and functions within the plant, such as extending shoots and roots or increasing girth.

💡Permanent Tissue

Permanent tissues are the result of meristematic tissues undergoing differentiation, where they take on specific functions and lose their ability to divide. These tissues are crucial for the plant's structure and function. The script distinguishes between simple and complex permanent tissues, with examples including parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma, xylem, and phloem.

💡Parenchyma

Parenchyma cells are a type of simple permanent tissue with thin cell walls and large intercellular spaces, playing roles in storage and providing structural support throughout the plant. The script describes their characteristics and functions, such as their presence in various parts of the plant and their role in material storage.

💡Chlorenchyma

Chlorenchyma is another type of simple permanent tissue that contains chloroplasts, which are essential for photosynthesis. The script explains that these cells, similar to parenchyma, are involved in the production of food for the plant through the process of photosynthesis, earning them the nickname 'kitchen of the cell'.

💡Collenchyma

Collenchyma is a living tissue with thickened cell walls that provide mechanical support and flexibility to plants, particularly in climbers. The script uses the example of plants moving in the wind without breaking, illustrating how collenchyma contributes to the plant's structural integrity.

💡Sclerenchyma

Sclerenchyma is a type of simple permanent tissue composed of dead cells with thick lignified cell walls, offering mechanical strength to the plant. The script mentions its presence in hard seed coats and its role in providing a woody appearance, as well as its function in protecting the plant.

💡Xylem

Xylem is a complex permanent tissue responsible for the transport of water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant. The script emphasizes the unidirectional flow of substances in the xylem and its components, such as tracheids, vessels, parenchyma, and fibers, which work together to support the plant's water needs.

💡Phloem

Phloem is another complex permanent tissue that transports food, specifically sugars and nutrients, throughout the plant. The script highlights the bidirectional flow of substances in the phloem and its components, including sieve tubes, companion cells, parenchyma, and fibers, which are crucial for the plant's nutritional distribution.

💡Epidermis

Epidermis refers to the outermost layer of cells in leaves and roots, serving as a protective barrier. The script explains the role of the epidermis in preventing water loss, mechanical damage, and parasite invasion, as well as its involvement in gas exchange and transpiration.

💡Cork Cells

Cork cells are part of the protective tissue found in the bark of woody stems and old plants. The script describes how these cells reduce water loss and prevent mechanical injury, forming a tough covering as they become impermeable to water and gas due to the chemical suberin.

Highlights

Introduction to plant tissues and their importance in exams.

Definition and explanation of tissues as groups of similar cells with specific functions.

Categorization of tissues into plant and animal tissues, with further division into meristematic and permanent tissues in plants.

Characteristic features of meristematic tissues, including their active cell division and role in plant growth.

Types of meristematic tissues: apical, lateral, and intercalary meristems, with their respective locations and functions.

Explanation of permanent tissues as non-dividing, differentiated cells with specific functions.

Differentiation between simple and complex permanent tissues, with examples of each type.

Description of parenchyma cells, their characteristics, and functions in structural support and storage.

Chlorenchyma cells' role in photosynthesis due to their high chloroplast content.

Aerenchyma's function in buoyancy and air spaces, particularly in aquatic plants.

Collenchyma cells' characteristics, providing flexibility and support in climbers.

Sclerenchyma cells as dead cells with thick lignified walls, offering mechanical strength.

Protective function of leaf epidermis, preventing water loss and providing gas exchange through stomata.

Role of root epidermis and root hairs in water absorption and protection.

Cork cells' function in mature plants to reduce water loss and prevent injury.

Introduction to complex permanent tissues, xylem and phloem, as conducting tissues.

Xylem's role in unidirectional transport of water and minerals, with its components like tracheids and vessels.

Phloem's function in bidirectional transport of food, with components like sieve tubes and companion cells.

Involvement of parenchyma in both xylem and phloem for storage and short-distance transport.

Highlight of the differences between xylem and phloem in terms of living and non-living components.

Promotion of BYJU'S mini learning program and its benefits for students.

Conclusion of the session with an invitation to join BYJU'S Telegram group for additional resources.

