Rangkuman Materi PAI Kelas 9 Zakat Fitrah dan Zakat Mal

Summary

This educational video explains the concepts of Zakat Fitrah and Zakat Mal, two essential forms of Islamic charity. Zakat Fitrah, obligatory during Ramadan, purifies the wealth of Muslims and is given in the form of staple foods. Zakat Mal, applicable to wealth such as gold, silver, livestock, and agricultural produce, must be paid annually. The video also covers the eligibility criteria for both giving and receiving zakat, detailing the various categories of recipients (Mustahik). Additionally, the spiritual and social benefits of zakat, including reducing inequality and promoting social solidarity, are discussed.

Takeaways

• 😀 Zakat is one of the Five Pillars of Islam and refers to a form of charity that purifies wealth and soul.
• 😀 Zakat Fitrah is a mandatory charity for every Muslim during Ramadan, intended to purify both the individual and their wealth.
• 😀 The amount for Zakat Fitrah is typically 2.5 kg of staple food like rice, or its monetary equivalent.
• 😀 Zakat Fitrah must be given before Eid prayer, with optimal timing being after Subuh and before the Eid prayer.
• 😀 Zakat Mal is a charity based on wealth, with requirements for individuals who possess a certain level of wealth for a full lunar year.
• 😀 Zakat Mal is calculated on various types of wealth, including gold, silver, business assets, livestock, and agricultural produce.
• 😀 For gold, zakat is due once it reaches 23.6 grams, with a zakat rate of 2.5%. For silver, it’s due at 624 grams, also at 2.5%.
• 😀 Livestock zakat varies: for example, 1 goat or sheep is required as zakat for 40-120 sheep, and 1 cow for 30-39 cows.
• 😀 Zakat for agricultural produce is due at 10% if no irrigation costs are involved, and 5% if irrigation is used.
• 😀 The recipients of zakat, known as Mustahik, are divided into 8 categories, including the poor, the needy, new Muslims, and travelers in need.

Q & A

What is zakat and what does it represent in Islam?

Zakat is one of the Five Pillars of Islam, representing a form of charitable giving that purifies wealth. It is an obligation for Muslims to give a portion of their wealth to those in need, helping to promote social justice and reduce poverty.

What are the two types of zakat mentioned in the script?

The two types of zakat mentioned are zakat fitrah and zakat mal. Zakat fitrah is a compulsory charity given at the end of Ramadan, while zakat mal refers to charity given on various types of wealth, including money, business assets, and agricultural produce.

What is the significance of zakat fitrah, and when should it be given?

Zakat fitrah is a charity required of every Muslim at the end of Ramadan to purify their fast and assist those in need. It should be given before the Eid al-Fitr prayers, with the best time being from the beginning of Ramadan until just before the prayer.

How much zakat fitrah should a Muslim give per person?

The zakat fitrah amount required per person is approximately 2.5 kilograms (or 3.1 liters) of staple food, such as rice or wheat, or the monetary equivalent of this amount.

Who are the recipients of zakat fitrah and what is their role?

The recipients of zakat fitrah are called 'mustahik'. These are individuals or families who are eligible to receive zakat, usually those in poverty or other specific categories outlined in Islamic law.

What is zakat mal and what types of wealth does it apply to?

Zakat mal is a form of charity paid on various types of wealth, including money, gold, silver, business profits, agricultural produce, and livestock. It is required to purify these assets by giving a portion to those in need.

What are the eligibility criteria for a person to pay zakat mal?

The person (known as the 'muzakki') must be Muslim, free (not a slave), possess full ownership of their wealth, and meet the minimum threshold of wealth (nishab). Additionally, the wealth must have been in their possession for a full lunar year.

How much zakat is due on gold and silver?

For gold, zakat is required when the amount reaches 85 grams, and for silver, it is required when the amount reaches 624 grams. The zakat rate for both is 2.5% of the total value.

How does zakat apply to livestock, such as sheep or cattle?

Zakat on livestock varies based on the number of animals. For example, for sheep, zakat is due on 1 animal for every 40 to 120 sheep. For cattle, zakat is due on 1 animal for every 30 to 39 cows. The zakat rate also differs depending on the species and quantity.

What are the categories of people who are eligible to receive zakat mal?

The eight categories of people eligible to receive zakat, known as 'mustahik', include the poor, the needy, zakat collectors (amil), those whose hearts are to be reconciled, captives, debtors, those striving in the way of Allah (sabilillah), and travelers (ibn sabil).