FRANCE is the Worst of the colonialists / PLO Lumumba. EP 5: Beware of France
Summary
TLDRCe script explore l'histoire complexe de l'Amérique latine, des civilisations préhispaniques aux impacts de la colonisation et de l'esclavage. Il décrit comment les civilisations arawak et les Aztèques ont été dévastées par les Espagnols et comment l'esclavage a été introduit après avoir décimé les populations locales. Il mentionne également la diversité ethnique résultant de l'immigration et de l'assimilation, ainsi que les défis politiques et économiques. L'influence des idéaux révolutionnaires et socialistes est également abordée, illustrant comment ces mouvements ont façonné les politiques sociales et l'égalité en Amérique latine.
Takeaways
- 🌏 L'Amérique latine, y compris le Mexique, l'Amérique centrale et les Caraïbes, a une histoire marquée par la découverte par Christophe Colomb qui l'a appelée 'nouveau monde'.
- 🏰 Les civilisations autochtones telles que les Aztèques, les Mayas et les Arawak étaient bien établies avant l'arrivée des Espagnols et des Portugais.
- ⛓️ L'esclavage a été introduit en raison de la dépopulation délibérée des peuples locaux par des actions militaires et des maladies apportées par les colonisateurs.
- 👥 Les populations africaines ont été amenées dans ces régions après l'extermination des populations locales, contribuant à la diversité ethnique actuelle.
- 🌾 Les Caraïbes et les pays d'Amérique latine étaient riches en ressources telles que le sucre, le café et les bananes, ce qui a conduit à l'installation de cultures et d'industries spécifiques.
- 🗝️ La décolonisation a marqué le début de l'indépendance pour de nombreux pays d'Amérique latine, avec des figures historiques comme Simón Bolívar jouant un rôle clé.
- 💔 L'histoire de l'esclavage et de la colonisation a laissé des cicatrices profondes, comme en témoigne la situation actuelle du pays d'Haïti.
- 🏛️ La France est présentée comme l'un des pires colonisateurs en raison de sa politique d'assimilation et de son arrogance.
- 🔄 L'Amérique latine a souvent opté pour des systèmes plus égalitaires et socialistes, en réaction contre le capitalisme européen.
- 🕊️ Certains pays comme le Costa Rica ont réussi à instaurer des systèmes de soins de santé et d'éducation gratuits, malgré une dépendance à des exportations comme le café et le tourisme.
- 🌐 L'Amérique latine a été influencée par l'esprit de révolution et a souvent résisté aux interventions étrangères, en particulier américaines.
Q & A
Pourquoi l'Amérique du Sud est-elle parfois appelée Amérique latine?
-L'Amérique du Sud est parfois appelée Amérique latine en raison de l'influence culturelle et historique de l'Espagne et du Portugal, qui ont colonisé la majeure partie de la région et y ont apporté leur langue et d'autres aspects de leur culture.
Quel est le rôle de Christophe Colomb dans l'histoire de la découverte de ce qui est maintenant appelé le Nouveau Monde?
-Christophe Colomb est considéré comme le 'découvreur' du Nouveau Monde, bien qu'il ait effectivement été en quête d'un nouveau chemin vers l'Inde et se soit perdu en atteignant l'Amérique au lieu de l'Est. Il a appelé les autochtones américains 'les Indiens rouges', pensant être arrivé en Inde.
Quels sont les empires et les peuples mentionnés dans le script qui existaient en Amérique avant la venue des colonisateurs européens?
-Les empires et les peuples mentionnés dans le script incluent les Mayas, les Aztèques au Mexique, et les Arawak qui se trouvaient dans des régions qui sont aujourd'hui le Honduras, la Colombie, le Costa Rica, le Panama et le Nicaragua.
Comment les colons européens ont-ils traité les populations autochtones après leur arrivée en Amérique?
