Los nombres o sustantivos en español
Summary
TLDRThis Spanish language lesson focuses on the use of nouns and proper nouns in Spanish. It explains that nouns name things, people, animals, entities, and concepts, and are categorized into proper and common nouns. Proper nouns are always capitalized, such as 'Eduardo' for a name or 'Canadá' for a country. Common nouns are in lowercase, unless starting a sentence, like 'ingeniero' for a profession or 'mesa' for an object. Nouns have gender in Spanish, with masculine nouns often ending in 'o', 'aje', 'on', 'r', and feminine nouns in 'a', 'ión', 'sión', 'dad', 'tat'. There are exceptions and neutral nouns that can be both masculine and feminine, ending in 'ista'. The lesson also covers the formation of plurals for nouns ending in consonants, 'z', and vowels, with examples provided. The session concludes with practice phrases to reinforce the concepts taught.
Takeaways
- 📚 The lesson is about nouns in Spanish, which are used to name things, people, animals, entities, and concepts.
- 🔤 Nouns in Spanish can be divided into two main groups: proper nouns and common nouns.
- 📝 Proper nouns are always capitalized, such as 'Eduardo' (a name), 'Rodríguez' (a surname), 'Canadá' (a country), and 'Unidas' (an entity).
- 🔡 Common nouns are written in lowercase, except at the beginning of a sentence, and include professions like 'ingeniero', animals like 'águila', objects like 'mesa', and entities like 'hospital'.
- 👦👧 Nouns in Spanish have gender, and are classified as masculine or feminine. There are also gender-neutral nouns that can be used as either masculine or feminine.
- 🚹 Masculine nouns typically end in 'o', 'aje', 'on', or 'r', and their plurals are formed by adding 's', like 'carro' to 'carros'.
- 🚺 Feminine nouns often end in 'a' and certain endings like 'ión', 'sión', 'ión', 'dat', and 'tat'. Their plurals are formed similarly, like 'casa' to 'casas'.
- 🌐 Gender-neutral nouns can be used for both masculine and feminine and often end in 'ista', such as 'tenista', 'artista', and 'especialista'.
- 🔄 There are exceptions to the gender and ending rules, such as masculine nouns ending in 'a' like 'día' and feminine nouns ending in 'o' like 'mano'.
- 📚 The plural of nouns is formed differently depending on their ending: consonants add 's', 'z' changes to 'ces', and vowels simply add 's'.
- 📝 Practice sentences are provided for learners to apply the concepts learned about nouns and their plural forms in Spanish.
Q & A
What is the purpose of nouns in the Spanish language?
-Nouns in Spanish are used to name things, people, animals, entities, and concepts.
How are nouns categorized in Spanish?
-Nouns in Spanish are categorized into two main groups: proper nouns and common nouns.
Should proper nouns always be capitalized in Spanish?
-Yes, proper nouns should always be written with a capital letter in Spanish.
What are some examples of proper nouns in Spanish?
-Examples of proper nouns include names like Eduardo, surnames like Rodríguez, countries like Canadá, and entities like Unidas.
How are common nouns written in Spanish?
-Common nouns are written in lowercase in Spanish, except when they are at the beginning of a sentence.
What is the difference between masculine and feminine nouns in Spanish?
-In Spanish, nouns have gender. Masculine nouns typically end in 'o', 'aje', 'on', 'r', while feminine nouns usually end in 'a', 'ión', 'sión', 'dad', 'tud'.
What are some examples of masculine nouns ending in 'o'?
-Examples of masculine nouns ending in 'o' include 'carro' (car), 'paisaje' (landscape), 'corazón' (heart), and 'profesor' (teacher).
How do you form the plural of masculine nouns ending in 'o'?
-To form the plural of masculine nouns ending in 'o', you add 's' to the end, like 'carros', 'paisajes', 'corazones', and 'profesores'.
What are some examples of feminine nouns ending in 'a'?
-Examples of feminine nouns ending in 'a' include 'casa' (house), 'canción' (song), 'extensión' (extension), 'verdad' (truth), and 'libertad' (freedom).
How do you form the plural of feminine nouns ending in 'a'?
