Stick Welding Basics: Full Tutorial

Summary

This video offers a comprehensive guide to stick welding, starting from the basics of the welding process to essential techniques. The presenter explains how stick welding works, the importance of equipment like electrodes, welding machines, and safety gear. The tutorial covers electrode types, settings, and detailed welding techniques, such as arc striking, electrode angle, and movement. With practical advice on selecting the right electrode, setting the machine, and perfecting technique, the video provides both beginners and hobbyists with the knowledge needed to successfully weld. Additionally, the presenter shares insights into common weld joints and effective practices.

Takeaways

• 😀 Stick welding uses electrical arcs to melt two pieces of material together, creating a strong joint.
• 😀 The electrode’s coating, called flux, protects the molten weld pool from the surrounding atmosphere.
• 😀 There are two main types of welding machines: transformer machines and inverter machines, with inverter machines being more compact and efficient.
• 😀 It’s important to choose the right electrode for the welding machine, considering whether it uses AC or DC.
• 😀 Essential gear for stick welding includes a quality auto-darkening welding hood, gloves, and a fire-resistant jacket.
• 😀 Always consider using a respirator or fume extractor to handle welding fumes, which can be hazardous.
• 😀 Electrodes are marked with a four-digit code that indicates weld strength, position compatibility, and flux type.
• 😀 Common types of electrodes include cellulosic (good for rusty metal), rutile (general-purpose), and basic (smooth welds, like 7018).
• 😀 The machine settings and electrode size influence the welding process, with thickness and position being important factors.
• 😀 Striking an arc can be tricky, and practice is necessary to avoid the electrode from sticking to the workpiece.
• 😀 Welding technique involves maintaining the right arc length, electrode angle, and travel speed to ensure strong, smooth welds.

Q & A

What is the basic process of stick welding?

Stick welding involves two pieces of material that are joined by melting them using an electrical arc. The heat generated by the arc melts both the workpieces and the electrode, which adds metal to the weld pool, creating a strong joint.

How do the welding electrodes work during the process?

The welding electrodes have a coating called flux, which protects the molten weld pool from atmospheric contamination. The electrode melts during the process, adding metal to the weld pool for reinforcement.

What are the differences between Transformer and Inverter welding machines?

Transformer machines are larger, heavier, and typically use alternating current (AC). They convert household voltage to a lower voltage with high current for welding. Inverter machines are smaller, more compact, and use advanced electronics to provide high-frequency adjustments for better control, often using direct current (DC).

Why is it important to know whether a welding machine uses AC or DC?

It’s crucial to know whether a welding machine uses AC or DC because it influences the choice of electrode. Some electrodes work better with DC, while others are designed for use with AC, affecting the overall quality and ease of welding.

What equipment is necessary to get started with stick welding?

Essential equipment includes a good quality welding hood (preferably auto-darkening), welding gloves, a welding jacket (preferably fire-resistant cotton), and a respirator for enclosed spaces. Additionally, tools like a chipping hammer, wire brush, and a fume extractor are important for safety and cleanliness.

What does the four-digit code on a welding electrode indicate?

The first two digits of the electrode code indicate the strength of the weld metal in thousands of pounds per square inch. The third digit indicates the positions in which the electrode can weld, with '1' meaning it can weld in all positions. The fourth digit refers to the type of flux or electrode.

What is the difference between 6010 and 6011 welding electrodes?

The main difference between 6010 and 6011 electrodes is their compatibility with AC or DC current. While both produce a deep cutting arc suitable for root passes, 6011 can run on AC, while 6010 is typically used with DC.

What makes the 7018 electrode a popular choice for welding?

The 7018 electrode is favored because it runs smoothly, produces a nice bead appearance, and has slag that is easy to remove. It’s commonly used for its reliability and ease of use, though it can be harder to start if the electrode has been used previously.

How do you strike an arc in stick welding?

To strike an arc, touch the end of the electrode to the workpiece, which creates a spark that ionizes the air. This allows the welding arc to start. You can either tap the electrode or strike it like a match, depending on your technique.

What are the key factors to focus on for successful stick welding technique?

The key factors include arc length (the distance between the electrode and the workpiece), electrode angle (which should be adjusted based on the joint and welding position), and travel speed (which controls the size of the weld and prevents overheating or under-deposition of material).