-Les colons européens ont souvent traité les populations autochtones avec violence, les décimant par des actions militaires et la propagation de maladies pour lesquelles les autochtones n'étaient pas immunisés.
Quelle est la relation entre la traite des esclaves et la colonisation en Amérique latine?
-La traite des esclaves a été utilisée pour compenser la diminution des populations autochtones suite à la colonisation. Les colons ont apporté des esclaves d'Afrique pour remplir les besoins de main-d'œuvre dans leurs colonies, y compris pour la culture du sucre et du café.
Quels sont les pays européens qui ont colonisé différentes parties de l'Amérique latine?
-Les Espagnols, les Portugais, les Anglais, les Français et même les Hollandais ont colonisé différentes parties de l'Amérique latine, chacun établissant leur présence dans des régions spécifiques.
Quel est le lien entre la période de décolonisation et les mouvements pour l'indépendance dans les pays d'Amérique latine?
-La période de décolonisation a vu de nombreux pays d'Amérique latine se libérer des pouvoirs colonisateurs européens et gagner leur indépendance. Des figures historiques comme Simón Bolívar et Ernesto 'Che' Guevara ont joué un rôle clé dans ces mouvements.
Comment le script décrit-il l'impact de l'esclavage et de la colonisation sur les sociétés contemporaines?
-Le script souligne que l'impact de l'esclavage et de la colonisation est toujours présent dans les sociétés contemporaines, affectant la structure sociale, économique et politique de ces pays, et est un élément important de leur histoire et de leur identité culturelle.
Pourquoi le script mentionne-t-il la situation actuelle en Haïti comme un exemple des conséquences de l'esclavage et de la colonisation?
-La situation actuelle en Haïti est présentée comme un exemple des conséquences durables de l'esclavage et de la colonisation, montrant comment la pauvreté, la violence et l'instabilité peuvent être le résultat de ces périodes tragiques de l'histoire.
Quels sont les aspects de l'histoire coloniale française que le script critique particulièrement?
-Le script critique l'assimilation forcée par la France dans ses colonies, son arrogance et son refus de reconnaître l'indépendance et l'égalité des peuples colonisés, ainsi que son rôle dans la création de situations instables et de pauvreté persistante après l'indépendance.
Quel est le rôle de la révolution bolivarienne et des figures comme Hugo Chávez et Evo Morales dans l'histoire politique de l'Amérique latine moderne?
-La révolution bolivarienne et des figures comme Hugo Chávez au Venezuela et Evo Morales en Bolivie représentent un esprit de résistance et de changement social, reflétant un désir d'indépendance et d'égalité qui a été un fil conducteur de l'histoire politique de l'Amérique latine.
Outlines
🌏 Histoire de l'Amérique latine et de la Caraïbe
Le premier paragraphe aborde l'histoire complexe de l'Amérique latine, de l'Amérique centrale et des Caraïbes. Il mentionne l'arrivée des Espagnols et de Christopher Colomb, qui a appelé les autochtones 'Indiens rouges' en croyant être en Inde. Le texte souligne l'existence de civilisations prospères telles que les Mayas, les Aztékas et les Arawaks avant la conquête espagnole et portugaise. La suite décrit comment ces populations ont été décimées par la guerre et les maladies apportées par les colonisateurs, conduisant à l'esclavage des Africains amenés pour remplacer la main-d'œuvre locale. Les paragraphes finaux décrivent la diversité ethnique résultant de l'immigration des anciens esclaves et la situation actuelle de certains peuples autochtones comme les Garifuna.
📚 L'ère sucrière et les conséquences de l'esclavage
Ce paragraphe se concentre sur l'importance de la canne à sucre et de la production de bananes dans les Caraïbes et en Amérique centrale, qui ont attiré les puissances européennes. Il explique comment ces régions sont devenues des 'Banana Republics' et les lieux de travail des esclaves. Le texte mentionne également la période de décolonisation et les luttes menées par des leaders comme Simón Bolívar pour l'indépendance. Il souligne également les pratiques d'esclavage persistantes après l'abolition officielle, et comment les anciens maîtres exerçaient toujours un contrôle sur les esclaves affranchis.
