Video Animasi Pembelajaran Sosiologi sebagai Ilmu yang Berparadigma Ganda Kelas 10 SMA

Summary

This video, presented by Hanifah Muslimah, explores sociology as a dual-paradigm science, focusing on three key paradigms: social fact, social definition, and social behavior. It highlights foundational figures like Emile Durkheim, Max Weber, and B.F. Skinner, explaining their contributions and relevant theories, such as structural functionalism, conflict theory, symbolic interactionism, phenomenology, behavioral sociology, and social exchange theory. Through practical examples—from paying taxes to social media influence—the video illustrates how individual actions, social norms, and interactions shape society. Viewers are encouraged to engage with practice questions to deepen their understanding of sociological paradigms and their real-world applications.

Takeaways

• 😀 Sociology is a dual paradigm science, which consists of different perspectives and theories to study social phenomena.
• 😀 A paradigm is a fundamental view or framework that shapes how a person perceives reality and approaches a field of science.
• 😀 The concept of 'paradigm' was popularized by Thomas Kuhn, while Robert Frederick provided a formal definition highlighting values that shape a person's mindset.
• 😀 The three main paradigms in sociology are: the social fact paradigm, the social definition paradigm, and the social behavior paradigm.
• 😀 The social fact paradigm, introduced by Emile Durkheim, studies social realities and facts, emphasizing structural functionalism and conflict theory.
• 😀 Structural functionalism sees society as an organism aiming for harmony and stability, exemplified by practices like paying taxes for communal benefit.
• 😀 Conflict theory, inspired by Karl Marx, highlights power struggles and competition for limited resources as central to social interaction.
• 😀 The social definition paradigm, initiated by Max Weber, focuses on understanding individual and group social actions based on subjective meanings, supported by the theory of action, symbolic interactionism, and phenomenology.
• 😀 The social behavior paradigm, developed from B.F. Skinner's behavioral psychology, examines how individuals interact with their environment and includes behavioral theory of sociology and social exchange theory.
• 😀 Social exchange theory emphasizes the elements of reciprocity, sacrifice, and benefit, explaining how individuals evaluate relationships based on perceived balance between what they give and receive.
• 😀 Overall, the paradigms provide different lenses to understand society, highlighting both collective structures and individual subjective experiences.

Q & A

Who is the speaker in the video?

The speaker in the video is Hanifah Muslimah.

What are the main learning objectives of the video?

The main learning objectives are to explain the paradigm of social facts, the paradigm of social definitions, and the paradigm of social behavior.

What is the meaning of a paradigm according to Robert Frederick?

According to Robert Frederick, a paradigm is a set of values that shape a person's mindset as a starting point for their views, forming a subjective image of reality that influences how they deal with reality.

Who initiated the social fact paradigm and what are its key concepts?

Emile Durkheim initiated the social fact paradigm, which studies social sciences through observable facts or realities in social life. It emphasizes structural functional theory and conflict theory.

Can you give an example of the social fact paradigm in society?

An example is paying taxes for the common good, which reflects structural functionalism, and the competition for power, which illustrates conflict theory.

Who initiated the social definition paradigm and what does it focus on?

Max Weber initiated the social definition paradigm, which focuses on understanding the meaning behind individual and group social actions from a subjective perspective.

What are the three theories under the social definition paradigm?

The three theories are the theory of action, symbolic interactionism theory, and phenomenology theory.

What is the social behavior paradigm and who developed it?

The social behavior paradigm was developed by B.F. Skinner. It applies principles of behavioral psychology to sociology, focusing on the relationship between individuals and their social and non-social environment.

What are the two theories under the social behavior paradigm?

The two theories are the behavioral theory of sociology, which examines the consequences of behavior in relation to the environment, and the social exchange theory, which focuses on reciprocity, sacrifice, and benefits in social relationships.

Why is sociology considered a science with a dual paradigm?

Sociology is considered a dual paradigm science because it encompasses different perspectives and sometimes conflicting views about society, represented by three main paradigms: social facts, social definitions, and social behavior, each supported by specific theoretical frameworks.

How does phenomenology theory help in understanding social actions?

Phenomenology theory studies a person's life experiences and how they subjectively interpret events, helping to understand the meaning individuals assign to social phenomena.

What role do social norms and values play in Max Weber's theory of action?

In Weber's theory of action, social norms and values guide and regulate individual behavior, ensuring that actions are aligned with broader societal expectations, not just personal goals.