Transcripts

[Music]

so

[Music]

hi students welcome to baiju's this is

9th and 10th channel of it and you all

are achievers and i'm your teacher

ankita in today's class we'll be

discussing about the plant tissue or i

would say that we'll be mastering the

plant issue in one shot we know that

this is really very important from the

exam point of view so we'll be looking

into the chapter

right of course this particular topic we

will be discussing about the important

key words important questions and how

you can write the answer in the

examination right so this is really very

very important before we start our

discussion i would request you to have

your notebook and your pen so that you

can note on all the important points

that we'll be discussing and on that

note let's get started but just one

minute one more important thing that i

need to tell you if you're watching this

video for a very first time or if you're

new to our channel take a moment and hit

on the subscribe button to actually help

us in growing our family apart from that

it will be great for you so that you can

get the quality education and with that

let's get started we're talking about

tissues now what are tissues now tissues

are nothing but a group of cells right

which have which have a similar shape

and function and they act together to

perform a very specific function and we

call them as the tissues so over here we

have one mark's definition for the

tissues it's really very important so of

course you can quickly take a screen

shot of it when we talk about the

tissues right

we have divided them into two broad

categories we have plant tissues and the

animal tissue in plant tissues we have

meristematic tissue and permanent tissue

and in animals we have the epithelial

connective tissue muscular and the

nervous tissue in today's class we will

be discussing about the plant tissue

let's focus on that

now when we talk about the plant issue

as we have just discussed we can broadly

divide them in the two different

categories for estematic tissue and the

permanent tissue first we'll be focusing

on the meristematic tissue

let's get started with it so again this

is a really very important information

we have over here you can take the

screenshot of the slides that we have

right basically these can act as your

notes so that you can quickly revise

during your examination we have all the

important information which is needed

over here we go now maurice demonic

tissues are really very special type of

tissues right they keep on dividing

that's why we call them as the dividing

tissues of the plant also apart from

that they are responsible

for the growth of a plant in a specific

region very very important point about

the meristematic tissues

we will talk about the important

characteristic features they are active

they keep on dividing cells

they have dense set of cytoplasm they

have a prominent nucleus thin cell ball

and they lack the vacuole these are the

important characteristic features of

these monostromatic tissue

now let's move ahead and let's talk

about the different types of

meristematic tissues we have we have

epical lateral and the infra calorie

let's quickly discuss about each one of

these individually the first one we are

discussing is the apical meristem now

when we talk about the location of it

they are present in the shoot and the

root effects at the tip of the shoot

right if the plant is growing in this

particular direction they will be there

at the tip of the plant so that they can

grow grow actually in the uh you know

horizontal direction moving towards the

up and of course in the roots also

they're present at the tip of it

then the important function of that they

actually help in the extension of the

shoots and the roots that's really very

important function of them when we have

the lateral meristem

now they're present in the lateral

in the stems and the roots right and

they actually help in increasing the

grit of the plant in this particular

direction right over here horizontally

actually help in increasing the grid

that's really very important

over here so this very important uh

important thing for us to remember when

we're discussing about the tissues is

that we should remember their location

as well as their function so that's done

moving to the third type we have the

intel carolee charismatic right the

location of course present in the nodes

and the internodes so over here we have

the nodes right

over here we have right and of course uh

on from here we'll see the growth of the

new branches new leaves all together so

that's they are present there and of

course the uh the important function of

them is to help in the vertical

elongation of the plant so we hear what

we have is a very quick summary of the

meristematic tissue and in the

examination this comes for three marks

now what uh the question can be describe

about the monostematic tissue or write

the important types of meristematic

tissues along with their function so

here you have the answer so i hope that

you have noted this down right if you do

this question you will be the champion

in the examination right because now

you're kind of uh you know you you kind

of aware about each and everything about

this particular question

talking about the champions right i have

a very interesting information for you

we have buy juice scholarship test

now this particular examination

will give you a chance to meet the

champions right of our indian cricket

team yes so we know that t20 men's world

cup is their aid australia and if you

participate in baiju scholarship test

