Ekonomi Kelas 11 | Badan Usaha dalam Perekonomian di Indonesia

Summary

This video lesson explores the role of business entities in the Indonesian economy, covering BUMN (state-owned enterprises), BUMD (regionally owned enterprises), and BUMS (privately owned enterprises). It explains how these entities operate to seek profit, create jobs, and contribute to economic stability. The video also highlights the significance of cooperatives, their principles, and their role in strengthening the national economy. Key topics include the characteristics of each business entity type, examples of companies, and the benefits of joining cooperatives over risky loan sharks.

Takeaways

• 😀 A business entity is a legal, technical, and economic entity aiming to maximize profit while serving the community.
• 😀 BUMN (State-Owned Enterprises) are fully owned by the Indonesian government and are intended to stabilize the economy and improve public welfare.
• 😀 BUMN comes in two forms: Perum (state-owned, no shares distributed) and Persero (state-owned but with shares available to the public, with at least 51% government ownership).
• 😀 BUMD (Regionally-Owned Business Entities) are supervised by local governments and work to develop regional and national economies, focusing on sectors like public transportation and banking.
• 😀 BUMS (Privately Owned Business Entities) are operated by private individuals or sectors, and profits belong entirely to the owners.
• 😀 Cooperatives are a people's economic movement based on cooperative principles, offering advantages like fair distribution of profits and a democratic management system.
• 😀 The seven principles of cooperatives include voluntary membership, democratic management, fair profit distribution, limited capital compensation, family-oriented operations, cooperative education, and independence.
• 😀 There are five types of cooperatives: savings and loan, consumer, producer, service, and marketing cooperatives.
• 😀 Cooperatives aim to develop the economic potential of their members, improve their quality of life, and strengthen the national economy based on family and democratic principles.
• 😀 To form a primary cooperative, at least 20 people are required, while a secondary cooperative can be formed by at least three cooperatives.
• 😀 Joining a cooperative helps protect against loan sharks and their predatory practices, offering a safer alternative for financial support.

Q & A

What is the definition of a business entity according to the video?

A business entity is a legal, technical, and economic organization that seeks to generate as much profit as possible while serving the community.

What are the main characteristics of a business entity?

The main characteristics include being profit-oriented, using capital and labor, and being operated under the leadership of an entrepreneur.

What does BUMN stand for and what is its main purpose?

BUMN stands for State-Owned Enterprises in Indonesia. Its main purpose is to stabilize the economy, improve public welfare, and create employment opportunities.

What are the two forms of BUMN and how do they differ?

The two forms are Perum and Persero. Perum manages public facilities and is fully state-owned with no shares distributed to others. Persero is partially open to private ownership, but at least 51% of its shares must be owned by the government.

Can you give examples of Perum and Persero companies?

Examples of Perum include Perum Bulog, Perum Damri, and Perum Peruri. Examples of Persero include PT PLN, PT BRI, PT Kimia Farma, and PT Pertamina.

What is BUMD and what are its objectives?

BUMD is a regionally-owned business entity supervised by local governments. Its objectives include developing regional and national economies and meeting community needs.

What are some examples of BUMD enterprises?

Examples include public transportation like TransJakarta, regional banks like Bank Jateng, and water supply companies like PDAM.

What defines privately owned business entities (BUMS) in Indonesia?

Privately owned business entities are operated by individuals or private sectors, not the government, and all profits belong to the owner.

What are cooperatives and what is their main principle?

Cooperatives are business entities whose members are individuals or other cooperatives, operating based on cooperative principles and the family-based economic movement. They focus on democracy, fairness, independence, education, and mutual benefit.

What are the types and functions of cooperatives?

Types include savings and loan cooperatives, consumer cooperatives, producer cooperatives, service cooperatives, and marketing cooperatives. Their functions are to develop members’ economic potential, improve quality of life, and strengthen the people’s economy as the basis of national economic strength.

What are the requirements for forming a cooperative?

A primary cooperative requires at least 20 members, while a secondary cooperative requires at least three existing cooperatives. Formation requires a deed of establishment and articles of association.

Why is it recommended to join cooperatives instead of borrowing from loan sharks?

Joining cooperatives avoids dangers like high compound interest, unclear repayment dates, aggressive collection methods, and potential seizure of property, while promoting fair financial practices and community support.