Ilmu qiroat 1. Pengerrtian dan landasan perbedaan bacaan Al Qur'an

Summary

In this introduction to the Qiraat Science course, the speaker explains the foundational principles of the science of Qiraat, which focuses on the correct pronunciation of Quranic verses. The science is based on authentic transmissions from the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), ensuring the accuracy of recitations. The speaker highlights key conditions for valid recitations: they must be mutawatir (widely transmitted), in accordance with Arabic language rules, and aligned with the writing system of Uthman. The legality of various readings is grounded in a hadith that confirms the Prophet received multiple readings from Jibril, culminating in the seven recitations of the Quran.

Takeaways

• 😀 The science of Qiraat is related to how to pronounce the verses of the Qur'an based on authentic historical transmission from the Prophet Muhammad (saw).
• 😀 The first condition for a reading to be accepted in Qiraat science is that it must be mutawatir, meaning it was narrated by many people from the Prophet.
• 😀 The second condition is that the reading must align with the Arabic language, as the Qur'an was revealed in Arabic.
• 😀 The third condition is that the reading must match the writing style of the Ottoman Rasam, which was standardized during the time of Uthman bin Affan.
• 😀 The legality of Qiraat science is supported by the hadith where the Prophet Muhammad (saw) mentioned Jibril reading the Qur'an in different versions, eventually leading to seven variations (Sab'ah Ahruf).
• 😀 The seven readings of the Qur'an, as revealed to the Prophet, are not arbitrary, but follow the authentic history and tradition passed down through generations.
• 😀 The variations in reading the Qur'an are not to be added freely but must remain within the scope of the original revelation as guided by the Prophet (saw).
• 😀 Each Qiraat reading has been carefully passed down through generations of scholars who are responsible for ensuring its authenticity and accuracy.
• 😀 The process of teaching Qiraat science involves rigorous transmission from teacher to student, ensuring a continuous chain of knowledge leading back to the Prophet Muhammad (saw).
• 😀 The session serves as an introduction to Qiraat science, laying the groundwork for further study in this important area of Islamic scholarship.

Q & A

What is the science of Qiraat?

The science of Qiraat is the study of how to pronounce or recite the verses of the Qur'an based on authentic transmission from the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alaihi wasallam). It focuses on the correct pronunciation and recitation methods of the Qur'an.

What does 'mutawatir' mean in the context of Qiraat?

'Mutawatir' refers to a narration that has been transmitted by a large group of people at each stage of transmission, making it impossible for them to have colluded. In Qiraat, this term indicates that the recitations of the Qur'an were transmitted by many individuals and are accepted as authentic.

Why is the period of Abu Bakr and Uthman significant in the history of the Qur'an?

During the time of Abu Bakr, the initial compilation of the Qur'an was carried out, while during Uthman's rule, the writing of the Qur'an was standardized and compiled into the form we recognize today, known as the Ottoman Rasam.

What does the term 'Ottoman Rasam' refer to?

The 'Ottoman Rasam' refers to the standardized script of the Qur'an that was compiled during the caliphate of Uthman ibn Affan. This script was used to unify the Qur'anic text and ensure consistency in its reading.

What is the second condition for a recitation to be accepted in Qiraat?

The second condition is that the recitation must be in accordance with the Arabic language, as the Qur'an was revealed in Arabic. The pronunciation and recitation must align with the rules of the Arabic language.

What role does the writing of Uthman play in the validity of Qiraat?

The writing of Uthman, or the Ottoman Rasam, serves as a standard for how the Qur'an should be written and read. Any recitation must align with this standardized script in order to be considered valid.

What is the hadith that supports the legitimacy of Qiraat science?

The hadith that supports the legitimacy of Qiraat science is one in which the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alaihi wasallam) says, 'Jibril read the Qur'an to me in one version, and I asked him to add another, and he did, until it ended with seven readings (Sab'ah Ahruf).'

How many versions of Qur'anic recitation are allowed according to the hadith?

According to the hadith, there are seven versions of Qur'anic recitation, known as 'Sab'ah Ahruf', each representing a different way of reading the Qur'an, revealed by Jibril to the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alaihi wasallam).

What does the hadith about Jibril's recitation teach about the Qur'an?

The hadith shows that the Qur'an can be recited in multiple versions, as revealed by Jibril to the Prophet Muhammad. However, it does not mean that new variants can be added; only those authentic and passed down through scholars are accepted.

How is the knowledge of Qiraat passed down through generations?

The knowledge of Qiraat is passed down carefully from teacher to student, with each generation ensuring that the recitations are authentic and in line with the standards set by the scholars of Qiraat. This transmission is rigorous and held to high standards of responsibility.