MENGERIKAN! INI 5 PENYAKIT PENYEBAB KEMATIAN TERTINGGI DI INDONESIA

Summary

This video explores the leading causes of death in Indonesia, focusing on non-communicable diseases like diabetes, stroke, tuberculosis, hypertension, and heart disease. It highlights the rising prevalence of these conditions and their devastating impact on public health. Diabetes is linked to complications such as cardiovascular disease, while stroke and hypertension are increasing among younger populations. Tuberculosis, though declining, still remains a major concern. Hypertension, often unnoticed, is a silent killer. Lastly, ischemic heart disease, responsible for a large portion of deaths, is marked by reduced blood flow to the heart, leading to fatal heart attacks.

Takeaways

• 😀 Diabetes is a major cause of death in Indonesia, with a rapid increase in death rates due to this disease.
• 😀 Diabetes is caused by high blood glucose levels, which result from the body's inability to produce insulin properly.
• 😀 Stroke has become a leading cause of death in Indonesia, with a significant increase in its prevalence in 2018.
• 😀 Stroke cases are most common in people aged 45 to 74, but it is also affecting younger groups, including those aged 15 to 24.
• 😀 Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the top causes of death in Indonesia, despite a decline in cases since 2007.
• 😀 TB is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and spreads from person to person through the air, mainly affecting the lungs.
• 😀 People with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV or malnutrition, are more vulnerable to TB.
• 😀 Hypertension (high blood pressure) is a significant cause of death in Indonesia, with an increase in its prevalence from 2013 to 2018.
• 😀 Hypertension is often referred to as the 'silent killer' because many people do not experience symptoms until complications occur.
• 😀 Heart disease, particularly ischemic heart disease, is a leading cause of death in Indonesia and globally, affecting millions of people.
• 😀 Ischemic heart disease is caused by a reduction in blood flow and oxygen to the heart muscles due to narrowed arteries, which can lead to heart attacks.

Q & A

What is the main cause of death in Indonesia according to the 2018 data?

The main cause of death in Indonesia is non-communicable diseases (NCDs), with diseases like diabetes, stroke, and heart disease being the leading causes.

What is diabetes and why does it lead to high mortality rates in Indonesia?

Diabetes is a condition where the body's blood glucose levels are too high. The body cannot produce insulin effectively, leading to complications such as cardiovascular diseases, nerve damage, and kidney failure, all of which contribute to a high mortality rate.

How has the prevalence of stroke changed in Indonesia over the years?

The prevalence of stroke in Indonesia has increased from 7% in 2018 to 10.9%. It is particularly found in individuals aged 45-74, but cases are also rising in the younger age group of 15-24 years.

What is tuberculosis (TB), and how does it cause deaths in Indonesia?

Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection caused by *Mycobacterium tuberculosis*, primarily affecting the lungs. It spreads through the air and is more dangerous for individuals with weakened immune systems, like those with HIV or poor nutrition, leading to a significant number of deaths in Indonesia.

What role does hypertension play in Indonesia's mortality rate?

Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a leading cause of death in Indonesia. The prevalence of hypertension has increased from 25.8% in 2013 to 34.1% in 2018, and it is often referred to as the 'silent killer' due to the lack of symptoms until complications arise.

What is the significance of heart disease in Indonesia’s mortality rate?

Heart disease, particularly ischemic heart disease, is the leading cause of death in Indonesia, responsible for 29% of total deaths. This condition reduces blood flow and oxygen to the heart muscle, which can result in heart attacks and, ultimately, death.

Why is tuberculosis particularly dangerous for people with compromised immune systems?

Tuberculosis is dangerous for people with compromised immune systems because their bodies are less able to fight off infections. Individuals with HIV, malnutrition, or other conditions that weaken the immune system are more susceptible to contracting and dying from TB.

What factors contribute to the increasing rates of stroke in younger individuals in Indonesia?

The rising rates of stroke in younger individuals in Indonesia can be attributed to factors like unhealthy lifestyles, poor diets, and lack of awareness about stroke prevention, though more research is needed to fully understand these trends.

How does diabetes affect the body's ability to manage glucose and energy?

In diabetes, the body either does not produce enough insulin or cannot use it properly, leading to elevated glucose levels. This hampers the body’s ability to use glucose for energy, causing complications in various organs, including the heart, kidneys, and nerves.

What measures can be taken to reduce the incidence of hypertension in Indonesia?

To reduce hypertension, measures such as improving diet, increasing physical activity, reducing stress, and regular blood pressure monitoring are essential. Public awareness campaigns and better healthcare access can also help in managing and preventing hypertension.