BELAJAR BAHASA JERMAN (Part 16) : IMPERATIV (Kalimat Perintah)

Summary

This video introduces the concept of the imperative form in German grammar, explaining its three main variations: Duform (informal singular), Ihrform (informal plural), and Sieform (formal). It covers how to give commands using verbs, with examples for regular, irregular, and separable verbs. The video explains the conjugation of verbs in each form, providing practical examples and tips on how to soften commands using polite expressions like 'bitte'. Viewers learn how to use these forms in different contexts to effectively give orders or requests in German.

Takeaways

• 😀 Imperative sentences in German come in three forms: du-form (you, informal singular), ihr-form (you, informal plural), and Sie-form (you, formal).
• 😀 When giving commands to one person, you use the 'du-form' (informal). Example: 'Mach die Hausaufgaben!' (Do your homework!).
• 😀 For giving commands to multiple people, use the 'ihr-form' (informal plural). Example: 'Macht die Hausaufgaben!' (Do your homework!).
• 😀 The 'Sie-form' (formal) is used when giving commands to someone you address respectfully. Example: 'Machen Sie die Hausaufgaben!' (Do your homework!).
• 😀 Imperative sentences can use regular verbs (e.g., 'essen' – to eat) or irregular verbs (e.g., 'sprechen' – to speak) in their base form.
• 😀 For regular verbs in the 'du-form', simply use the verb stem (e.g., 'essen' becomes 'Iss!').
• 😀 For irregular verbs in the 'du-form', you need to adjust the vowel changes (e.g., 'sprechen' becomes 'Sprich!').
• 😀 In the 'ihr-form', for regular and irregular verbs, the verb stem stays the same, and you add 't' (e.g., 'essen' becomes 'Esst!' and 'sprechen' becomes 'Sprecht!').
• 😀 The 'Sie-form' is formed by taking the verb stem and adding 'en', then combining it with the formal pronoun 'Sie' (e.g., 'essen' becomes 'Essen Sie!' for formal commands).
• 😀 Imperative sentences with separable verbs (e.g., 'aufstehen' – to stand up) place the prefix at the end in the command form (e.g., 'Steh auf!' – Stand up!).

Q & A

What is the topic of the video script?

The topic of the video is about the imperative form in German, specifically how to form and use imperative sentences in different forms for different pronouns.

What are the three forms of the imperative in German mentioned in the video?

The three forms of the imperative in German mentioned are 'duform' (informal singular), 'earphone' (informal plural), and 'ziform' (formal singular or plural).

What is the difference between the 'duform' and 'earphone' forms in the imperative?

'Duform' is used when giving a command to a single person informally, while 'earphone' is used when giving a command to multiple people informally.

What is the 'ziform' form of the imperative used for?

'Ziform' is used when addressing someone formally, either in singular or plural form, and it is a respectful way to give commands.

Can you give an example of an imperative sentence in the 'duform'?

An example of an imperative sentence in 'duform' is 'Mah Pitu di House of couple' ('Do your homework').

What does 'ziform' form look like in an imperative sentence with the verb 'sprechen' (to speak)?

'Ziform' for the verb 'sprechen' would be 'Sprechen Sie laut' ('Speak loudly'). This is the formal form used for addressing someone with respect.

What happens to the verb form in the 'earphone' form of the imperative?

In the 'earphone' form, the verb typically ends in 't' or 'et' for regular verbs, and it is used when addressing a group of people informally.

What is the rule for forming the imperative with regular verbs (regelmäßige Verben)?

For regular verbs, the imperative is formed by using the stem of the verb and adding 'e' for 'duform', 't' for 'earphone', or 'en' for 'ziform'.

How do irregular verbs (unregelmäßige Verben) behave in the imperative form?

Irregular verbs may have changes in their vowel sounds in the imperative form. For example, 'essen' (to eat) becomes 'Iss!' in the 'duform' (informal singular).

What is the role of the verb 'kaufen' (to buy) in the 'duform' and 'earphone' forms of the imperative?

In the 'duform', the verb 'kaufen' becomes 'Kauf!' (Buy!), while in the 'earphone' form, it changes to 'Kauft!' (Buy! for multiple people).