-To form the plural of feminine nouns ending in 'a', you change 'a' to 'as', like 'casas', 'canciones', 'extensiones', 'verdades', and 'libertades'.
What are some examples of neutral nouns that can be used as both masculine and feminine?
-Examples of neutral nouns include 'tenista' (tennis player), 'artista' (artist), and 'especialista' (specialist).
How do you form the plural of neutral nouns that can be used as both masculine and feminine?
-The plural of neutral nouns is formed by adding 's' to the end, like 'tenistas', 'artistas', and 'especialistas'.
What are some exceptions to the gender rules for nouns ending in 'a' and 'o'?
-Some exceptions include masculine nouns ending in 'a' like 'día' (day), 'papá' (dad), 'programa' (program), 'sistema' (system), and 'problema' (problem), and feminine nouns ending in 'o' like 'mano' (hand), 'foto' (photo), and 'moto' (motorcycle).
How do you form the plural of nouns ending in consonants in Spanish?
-Nouns ending in consonants like 'l', 'n', 'd', 'r', 's', and 'e' add 'es' to form the plural, for example, 'árbol' becomes 'árboles', 'pan' becomes 'panes', and 'ciudad' becomes 'ciudades'.
What happens to nouns ending in 'z' when forming the plural in Spanish?
-Nouns ending in 'z' change to 'ces' when forming the plural, for example, 'lápiz' becomes 'lápices'.
How do nouns ending in vowels form their plural in Spanish?
-Nouns ending in vowels simply add 's' to form the plural, like 'mesa' becomes 'mesas', 'gato' becomes 'gatos', 'taxi' becomes 'taxis', and 'madre' becomes 'madres'.
Outlines
📚 Introduction to Spanish Nouns
This paragraph introduces the concept of nouns in Spanish, explaining their function to name things, people, animals, entities, and concepts. It distinguishes between proper nouns, which are always capitalized, and common nouns, which are usually lowercase unless they begin a sentence. The paragraph also delves into the gender of nouns, highlighting that they can be masculine, feminine, or neutral, and provides examples of nouns ending in different letters to illustrate their gender. Additionally, it mentions exceptions to the typical gender rules, such as masculine nouns ending in 'a' and feminine nouns ending in 'o', with examples like 'día' (day) and 'mano' (hand).
📘 Formation of Plurals in Spanish
This paragraph focuses on the formation of plurals in Spanish nouns and words. It categorizes nouns based on their endings: consonants, 'z', and vowels. For nouns ending in consonants, an 's' is added to form the plural, as seen with 'árbol' becoming 'árboles'. Nouns ending in 'z' change to 'ces', exemplified by 'lápiz' turning into 'lápices'. Vowel-ending nouns simply add an 's' to become plural, such as 'mesa' becoming 'mesas'. The paragraph also provides examples of plural formation for nouns ending in different vowels. Lastly, it includes a practice section with sentences featuring various nouns in their singular and plural forms, and professions, to help learners apply the rules of pluralization in context.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Noun
💡Proper Noun
💡Common Noun
💡Gender
💡Neuter Noun
💡Plural Formation
💡Exception to Gender
💡Article
💡Adjective Agreement
💡Contextual Usage
Highlights
Introduction to the Spanish noun and its function to name things, people, animals, entities, and concepts.
Nouns in Spanish are divided into proper nouns and common nouns.
Proper nouns are always capitalized, such as names, surnames, countries, and entities.
Common nouns are written in lowercase, except at the beginning of a sentence.
Spanish nouns have gender, categorized as masculine, feminine, or neutral.
Masculine nouns often end in -o, -aje, -on, and -r.
Feminine nouns typically end in -a and certain suffixes like -sión, -sión, -dad, -tud.
Neutral nouns can be used as both masculine and feminine and often end in -ista.
Exceptions to noun gender include masculine nouns ending in -a and feminine nouns ending in -o.
Examples of masculine nouns ending in -a include 'día' (day), 'papá' (dad), 'programa' (program).
Examples of feminine nouns ending in -o include 'mano' (hand), 'foto' (photo), 'moto' (motorbike).
Formation of plural nouns in Spanish based on their endings.
Nouns ending in consonants add -es or -s to form plurals.
Nouns ending in -z change to -ces in the plural form.
Nouns ending in vowels simply add an -s to form plurals.