🇭🇹 L'indépendance et les défis du Haïti
Le troisième paragraphe traite de l'histoire du Haïti, le premier pays africain à regagner son indépendance, et de son héro national, TOussaint Louverture, qui a défait Napoléon. Il décrit les conséquences de cette victoire, notamment le traité de 1890 imposant au Haïti de payer des réparations à la France. Le texte aborde également l'occupation américaine et les tyrans qui ont suivi, causant des souffrances et une pauvreté chroniques. Il souligne l'instabilité et la violence qui ont marqué le pays depuis, et la situation actuelle marquée par la présence de gangs et un manque de gouvernance.
🏰 L'impact de la colonisation française
Dans ce paragraphe, l'auteur se concentre sur la colonisation française et son impact durable sur les pays d'Afrique et d'Amérique latine. Il critique la politique d'assimilation menée par la France, qui a cherché à transformer les colonisés en Français, et la brutalité avec laquelle elle a traité les colonies. Il mentionne l'arrogance de la France, qui a été confrontée à la décolonisation et à la perte de son influence mondiale. Le texte décrit également les conséquences économiques et sociales de cette perte de pouvoir, et comment la France est devenue un pays en déclin face à l'essor des anciennes colonies.
🌉 L'Amérique latine : une région multiculturelle
Le cinquième paragraphe explore la diversité ethnique et culturelle de l'Amérique latine, soulignant que la plupart des habitants ne sont pas autochtones. Il décrit comment les populations ont été façonnées par l'immigration et l'assimilation de groupes de différentes origines ethniques. Le texte mentionne également l'Argentine, qui a choisi de blanchir sa population, et comment d'autres pays ont intégré et coexisté malgré des problèmes de race et de discrimination. Il insiste sur la nécessité d'une compréhension mutuelle et de la coexistence pacifique dans cette région multiculturelle.
🚩 L'esprit révolutionnaire et les politiques socialistes en Amérique latine
Ce paragraphe examine l'héritage révolutionnaire et les tendances socialistes qui ont marqué l'histoire politique de l'Amérique latine. Il mentionne des dirigeants comme Salvador Allende au Chili, Juan Perón en Argentine, et Hugo Chávez au Venezuela, qui ont promu des politiques de bien-être social. Le texte décrit comment ces politiques ont favorisé l'éducation, la santé et l'égalité, et comment certains pays ont réussi à maintenir ces valeurs malgré des défis économiques et politiques. Il souligne également l'opposition de la part des États-Unis, qui ont cherché à influencer les pays de la région en fonction de leurs intérêts.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Amérique latine
💡Colonisation
💡Traite des esclaves
💡Indigènes
💡Découverte de l'Amérique
💡Décolonisation
💡Cuba
💡Haïti
💡Révolution bolivarienne
💡Socialisme
Highlights
South America, also known as Latin America, has a rich history shaped by colonization and the impact of European powers.
Christopher Columbus's mistaken belief that he had reached India led to the naming of indigenous Americans as 'red Indians'.
Indigenous civilizations such as the Aztecs and Arawak had well-established empires before the arrival of Europeans.
The decimation of indigenous populations through military action and disease led to the introduction of slavery in the Americas.
Different European colonizers, including the Spanish, Portuguese, British, French, and Dutch, established their presence across the Americas.
The Arawak people were nearly wiped out, with their language only now being revived in places like St Vincent and Grenadines.
Slavery in Latin America involved the transportation of African populations to replace the decimated indigenous peoples.
Brazil has a significant population of African descendants, including Yubas, Ambo, and Vundu from Angola and Mozambique.
The British, French, and Dutch colonizers brought African slaves to their colonies, shaping the demographic makeup of the Caribbean.
The Caribbean islands were important for the cultivation of sugar cane and bananas, leading to the term 'Banana Republic'.
