APA ITU GERUND DAN INFINITIVE? - TEATU Kampung Inggris LC

Summary

In this tutorial, Miss Danny explains the differences between gerunds and infinitives in English. She covers how gerunds (verb + ing) function as nouns and can act as subjects, objects, or objects of prepositions. She also compares gerunds with infinitives (to + verb), highlighting their roles as nouns, adjectives, and adverbs. The lesson includes examples of verbs that are followed by either a gerund or an infinitive, sometimes with different meanings. The video concludes with interactive questions to help learners understand the concepts better.

Takeaways

• 😀 Gerunds are verbs ending in '-ing' that function as nouns in a sentence.
• 😀 Gerunds can be used as subjects, objects, or objects of prepositions. Example: 'Reading is fun' or 'I like swimming.'
• 😀 The gerund form of a verb is used when the verb acts as a noun in a sentence.
• 😀 Not all verbs can be followed by a gerund; some verbs require specific forms such as 'advise', 'enjoy', 'finish', etc.
• 😀 Infinitives are formed with 'to' + base verb (e.g., 'to eat', 'to swim').
• 😀 Infinitives can function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs. Example: 'To dance is my dream' (noun), 'I asked him to dance' (adjective), 'I was happy to dance' (adverb).
• 😀 Some verbs must be followed by infinitives, like 'agree', 'promise', and 'decide'.
• 😀 Not all verbs can be followed by an infinitive. It's important to know which verbs take which form.
• 😀 Some verbs can be followed by both gerunds and infinitives, but the meaning can change depending on the form used. Example: 'I forgot telling you' vs 'I forgot to tell you.'
• 😀 When learning the difference between gerunds and infinitives, it's useful to consult textbooks like Betty Azar's, which lists verbs commonly followed by gerunds or infinitives.

Q & A

What is a gerund?

A gerund is the -ing form of a verb that functions as a noun in a sentence. It can act as the subject, object, or object of a preposition in a sentence.

Can a gerund be used as a subject in a sentence? Can you provide an example?

Yes, a gerund can act as the subject of a sentence. For example: 'Reading is my hobby.' Here, 'Reading' is the gerund acting as the subject.

How can a gerund be used as an object in a sentence? Can you give an example?

A gerund can function as the object of a verb. For example: 'I like swimming.' In this sentence, 'swimming' is the gerund acting as the object of the verb 'like.'

What is the role of a gerund as an object of a preposition? Give an example.

A gerund can be the object of a preposition. For example: 'I am good at dancing.' In this case, 'dancing' is the gerund following the preposition 'at' and acting as its object.

What is the difference between a gerund and an infinitive?

A gerund is the -ing form of a verb used as a noun, while an infinitive is the base form of a verb preceded by 'to.' Infinitives can function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs, whereas gerunds only function as nouns.

How can an infinitive be used as a subject in a sentence? Provide an example.

An infinitive can act as the subject of a sentence. For example: 'To dance on stage is my dream.' Here, 'To dance' is the infinitive acting as the subject of the sentence.

What role does an infinitive play when used as an adjective? Give an example.

An infinitive can act as an adjective when it modifies a noun. For example: 'I asked you to wash the dishes.' The infinitive 'to wash' acts as an adjective, modifying the verb 'asked.'

Can an infinitive be used as an adverb? Please explain with an example.

Yes, an infinitive can function as an adverb, explaining the purpose of the main action. For example: 'I was excited to go to Malang.' Here, 'to go' is an infinitive that explains why the speaker was excited.

Are there verbs that can be followed by both a gerund and an infinitive? Can you provide an example where the meaning does not change?

Yes, some verbs can be followed by both a gerund and an infinitive without changing the meaning. For example: 'I like cooking' vs. 'I like to cook.' Both sentences mean the same thing, expressing a preference for cooking.

Give an example of a verb that changes meaning when followed by a gerund versus an infinitive.

An example of a verb that changes meaning when followed by a gerund or an infinitive is 'forget.' For instance: 'I forgot telling you about that' (meaning the speaker already told the listener) vs. 'I forgot to tell you about that' (meaning the speaker failed to tell the listener).