Arti Kewirausahaan Schumpeter VS Kirzner - Apa Bedanya?

Summary

The video explores different perspectives on entrepreneurship, focusing on definitions by Kirzner and Schumpeter. Kirzner views entrepreneurship as seizing market opportunities and balancing supply and demand, exemplified by businesses during Ramadan. Schumpeter, on the other hand, highlights innovation and disruption in the market, with the iPhone as a prime example of 'creative destruction.' The video contrasts these views, prompting viewers to reflect on their approach to entrepreneurship—whether focusing on market responsiveness or disruptive innovation.

Takeaways

• 💡 Kewirausahaan is often discussed in relation to business components and experiences found online.
• 📈 Many people are encouraged to start businesses after college as a pathway to success or additional income.
• ❓ The concept of entrepreneurship can be confusing, ranging from selling takjil during Ramadan to building AI-based startups.
• 🔍 Two perspectives on entrepreneurship are explored: Kirzner's and Schumpeter's.
• 📊 Kirzner sees entrepreneurship as responding to market opportunities by balancing supply and demand to seize profits.
• 🕌 Ramadan is an example of a market opportunity, where demand for takjil and other goods spikes, creating a profitable moment for entrepreneurs.
• 🛠️ Schumpeter defines entrepreneurship as innovation and creative disruption, changing or breaking existing markets.
• 📱 The launch of the iPhone is used as a prime example of Schumpeter’s idea of 'creative destruction', revolutionizing the mobile phone market.
• 🌍 Schumpeter’s theory argues that entrepreneurs seek to improve or adapt to the market by introducing groundbreaking innovations.
• 📚 British economist Eamonn Butler expands on Schumpeter’s ideas, focusing on the mindset of entrepreneurship as a driver of innovation and change.

Q & A

What is the main difference between Kirzner's and Schumpeter's views on entrepreneurship?

Kirzner views entrepreneurship as recognizing and capitalizing on opportunities to balance supply and demand, while Schumpeter sees it as a creative and disruptive process that reshapes markets through innovation.

According to Kirzner, how does the Ramadan season provide a business opportunity for entrepreneurs?

Kirzner would argue that Ramadan creates a temporary spike in demand for specific products, such as takjil and religious items, which entrepreneurs can capitalize on by meeting the seasonal market needs.

What example does the script give to explain Schumpeter's idea of 'creative destruction'?

The script uses the iPhone as an example, explaining how its introduction disrupted the market for phones with keypads, replacing them with touchscreen devices and creating a new demand for smartphones with innovative features.

How does Kirzner define an 'ideal economy'?

Kirzner defines an ideal economy as one where supply and demand are in balance, and entrepreneurs play a role in identifying and seizing opportunities to maintain this equilibrium.

How does Schumpeter's view of entrepreneurship differ in terms of market impact compared to Kirzner’s?

While Kirzner focuses on balancing market needs, Schumpeter believes entrepreneurship involves disrupting existing markets and creating new ones through innovation, fundamentally changing the economic landscape.

Why does the script mention Steve Jobs’ 2007 iPhone presentation?

The script highlights Steve Jobs' presentation as an example of Schumpeter's 'creative destruction,' showing how the iPhone revolutionized the mobile phone market and introduced new possibilities for software and hardware development.

What type of entrepreneurship does Kirzner associate with selling takjil during Ramadan?

Kirzner would categorize selling takjil during Ramadan as a form of entrepreneurship that responds to increased market demand during a specific period, aligning with his view of identifying opportunities in existing markets.

What does Schumpeter believe entrepreneurs should focus on to drive economic change?

Schumpeter believes that entrepreneurs should focus on innovation and finding ways to disrupt existing market structures, thereby creating new demand and transforming industries.

How does the concept of 'creative destruction' apply to the modern smartphone industry?

'Creative destruction' in the smartphone industry can be seen in how innovations like the iPhone replaced traditional mobile phones, reshaping consumer expectations and driving the development of new technologies.

What does the script suggest about the role of entrepreneurship in shaping the future?

The script suggests that entrepreneurship, whether through market adaptation (Kirzner) or innovation (Schumpeter), is crucial in driving economic growth, creating opportunities, and responding to evolving market demands.