Decolonization in Central America began in September 1812, with leaders like Simón Bolívar fighting for independence.
Slavery continued in various forms even after its official abolition, with former slaves still under the control of their masters.
Haiti, the first black African country to regain independence, has faced ongoing turmoil and a legacy of violence.
The French colonization approach was characterized by assimilation, aiming to convert colonized people into French men and women.
France's harsh colonial policies were a reflection of their own historical experiences and a desire to maintain control over their colonies.
The story of South America is marked by the integration of various immigrant populations, leading to a unique cultural blend.
Latin America has a history of socialist policies, focusing on social welfare, education, and health, which continue to shape the region.
Despite facing challenges, Latin American countries have managed to maintain a degree of stability and coexistence among diverse populations.
The influence of the United States in Latin America has often been met with resistance, particularly during times of political unrest.
Transcripts
[Music]
South America sometimes called Latin
America and of course the
neighboring area which is Central
America
and the Caribbean has a very interesting
history I remember when we were being
taught history that was called the new
world new because it is the Spaniards
specifically who went to that area and
it must never be forgotten that
Christopher Columbus who is said to have
discovered the new world was actually on
his way to India he got
lost and when he he met them America
indigenous Americans he called them the
red Indians because he thought he was in
India but that in itself makes that part
of the world very unique because they
were Empires which had been built the
aects were there the
arawakan if you look at what is now
Mexico they were the mesos they were the
Aztecs complete with civilization the
arawakan were to be found in what is
today Honduras in col in Colombia in
Costa Rica in Panama in Nicaragua so
there were people in that part of the
world complete with with
civilizations and the Arawak of course
we know were completely decimated by the
Spaniard the the Spaniards went there
and the Spaniards were in Mexico what is
today Mexico in
Nicaragua they were in H hondura in
Colombia and of course the Portuguese
then found their way in uh in in what is
today Brazil the British somehow found
their way in modern day belies and the
French also found themselves in areas
such as the Surinam and even the Dutch
found themselves in what is called the
Dutch anes so these new
lands became the subject of slavery in
initially because the local peoples were
decimated decimated deliberately by
military action and also by disease
because these individuals came with
certain diseases which were unknown in
that part of the world particularly the
Spaniards and the britishers have
already said and the net effect is that
all populations were dominated and
completely eliminated in certain cases
so that if you go into the arawakan now
who the people who are called the
arawakan
who then moved into the island that is
called St Vincent and
Grenadines their language was wiped away
but is now being revived if you hear of
a language called the garifuna that is
the language which is spoken by the
Arawak but most of the slaves that then
found themselves in that part of the
world were slaves that were taken to
that part of the world when they had
decimated the local population that is
why the portug is now started taking
people to
Brazil and Brazilians if you go to
Brazil there is a very large population
of
yubas there is also a very large
population of ambo and vundu when from
what is today Angola and also mosambi so
once again you can see it is the
colonizers who are coming from their
colonies or the areas that they had
conquered in the African continent and
taking them to Latin America America the
Spaniards also took people from their
colonies in different and some of them
were not even their colonies but they
took them from Africa in the area that
is now called Equatorial Guinea a lot of
Equatorial guineans were taken out of
there and saom and Principe and we find
them in the Spanish colony the British
of course as we know took their people
from their their slaves from Ghana from
Nigeria from The Gambia and from Liberia
and from sieron and they found
themselves in trindad and Tobago in
trind Tobago you find a large population
of people who are of EO origin and EUR
origin and in Jamaica you also find
those in fact there is a place in
Jamaica in the mountains where you have
the Commandos these were slaves who ran
away and went to the mountain and they
became free even in that environment so
you find those in the Caribbean so you
find populations in trinad Tobago and
tigan babudas and kidan navies St Lucia
St Vincent and Grenadines and of course
Surinam and Dutch Andes all the European
powers because at that time sugar cane
