EPI-1 | ID2 | Dr. Amira

Summary

This video explains the Expanded Immunization Program, a global initiative designed to extend childhood vaccinations to prevent a broader range of diseases. It outlines the importance of administering vaccines for various diseases not typically included in standard vaccination schedules. The program aims to protect children under one year old and even includes vaccinations for women between the ages of 15 and 47. The speaker highlights the benefits of this program, including its role in disease eradication and its efforts to reduce infections like polio and tetanus. Additionally, it emphasizes the logistical challenges and common misconceptions about vaccines.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Expanded Immunization Program, known as 'Expanded' in Arabic, aims to include more vaccines for various diseases, beyond the mandatory vaccines outlined by the WHO.
• 😀 The program targets an increase in vaccination coverage, both in terms of the number of people vaccinated and the age groups included, aiming to protect the entire population.
• 😀 Some countries have specific vaccination programs based on the diseases prevalent in those areas. For example, countries like Egypt may include vaccinations for diseases like influenza and hepatitis B.
• 😀 Expanded immunization programs also target children under one year old, particularly those who missed earlier vaccinations or need partial vaccination updates.
• 😀 Vaccination efforts are extended to women between 15-47 years, ensuring they receive necessary vaccines like tetanus, which is crucial for their protection during later stages of life.
• 😀 The goal is to achieve 100% vaccination coverage for all populations, making sure that every person in need of the vaccine receives it.
• 😀 The WHO and health authorities aim to eradicate diseases, such as polio, by improving vaccination rates and addressing gaps in the current vaccination schedules.
• 😀 Vitamin A supplementation is given alongside vaccines like MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella) in areas with vitamin A deficiency to reduce the impact of related health issues.
• 😀 Vaccination scheduling is critical; the time between doses of vaccines should not be too long, as delays can reduce the vaccine's effectiveness.
• 😀 Challenges such as missed vaccination opportunities (due to logistical issues or lack of awareness) can impede the success of vaccination programs, requiring careful tracking and scheduling.
• 😀 Misinformation and rumors about vaccines, such as fears regarding side effects or complications, can affect vaccination rates. It's essential to address these issues through accurate information and communication.

Q & A

What is the main purpose of the Expanded Vaccination Program?

The Expanded Vaccination Program aims to increase the number of vaccinations and the age groups targeted to enhance public health and address additional diseases not covered in the basic mandatory vaccination schedule.

Who developed the Expanded Vaccination Program?

The program was developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to improve vaccination coverage and address diseases prevalent in specific regions.

What is the significance of the term 'expanded' in this context?

'Expanded' refers to increasing the number of diseases covered by the vaccination program, as well as targeting a wider range of age groups, particularly to boost public health and prevent specific diseases.

How does the Expanded Vaccination Program differ from regular vaccination schedules?

Unlike regular vaccination schedules that only include mandatory vaccines, the expanded program adds vaccines for additional diseases and targets a broader age range, addressing regional health needs.

Why are certain diseases like Haemophilus influenzae and Hepatitis B included in the expanded program?

Diseases like Haemophilus influenzae and Hepatitis B are included because they are prevalent in certain regions and pose significant health risks, which the expanded program aims to combat.

How is vitamin A related to the vaccination program?

Vitamin A is provided to children in areas with deficiency to reduce the incidence of diseases like measles and improve immunity, as vitamin A deficiency can increase vulnerability to infections.

What does the program aim to achieve with 'eradication' and 'elimination'?

The program aims to eradicate diseases like polio and eliminate preventable infections by ensuring universal access to vaccines, thus reducing their prevalence significantly.

What are some common reasons for missed vaccination opportunities?

Missed vaccination opportunities can occur due to logistical issues, such as the unavailability of vaccines or misinformation about vaccines, leading to delays or missed appointments.

What is the role of public awareness in the success of vaccination programs?

Public awareness is crucial in dispelling myths and misinformation about vaccines. Educating the public ensures higher vaccination rates, making the program more effective in preventing diseases.

What precautions are necessary before administering vaccines to pregnant women or people with health conditions?

Vaccines should be administered with caution to pregnant women or people with specific health conditions. For example, some vaccines may be contraindicated during pregnancy, and others may require medical review before administration.