you could get a chance to go to

australia and watch the world cup live

so interesting right what you have to do

you just have to register yourself

there's a test which is absolutely free

you can write this test and of course

you could win a chance so that's really

really amazing apart from that you you

will get a chance to go to australia

there are other rewards also so what are

you waiting for right there's a link in

the description box below so you can

click on that link and of course you can

register yourself for the examination so

keep that right in your notes

now that you're done with this

going back to our learning so many

somatic issues is done and now we will

be discussing about the permanent issue

i'm sure you are kind of aware about

what is the meaning of permanent right

now the permanent issue are those when

not these are the ones that not be

dividing

no dividing we can say

right

they will not be dividing

this is important no dividing right and

the meristematic tissue

will undergo the

differentiation

and then only will have the permanent

tissue so barista meristematic tissues

are there right they will be

differentiating they'll be taking up a

very specific functions and once they

take up their specific functions to

perform they will be losing their

ability to divide and then only will

have the permanent issue that's we are

clear right differentiation is again a

very important

one marks question so please make a note

of it

so now we have the permanent issue now

the permanent issue again can be broadly

divided into two different types we have

simple permanent tissue and complex

permanent tissue in simple permanent

tissue will have similar types of cells

this is important

we'll have the

similar

types of cells

in that we have three types we have

parenchyma colon chyma and sclerenchyma

in complex permanent tissue we will have

different

types of

cells

different types of cells will be coming

together and they will be forming the

complex permanent tissue in that we have

two categories we can say two types we

have xylem and we have phloem now that

we are clear with this let's quickly

discuss about the simple permanent issue

in that for the first one we are

discussing is the parenchyma our

important characteristic features of the

parenchyma that they are oval or they

could be round also

they have a very thin cell wall very

thin cell wall right

they have the small but dense nuclear

this is important then of course they

have a living protoplasm right they have

living protoplasm

retroplasm will have the living

component which have which includes the

nucleus and the cytoplasm and of course

they have a lot of large intracellular

species so this is really very important

in terms of the parenchyma so this is

very important

that's the important characteristic

features now let's talk about the

location

now they are present throughout the

plants so everywhere in different

different parts of the plant we will

find the parenchyma

now the function they perform the

function and they provide the structural

support that's a very important function

and they plays a very important role in

the storage of the materials so what we

have over here is the quick summary of

the

parenchyma so quickly take a screenshot

of it moving ahead we'll be discussing

about two types we have chlorine chyma

and we have erin kaima so let's talk

about the chlorine chimera first i'm

sure there's a lot of similarities with

the word chlorophyll right

now let's talk about the characteristic

features of them they could be oval or

round shape with the very thin cell wall

they have a dense but small nucleus very

similar to the parenchyma right they

have a dense protoplasm

and of course they have a good amount of

chloroplast we know that chloroplast is

called as a kitchen of the cell and

chloroplasts have chlorophyll that

actually help the plants to perform the

photo synthesis

that's by the name

lauren kaima that's a very important

note

then let's talk about the erin kaima as

the word air is there it is related to

something with the floating of it we

talk about the characteristic features

they are oval round shape have a similar

very thin cell wall dense but small

nuclears they contain large air cavity

and because there's a lot of larger

cavity

they actually help the plants to float

especially the water plants like water

lily right they actually can easily

float on the water and of course we have

the iron chymer tissue over there so

this is really very important again

what is the difference between these two

that could be of two marks question that

can be asked in the examination so

please keep a note of this

moving ahead to the next

simple permanent issue what we have we

have the colon chimera

now let's quickly discuss about the

characteristic features of them

they are long and the living cells this

is really important they're a little bit

longer right and of course they're the

living cells they have a thick wall big

cell wall right they have in regular

thickening at the walls we can see

at the corners they have a little bit of

thickening right they have less

intracellular spaces and of course they

have large intracellular space over here

so of course when we talk about it now

we will not be considering this point

there are very less intracellular spaces

this is really really very important

over here as we can see

now the location they're usually found

in the climbers right now one of

climbers over here we have an example

those plant they'll climb that they're

that take a support of any structure and