was huge and those islands were very
good for the growing of sugar they also
became very good for the growing of
bananas you had the term Banana Republic
there was a time when countries such as
Honduras Colombia were big for bananas
even as we speak today some of the
bananas that you find are either from
Honduras chikita you find them from
Costa Rica these were places that were
rich in those products and coffee and of
course these then became the target
where you took some of the slaves and
slavery was alive and well in that
particular area and they were enslaved
during that particular area then the the
era of
decolonization I think it is uh in the
month of September
1812 that is the period when all the
central Americans regained their
independence in
1812 and it was through the activities
the decolonization process started with
people like Simon bolver who is if you
find many of the states there you'll
find a man called like Venezuela
actually so calls itself the bolivarian
Republic of Venezuela and I think uh
Bolivia is actually named after Simon
Bolivia these were the individuals who
then started the idea of fighting this
both after slavery the decolonization
and of course the much younger people
will remember Ernesto sheara and we
don't mention Cuba in the mix Cuba was
also of course controlled by the
Spaniards we' have not mentioned Bahamas
in the mix all these were countries that
suffered under classical slavery and
subsequently colonization by the
European Western European powers to be
specific you know slavery is is is a
very bad thing and there are different
forms of it when when we speak about
slavery sometimes we talk about slavery
as if there was a uniform way of dealing
with slaves across uh the colonized and
the enslaved societies each of the
powers European powers during the days
of slavery had their own way because
they remember slavery and they were
slave trade so that if you went into the
areas where the Portuguese were or where
the Spaniard were or where the Dutch
were or where the English were you
discovered that even when you regained
your freedom really you did not regain
it your master still had control over
you and laws such as that were laws
which were designed to ensure that you
continue slavery and the reason was this
it is not everybody who agreed to the
abolition of
slavery so that even when slave trade
had been abolished slavery still
continued the only thing that stopped is
that you could no no longer legitimately
sell human beings as Commodities but
slavery remained and as we speak remains
now so in many of those parts of the
world you still had enslavers who could
come for you you are free but they can
come for you and take you and you work
in their farms and they de with you as
they deem fed sometimes the only thing
they gave you was food and the
Portuguese were terrible at this the
Spaniard were terrible at this the
English pretended of course after the
abolition that they were no longer doing
this but some of their remnants continue
to behave in this way particularly in
the islands because in the island they
did not have as much control as they had
in the Metropole in England or in the
larger part of the United States it's
true that all manner of laws were
enacted in the United States we have the
dreads Court law all these laws were
being passed because you said slavery
and slave trade had stopped but there
are people who are continuing with it
and if they are continuing with it and
they are like it how do you know and you
are dealing with slaves who have
nothing they do not know where to go
they can't go to their homes in Africa
where they came from they don't have
guns they don't have houses they don't
have
means Sometimes some of them preferred
even to go back to their masters cuz at
least under those Masters they had food
on the table outside it was wild and
they did not know what to happen and
they were also slave Hunters people who
contined to hunt people who are had free
and and they hunted and brought them
down to to to the slave
camps hati is a very sad State the first
black African country to regain
Independence and we know the great
hatian Independence fighter TOA du that
was the man who defeated Napoleon and
and he was never forgiven for that he
when he defeated Napoleon the French
never forgave him and of course they
were granted uh Independence in
1890s and it was black dominated and
remember we don't say about much about
this if you look at the map of hati you
have uh uh the Dominican Republic Sant
Domingo which was then the white
population was moved to Santo Domingo
and PTO France which is the capital of
Haiti became the part of or the part of
the capital of Haiti which was
completely dominated by black many of
them from Benin what is now Benin which
is used to be called D and you will
discover that they actually retained
most of their culture but the French
have ensured and the French saw that
heti will never know
peace that they humiliated Us by
defeating Napoleon they will never know
Peace So at
Independence