Practice phrases provided for language learners to apply the concepts learned.
Examples of professions and nationalities used in practice sentences.
Instructions for learners to practice with the provided sentences.
Transcripts
Hola Qué tal amigos bienvenidos
nuevamente al curso de español hoy vamos
a hablar del nombre o sustantivo en
español el nombre o sustantivo sirve
para nombrar las cosas las personas los
animales las entidades y los conceptos
el nombre o sustantivo también puede
dividirse en dos grandes grupos los
nombres o sustantivos propios y los
nombres y sustantivos
comunes los nombres y sustantivos
propios siempre deben escribirse con
mayúscula Como por ejemplo
Eduardo un nombre Rodríguez un
apellido Canadá un
país nación
unidas una
entidad los nombres comunes se escriben
con minúsculas Excepto si van al
comienzo de una frase y así tenemos
ingeniero una profesión que designa una
persona
águila un
animal mesa un
objeto
hospital entidad y cuadrado que puede
ser un concepto el sustantivo en el
español tiene género por eso Las
palabras se dividen en sustantivos
masculino o sustantivo
femenino también existen sustantivos que
tienen un valor neutro ya lo explico es
decir que se aplican en tanto que
femenino en tanto que
masculino los sustantivos masculinos
Generalmente terminan en o en aje en on
y en r por ejemplo el carro el paisaje
el corazón el profesor y sus plurales
serán los carros los paisajes
los corazones y los
profesores en cuanto al sustantivo
femenino este termina normalmente en a y
en las terminaciones siion siion dat tat
Como por ejemplo la casa la
canción
extensión verdad libertad o en su forma
plural Las Casas Las canciones las
extensiones las verdades las
libertades en cuanto al género neutro
que se aplican para el género masculino
y femenino estos sustantivos se
identifican por su terminación en ista
por ejemplo el tenista o la tenista
el artista o la artista el especialista
o la especialista y sus plurales
son los tenistas las
tenistas los artistas las
artistas los
especialistas las
especialistas ahora veamos las
excepciones que existen al escribir los
sustantivos en cuanto al género Así
diremos que existen palabras o
sustantivos que terminan en a y que son
masculinas y palabras que terminan en o
y que son femeninas
veamos el día es una palabra masculina
que termina en a
el
papá el
programa el
sistema el problema y sus plurales los
días los papás los
programas los sistemas y los
problemas en cuanto a las femeninas que
terminan en o tenemos por ejemplo la
mano la foto la moto estas dos últimas
son contracciones de las palabras
femeninas la fotografía y la motocicleta
es por eso que se dice la foto la moto y
sus plurales son los siguientes las
manos las fotos las motos
por último veamos Cómo se forma el
plural de los sustantivos y de las
palabras en español para eso vamos a
dividir las palabras según sus
terminaciones las que terminan en
consonantes las que terminan en Z y las
que terminan en
vocales las que terminan en las
consonantes l
n d r s e y van a aumentar la sílaba
es por ejemplo el árbol los
árboles el pan los
panes la ciudad las
ciudades el mar los
mares el mes los meses
y la ley las leyes como vemos estas
palabras añaden e
s las palabras que terminan en Z van a
Añadir para hacerse plural van a pasar a
la
forma
lápices por ejemplo el lápiz los
lápices se añade c e s la sílaba ces la
z es sustituida por ces y las que
terminan en vocales forman su plural
añadiendo simplemente la s veamos las
que terminan en a en la vocal a como
mesa mesas las que terminan en o gato
gatos las que terminan en I taxi taxis
las que terminan en e madre madres estas
como vemos añaden solamente la s Esa es
la manera cómo se forma el plural en el
español en esta parte de la lección del
sustantivo vamos a practicar algunas
frases Pilar es
artista Manuel es
periodista Jorge es
cocinero Silvia es
médico Gabriela es
profesora la tenista es
estadounidense el tenista es
suizo el lápiz es
rojo los lápices de
colores el problema Está
resuelto la foto es de
Carlos muy bien amigos Ahora me despido
esperando tenerlos en la próxima lección
no olviden que aquí abajo en la
descripción tienen las frases para
practicar esta semana
5.0 / 5 (0 votes)