Geo XI. 9. Persebaran Fauna di Dunia.

Summary

This geography class lecture covers the distribution of global fauna, exploring Alfred Russel Wallace's zoogeographical regions. These regions include the Neartic, Neotropical, Afrotropical, Paleartic, Oriental, and Australis, each with distinct habitats and endemic species. The lecture highlights animals such as tigers, orangutans, lions, and kangaroos, explaining their natural environments like tropical rainforests, savannas, and tundras. Special focus is given to Indonesia's rich biodiversity. The session provides a comprehensive overview of the diverse fauna across the world, offering insights into how species are adapted to their specific regions and habitats.

Takeaways

• 😀 The distribution of world fauna is categorized into several regions according to Alfred Russel Wallace.
• 😀 The **Oriental Fauna** is found in Southeast Asia and South Asia, with dense tropical rainforests as its habitat.
• 😀 Key examples of **Oriental Fauna** include Bengal tigers, orangutans, and Javan rhinoceroses.
• 😀 The **Afrotropical Fauna** is found in Africa and parts of the Arabian Peninsula, with habitats ranging from rainforests to savannas and steppes.
• 😀 Iconic **Afrotropical Fauna** includes lions, gorillas, and ostriches.
• 😀 **Paleartic Fauna** covers a vast region, including Northern Africa, Europe, Asia, and parts of Eastern Asia, with a variety of habitats from temperate zones to polar regions.
• 😀 Examples of **Paleartic Fauna** are polar bears, reindeer, and wolves, adapted to cold climates.
• 😀 **Neartic Fauna** is located in North America, including parts of Canada, the United States, and Greenland, with habitats such as grasslands and forests.
• 😀 Notable **Neartic Fauna** include bison, blue jays, and American bison.
• 😀 **Neotropical Fauna** inhabits Central and South America, thriving in tropical rainforests with year-round vegetation.
• 😀 Key species in the **Neotropical Fauna** include jaguars, alpacas, and Amazon river dolphins.
• 😀 **Australian Fauna** is unique to Australia and surrounding islands, with diverse ecosystems including rainforests and deserts.
• 😀 **Australian Fauna** includes kangaroos, wallabies, and koalas, adapted to both tropical and arid environments.

Q & A

What are the major zoogeographical regions discussed in the script?

The major zoogeographical regions discussed are Nearctic, Neotropical, Afrotropical, Palearctic, Oriental, and Australian.

Which continent is primarily associated with the Nearctic region, and what are some of its iconic animals?

The Nearctic region includes North America, Greenland, and parts of Central America. Iconic animals include the polar bear, reindeer, and the bison.

What type of climate and habitats are found in the Neotropical region?

The Neotropical region, which includes Central and South America, is characterized by tropical rainforests with dense vegetation. Its habitat supports species like jaguars, sloths, and parrots.

Which region is the largest in terms of geographical coverage, and what are some of its native species?

The Palearctic region is the largest, covering parts of Northern Africa, Europe, and much of Asia. Native species include wolves, Siberian tigers, and polar bears.

What is the distinctive feature of the Afrotropical region, and what are some of its notable animals?

The Afrotropical region is mainly located in Sub-Saharan Africa and parts of the Arabian Peninsula. It is home to iconic animals such as lions, elephants, and gorillas.

Where is the Oriental fauna found, and which animals are specifically mentioned in the script?

The Oriental region covers Southeast Asia and South Asia. Specific animals mentioned include tigers, orangutans, and the rhinoceros.

What types of animals are native to the Australian region, and what makes it unique?

The Australian region is home to unique species such as kangaroos, koalas, and platypuses. It is known for its distinct and isolated fauna compared to other continents.

How does the script describe the climate of the Palearctic region?

The Palearctic region is described as having an extreme climate, with cold temperatures and habitats like tundra and forests, which support animals like the polar bear and reindeer.

What habitat do animals in the Neotropical region prefer, and what is an example of a species found there?

Animals in the Neotropical region prefer dense tropical rainforests. An example of a species found there is the jaguar.

According to the script, what are the key characteristics of the fauna in the Oriental region?

The fauna of the Oriental region are typically found in tropical rainforests and are adapted to humid and lush environments. Notable animals include tigers, orangutans, and rhinoceroses.