T signed that they would be paying money
to the French as compensation I think it
was if if it is not him but this I think
the sand one of them signed and hati
continued to pay reparation you remember
I mean somebody has enslaved you
somebody has C colonized you and when
they are leaving they say you owe
them and it is as if there was a
conspiracy amongst the white powers in
that part of the world because when the
French
left there was a period in 195 I think
to for a few years when the Americans
actually occupied
hati and dominated Haiti if they had
wanted hati to prosper they would have
ensured that it did but they did not
and after that of course we know how
they presided over the occupation of
hati by some of the most abusive leaders
the world have ever know Jean CLA duvier
called Papa do who used a combination of
voodoo and and and and violence to
dominate hati and I remember as a young
man we used to hear about Jean CLA
duvalier Papa do and after that of
course we have had uh the the the
brother the the son baby doc who
dominated hati and it it was all
violence it was all Voodoo and hati
remained poor and
impoverished so that when in the late
1980s and early 1990s there was a
movement now to try and stabilize hati
and there came a man who was a Catholic
PRI
who tried to change hati to try to
create order in hati they was removed
jeon ared was removed and then later he
was brought back and I think they he at
time I think he even came to to and
lived in South Africa
sh and he went back
and Europe and America France and
America ured that heti is the way it is
now hati is a land of
gangs everybody occupying their own
little corner it is if you talk of a
failed nation if you talk of an
ungovernable Nation hati is and that is
on the
doorsteps of our country that claim that
is the strongest country on
Earth one would have assumed that if
there was ever a case of a country that
needed the intervention of the world
through the UN to Simply go there and
say that this is a US mandated
Administration and we administer hati
for the next 25 years when it is
stabilized then we will give it back to
the people I give you this the history
and what is contemporary that it may be
understood that
slavery and colonization and and its
impact are things that are with us we
they are not things that we read in
history books you open any major
television you'll see what is happening
in hati now gangs in P of
France with
AK-47s and
other military grade equipment and
machetes in the
streets when you sleep in P of France
one eye must be open
courtesy of the legacy of
slavery and of course colonization and
of course neoc colonization and of
course the vow that was made by the
French hati will never know
peace the French are a unique
people unique in the
sense that they claim that France France
is the mother of modern day Revolution
with the French Revolution in 18th
century
Liber that was France during the
revolution and that they exported this
revolution to the world yet
somehow
France is the worst of the
colonizers from all objective
assessments of course Samora Moises
Michelle said it is wrong to categorize
slave makers as one being better than
the other but permit me to say that they
were the
worst number
one unlike the British who simply were
interested in your resources and
therefore engage in what was called
direct rule the French wanted to
assimilate you so their policy was
assimilation
they came to the colonies and they
wanted to convert you into French men
and French women and in school parades
in the colonized parts of the world by
the French like
Sagal like Mali like bkas which was then
upper vaa like Togo and Benin and
Surinam during the parade in the morning
PE p used to recite our an ancestors the
GS a black pupil saying that their
ancestors were the GS they wanted you to
speak
French and once they had picked a few of
you and took them to the sobor you had
to be a total French man or a total
French
woman they came to different parts of
the world and they created what they
call the py ab is putti the small par
and their colonies were actually called
overseas territories
territor they called them overseas
territories being administered from the
metropo the French never intended to
leave they never intended to leave
Surinam they never intended to leave
Vietnam they never intended to leave
Sagal or Mali or gin conri and they were
vicious they pish
you they humiliated you they did not
want you to speak your
language I do not know why they were
that harsh perhaps it's because of their
history remember this is a country that
had Kings this is a country that had Mar
antoanet this is a country that had King
Louis the 16th and there was a time
there was it is King Louis the 14th who
at one time when he was asked and what
is the state I think that that is that
experience King Louis the 14th when they
were controlling France he was asked and
what is the state he
say I am the
state and when later King Louis the 16th
and Marita antoanet came the French were
humiliated when the people asked where