of course they climb they found over

there and they are really very special

in providing the flexibility to the

plants i'm sure you must have seen right

during the straw you must have seen the

plants moving like this they'll just not

fly away right that's really very

important kolankayama gives the

flexibility to the plants and of course

it provides a mechanical support also

specifically if you're talking about it

provides the flexibility to the tendril

this is important you could quickly note

this down so that's about the colon

chyma so parenchyma and colon chimera

both are living tissues

now when i say that they're both are

living tissues do we have something kind

of dead tissue also let's find out right

the next we have in the simple permanent

tissue we have the sclerenchyma

now the characteristic features of them

are that they are long

and narrow dead cells yes

ah tissues can be dead also so in simple

permanent tissue we have two we have

parenchyme and colon gum which are

living tissue sclero on the other side

is a dead cells right they have

basically the dead cells they're long

and narrow and they're dead cells now

they have a very thick covering of a

chemical right of course that they have

the lignin this is important

right to their walls are being covered

with the lignin and that's why we call

them as thick lignified cell walls this

is very very important or a very

important characteristic feature of this

clarion chimera

and they have a very narrow human

the location we talk about they're

present in the hard coat of the

seeds right i'm sure you must have seeds

seen the seeds right

of course we have this current crime

over there then of course they're

present in the vascular

bundles also so of course when we talk

about the uh vascular bundles we'll be

quickly discussing in a minute so it's

present there also

the function comes that provides a

mechanical strength right they make the

seed coat hard and of course

give the woody appearance this is really

important when we talk about the seeds

right when we talk about the walnut

covering the coconut husk like the

covering of the coconut that's made of

the sphere and kaima right so you can

find more examples of it and you can

write in the comment section below when

we talk about the spiren karma there are

two different types we have the fibers

and we have these sclerites so of course

fibers of course we have it in the

coconut husk right and of course we have

in the vascular vascular bundles also

and we have sclerites

let's keep different types right of

course the one example that i could uh

now think of is they're present in the

uh

guava fruit right so you can do a little

bit more research on that and you'll be

so fascinated with this in interesting

and super amazing information so with

that we are kind of done with a simple

permanent tissue it has three types

parenchyma colon kaiman's clarion chyma

and we are done with it now what are we

moving ahead to the next important topic

that is protective issue now this

particular topic is a little bit

confusing

right uh so i would request you to focus

really right very closely and we'll be

focusing on we'll be learning this so we

have protective tissue and it has three

uh broad categories we have leaf

epidermis root epidermis and the core so

let's discuss about the leaf epidermis

so leaf epidermis when we talk about

what is the function of course the

outermost layer over here we can see

right so they're present on the

epidermis right of course on the leaves

very thin layer that is on top of it

actually make sure it protects the

leaves right of course we'll be looking

into the functions of it so of course

it's the outermost layer prevent the

water loss

prevent the mechanical damage and of

course prevent the invasion of the

parasites and of course it have the

so once the stomatas are present over

here they actually help in the exchange

of the gases right and of course it

actually help in the transpiration

process also

then when we talk about this stromat

over here

right over here from from here to here

they actually help in the gaseous

exchange and they regulate the water

loss also there are two important points

about the protective tissue especially

the lip epidermis over here the

functions where it is present over here

and then of course about the stromata so

please take a note of it

all on this also we have a very

very waxy coating layer which is called

as a cuticle so you can note that also

moving ahead to the root epidermis now

of course when you talk about the roots

they also have the epidermis and

basically they also contain these small

pure

right root hairs these very thin root

hairs now they actually help in

increasing the surface area for the

water absorption now the important role

of these roots here is to help in the

absorption of the water from the soil

right and then when they absorb the

water we're moving to the different

parts so this is really very important

over here we have the epidermis again it

provides re as it is a protective tissue

it is the outermost layer and it

provides the protection to the plants

right uh the species the other tissues

and the other cells that we have inside

apart from that so that's a role of the

root epidermis moving to the third type

which is kind of very confusing and

again a two marks question comes on this

particular topic is the cork cells

now they are found in the woody stem and

the old plants right old plants

now of course they're made up of the

protective tissue they reduce the water