we want bread he say why don't they eat
cake and I think that his hisory that
pain when they re they created the
revolution I think in
1789 and they created the Revolution
France was humiliated during the war by
the Germans and when therefore they
became colonialist they were visiting
this pain upon the world and as early as
1958 as recently as
1958 when they recalled
shalal to come and take over power in
197 58 remember when Char deal came this
was a military General this is the
height of
decolonization he used military force in
order to retain the French colonies and
the colonies is what made France what is
so that the France that you see now is a
France that is built on the back of
those
colonies they were harsh because their
very survival depended on this colonies
and their harshness can be seen when on
the eve of Independence in African
countries they signed the PCT for the
continuation of
colonization the yes no vote for French
colonist to decide whether after
so-called Independence they would retain
connection and connectivity with peris
they gave everybody the opportunity to
vote Yes or No but they did not want you
to vote no so that when
G voted no under hammed seur when they
were leaving they destroyed everything
that was capable of being
destroyed
Modo in what was then the French Sudan
now Mali they destroyed
everything Algeria the pogram in Algeria
when they were leaving then led by
hammed Ben Bell they destroyed
everything the other countries they
continue to control as we speak the
currencies of all former French colonies
are still printed in France CFA
Frank their
cruelty I think comes out of a big
psychological burden which they visit
transfer of
aggression it is painful you can see
even as we speak during the C in Africa
the arrogance you tell a country which
is equal in international law that we
have accredited our ambassador we do not
care France the home of Revolution the
home of kitas at one time can not
recognize a revolution when is taking
place and they say accept our
ambassador we don't accept the
revolution that is France for you
arrogance the most
arrogant of the colonial
Powers you know the history of
France is the history of how the
Arrogant fall
is if you allow
me the school bully who takes lunch from
every little boy and little girl thinks
that he's Invincible then one day the
little boy says today you are not taking
my
lunch and what the little boy does is to
hit you when you did not expect and you
find yourself on the ground and
everybody's Li laughing laughing at you
France did not see what is happening in
West Africa coming so they find
themselves at a time when they are very
weak economically when at home the
population of immigrants is growing
bigger and bigger you go to cities such
as maray you find algerians you find
Moroccans you find sagales you find
guineans you find bkab and things are
not happening as they used to be then in
the former colonies that you thought you
are
controlling a breed of young men and
women begin Rising they rise in Gin
kakri and the first thing they do is
they say we abolish all the agreements
that exist between us and France they
rise in baso and they say the same thing
they rise in Mali and they same they say
the same thing they rise in N which has
been providing you with uranium now you
can't take
it I
think they cannot take it because they
are losing food which has been inside of
their mouth and they do not know how to
behave as somebody once said without
Africa there is no France without our
former colonies give France only 20
years and it will be one of the poorest
nations in the continent of Europe and
that is going to happen and they are
resisting because for them this is life
and
death but the Stars which I can now
perfectly read are telling me that their
goose is
cooked and very well
cooked the story of South America or
Latin America or Central America is
unique unique in the
sense that most of the people who now
occupy Latin America are all not
indigenous to Latin America the
Arawak and the mesos who are indigenous
they are very few and far between
whether you go to Mexico you'll find
them but they are very few the aects and
their descendants very few
if you go to places such as Nicaragua
the ab Origins are very few you go to
Mexico they are very few so that if you
go to many of these places go to Brazil
for example which has one of the largest
black populations anywhere in the world
over 133 million and of course there are
very many people of of Portuguese origin
and people from different parts of the
world so these are all immigrants who
have en larged
integrated and and and to the extent
that is possible even being racist does
not make sense you see quite some
integration there the same is true in
Colombia we now have even the vice
president of Colombia is is is African
the same is true of uh of of
Honduras the same is true largely of
Chile and we have of course we have seen
recent problems in in Peru because of
the you you remember Peru even at one
time their president was somebody of