loss and prevents the mechanical injury

so what happens the in the inside we

have the newer tissues right and of

course they get good amount of water and

food but as they keep on growing right

what happens they are being pushed away

from the center and they move to the

outside and as they move outside what

happens

of course they'll not be getting enough

water in the food and eventually these

cells will become dead and of course if

they form the very you know very very

rough and tough covering so over here

this is important apart from that a very

important one marks question that we

have over here is a chemical

that of course is this fibrin

right in this basically make the cork

cells impervious to water and gas

basically there will be no loss of water

again a very important point please take

a note of this so with this we are kind

of done with the protective tissues also

now we'll be moving ahead to the complex

permanent tissue but before that i want

you to try this by joe's mini learning

program that we have now with this

particular program what you can do you

can actually explore the buyers classes

there are two teacher advantage you can

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you just need to use the code yt first

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this in an amaze ning and i don't know

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check them out after the class not now

but after the class for sure

now let's move ahead to the

last permanent tissue right which

permanent tissue the complex permanent

tissue we have now the complex permanent

tissue will have different types of

cells coming together and they'll be

forming a tissue so we have tissues that

are made up of more than one type of

cells occur as a complex permanent

tissue and of course they are the

conducting tissues of the plant we have

two we have phloem and the xylem let's

talk about each one of them

we're starting with the xylem so xylem

is a very special conducting tissue

right and it is very very special

because it actually help in carrying the

water and

minerals right from the roots to the

different parts of the plant

the flow in the xylem is in only in one

particular direction that is from the

bottom to the top we call it as a

uni-directional this is important please

note this down

unidirectional right over here like this

you can write

now

let's talk about the different

components of it the first component we

have is a tracheed right

they have a very large dead cells over

here we can see the end of the placement

of the cells provide the continuous

channel of course through these of

course there's a continuous channel that

we have and of course these walls are

lignified and provide the mechanical

support very interesting right then the

next component we have is a vessel water

will be flowing through these right and

of course it's important so of course

water and minerals will flow through

these

cells are placed end to end they also

have a lignified cell walls right and of

course they make sure to have the proper

flow

then we have parenchyma now as the

parenchyma is there it will be storing

the stars in the fat right and it asses

for a small transportation distance

library if there's a small distance it

might help in the transportation and in

the end we have the fiber remember the

fiber from this clearance ima here we

have

now they're involved with the water

transport and they are the one that

provides the mechanical support so the

four important components of xylem are

trekkies vessels parenchyma and the

fiber out of these four

three are dead

yes eats vessel and fibers are dead

whereas only parenchyma is living so

this is a very important information

this is living right rest all are dead

now let's talk about the phloem here we

have now phloem plays a very important

role in the

transport of food the other one that

actually help in the transport of food

or the translocation of food and the

special thing about phloem is that

we will see

that the molecules will move in both the

direction from top to bottom and from

bottom to the top and that's why in

phloem we'll see the

bi-directional flow this is important

right in that we see the bi-directional

flow now this is a very important

information about it now let's talk

about the chloem components

here we have first we'll talk about the

sieve tubes now they are the elongated

cells right they're placed end-to-end

and of course they make a tubular

structure we can see over here now they

have these sieves in between through

which the molecules will move and they

are the ones that actually help in the

transportation of sugar and the nutrient

then we have the companion cells which

is very next to the sieve tubes they're

closely associated with the sieve tubes

and they control the activities also of

the sieve tubes then we have parenchyma

as of course it plays a very important

role in the storage of the food like

starch and of course we have the fibers

that provide the mechanical support now

over here in the phloem we have sieve

tubes companion cells and parenchyma

these three are living whereas fiber is

non-living

kind of opposite to the xylem right so

we have discussed about the xylem and of

course about the phloem with that i

think we can conclude our plant tissue

both the xylem and the phloem are really

very important and in the examination a

question can come on the difference

between the xylem and the lawyer so

please take a note of it with this i

would say we are at the end and before

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