Japanese
origin Alberto fuori who is was from
Japan but there is one unique Latin
American country that we don't talk
about
Argentina
Argentina deliberately decided to whiten
the population so most of the colors and
blacks in Argentina were eliminated but
the point is that Latin America
underwent several problems you remember
there was a time when kudas were the
thing in Latin America whether it was in
Brazil it was a military government
whether it was in
Uruguay K in Argentina K
Honduras
Chile
Peru Central America Nicaragua K Panama
K Costa Rica Civil War until War until
19
1848 Mexico and I think there was a
period when after the coup DET and after
the activities of revolutionaries such
as Simon bolver and Ernesto Shara even
in places such as Venezuela there was a
period of settlement and I think that is
largely why Latin America has its own
race problems but they are not as
pronounced as they are pronounced in
other parts of the world people suffered
together and I think when you suffer
together there is a sense in which some
camaraderie begin to emerge and that in
a very simplistic way in my view
explains why indeed there is some kind
of uh uh understanding amongst the races
of course when you go deeper inside
there'll always be people who feel oh we
are not being treated right things are
not right but largely people coexist and
we have seen that over a long period
even in areas where you thought that
there would be problems in the political
arena in the economic Arena you have
fairly reasonable uh
representation it must Latin America's
history must also be understood in the
context of uh the Revolutionary spirit
and and when there was a bipolar world
and and and and I want to explain Latin
America in in in the following ways that
if if you look at Brazil for example
which was colonized by Portugal which is
one of the was one of the weakest and
poorest nations in Europe you there was
a time when Portugal actually depended
on Brazil in the 1900 and in the early n
mid 1990s when Portugal itself had very
many had coups you in the 60s the coup
that was mounted against Marcelo kaitano
by Antonio Inola until
1977 when I was myself a primary school
child and I knew that there was
instability so these countries freed
themselves very early and they did not
want to be like Europe they did not want
hardn capitalism like Europe they wanted
societies that were a little bit more
egalitarian so you can see that through
the policies of Brazil in those early
days and if you go to places like like
like Chile when the revolution started
taking place you see people like salvad
aende when aende was in power aende was
was was a socialist and of course he was
he was murdered almost 30 years ago from
today from this year and and then the
Americans imposed a Gusto sh and we can
also remember the Socialist movement in
in in Argentina During the period of uh
Juan Peron and and socialism was Al was
also the way to go in those days and
then if you look at what we now call the
bolivarian republics Venezuela uh which
laed to people like hugos Chavez you
look at Bolivia to toos you look at
Panama Omar Tios who was a socialist and
you look at Nicaragua
witha and so you can you can see a Latin
America that very early on was very
different they say we think when you are
socialist you take care of social
welfare things you take care of
Education you take care of Health you
take care of these basic things and I
think that that is now serving them well
a little countes such as Costa Rica with
a population of 5 million has free
health
care free education and what do they
have to export is just bananas and
tourism 1948 they don't even have an
army they abolished abolished an army
and you remember that in the early days
I think it is in the 19 in the early
1900s mid 1900s they entered into the
Rio Deano P which says that if you
attack anyone who is the Rio Deano pact
then you attack all so a combination of
factors made Latin America very
different
the Americans always wanted to treat
Latin America as their
backyard and they feared of course that
socialism during the days of the Soviet
Union that the Soviet Union was in Cuba
Soviet Union was everywhere so there was
always this resistance and people hated
the capitalist in Latin America and that
is why those who claimed to be socialist
were in ascendence and when government
settled they did not ignore what are
socialist policies and that continues
even as they suffer here and there to
serve them reasonably well that is not
to say that you don't have problems in
Nicaragua or that you don't have
problems in Peru or that you don't have
problems in in in Bolivia or that you
don't have problems in Colombia or
Uruguay or Argentina you do but the
orientation of Venezuela the orientation
is socialist but the interm medling of
America is ever present you know when
you don't obey America they want to
ensure that you
fail and they do that quite
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well
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