Sistem Peredaran Darah Janin Sebelum dan Setelah Lahir
Summary
TLDRThis educational video script explains the fetal and postnatal blood circulation systems. In the womb, the fetus receives oxygenated blood from the placenta through the umbilical vein, with blood bypassing the underdeveloped lungs via the ductus arteriosus. After birth, the umbilical cord is clamped, the lungs expand, and the heart adjusts to the baby's new circulation, closing the ductus arteriosus and foramen ovale, completing the transition to postnatal circulation.
Takeaways
- 👋 The video starts with an introduction from Lulus Septiarini Aryanda Putri, who welcomes the viewers to her YouTube channel.
- 🩺 The main topic discussed is the blood circulation system in fetuses and how it changes after birth.
- 🩸 Fetal blood circulation begins with oxygen and nutrient-rich blood flowing from the placenta to the fetus via the umbilical vein.
- 🌬 The umbilical vein transports about 500 ml of blood per minute, passing through the ductus venosus to the inferior vena cava.
- ❤️ Blood from the inferior vena cava enters the right atrium, with most of it flowing to the left atrium through the foramen ovale.
- 💨 In the fetal stage, blood does not go to the lungs for gas exchange, as the lungs are still developing. Instead, it passes through the ductus arteriosus into the aorta.
- 🫀 After birth, the baby's lungs expand with the first breath, starting the process of gas exchange in the lungs.
- 🚼 The closure of the ductus arteriosus and the foramen ovale marks the transition from fetal to newborn circulation.
- ⚖ The shift in pressure between the left and right atrium after birth stimulates the closure of the foramen ovale.
- 🙏 The video concludes by thanking viewers and reminding them to subscribe, like, comment, and share.
Q & A
What is the primary role of the umbilical vein in fetal circulation?
-The umbilical vein carries oxygen-rich and nutrient-rich blood from the placenta to the fetus. Approximately 500 ml of blood per minute flows through the umbilical vein, supplying the fetus with essential nutrients and oxygen.
How does fetal blood bypass the liver during circulation?
-In fetal circulation, blood bypasses the liver through the ductus venosus, allowing the oxygenated blood from the umbilical vein to flow directly to the inferior vena cava and then to the heart.
What is the role of the foramen ovale in fetal circulation?
-The foramen ovale allows most of the oxygen-rich blood from the right atrium to pass directly into the left atrium, bypassing the fetal lungs, which are not yet functional.
Why does only a small amount of blood flow to the fetal lungs?
-Since the fetal lungs are not fully developed and do not participate in gas exchange, only a small amount of blood flows to the lungs to support their growth. Most of the blood bypasses the lungs through the ductus arteriosus.
What is the function of the ductus arteriosus in fetal circulation?
-The ductus arteriosus diverts blood from the pulmonary artery to the aorta, bypassing the non-functional fetal lungs, which are not yet involved in gas exchange.
How does fetal blood return to the placenta for gas exchange?
-Blood high in carbon dioxide returns to the placenta for gas exchange through the iliac arteries and the umbilical arteries.
What happens to the umbilical cord after birth?
-After birth, the umbilical cord is clamped, stopping the flow of oxygen and nutrients from the mother to the baby. The baby must then rely on its own lungs and digestive system for oxygen and nutrients.
How do the lungs adapt after birth in a newborn?
-With the newborn's first breath, the lungs expand, and the alveoli in the lungs clear out fluid. The increased blood pressure in the baby's body and decreased lung pressure facilitate the transition to normal lung function for oxygen exchange.
What triggers the closure of the foramen ovale after birth?
-After birth, the increase in blood pressure in the left atrium and the decrease in pressure in the right atrium cause the foramen ovale to close, completing the transition from fetal to neonatal circulation.
What is the significance of the closure of the ductus arteriosus after birth?
-The closure of the ductus arteriosus ensures that blood no longer bypasses the lungs and is instead directed to the lungs for oxygen exchange, allowing the newborn to breathe independently.
Outlines
🌟 Blood Circulation in the Fetus
This paragraph explains the blood circulation system in a fetus. The fetus's blood circulation begins with oxygen-rich and nutrient-rich blood from the placenta flowing to the fetus through the umbilical vein. The blood volume is approximately 500 ml per minute. The blood then passes through the liver, the ductus venosus, and mixes with blood returning from the lower body through the inferior vena cava. A significant portion of this blood bypasses the lungs via the foramen ovale and the ductus arteriosus, as the lungs are not yet developed. The blood from the left atrium is then pumped to the rest of the body through the aorta. The blood rich in carbon dioxide returns to the placenta through the iliac arteries and the umbilical arteries for gas exchange. The paragraph concludes by describing how the fetal circulation will change after birth.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Circulation
💡Fetus
💡Placenta
💡Umbilical Cord
💡Ductus Venosus
💡Inferior Vena Cava
💡Foramen Ovale
💡Ductus Arteriosus
💡Alveoli
💡Transition
💡Neonatal Circulation
Highlights
Introduction to the fetal blood circulation system
Blood circulation begins with oxygen-rich blood from the placenta
Blood flows through the umbilical vein to the fetus
Approximately 500 ml of blood flows through the umbilical vein per minute
Blood bypasses the liver through the ductus venosus
Blood mixes in the inferior vena cava
Most blood bypasses the lungs through the foramen ovale
Blood from the superior vena cava goes to the lungs
The lungs receive blood through the ductus arteriosus
Blood in the left atrium is pumped to the body via the aorta
Blood rich in carbon dioxide returns to the placenta
The fetal circulation system repeats to receive nutrients and oxygen
Introduction to the postnatal blood circulation system
The umbilical cord is clamped, and the baby no longer receives oxygen and nutrients from the mother
The baby's first breath causes the lungs to expand
The alveoli in the lungs are cleared of fluid, increasing blood pressure
The closure of the ductus arteriosus is triggered by the changes in blood pressure
The increased pressure in the left atrium closes the foramen ovale
The closure of the ductus arteriosus and foramen ovale completes the transition from fetal to newborn circulation
Call to action for viewers to subscribe, like, comment, and share
Transcripts
Assalamualaikum Selamat datang di
channel YouTube aku
perkenalkan nama saya lulus septiarini
Aryanda Putri di sini aku mau
menjelaskan tentang sistem peredaran
darah pada janin dan sistem peredaran
darah setelah lahir
yang pertama yaitu sistem peredaran
darah pada janin apa sih sistem
peredaran darah pada janin Nah jadi
proses sirkulasi darah janin dimulai
dari Darah kaya akan oksigen dan nutrisi
mengalir dari plasenta ke janin melalui
pena umbilicalis yang terdapat pada tali
pusat jumlah darah yang mengalir melalui
tali pusat sekitar 500 ml per menit
melalui pena umbilah kalis menuju liver
melalui duktus spinosus
kemudian darah mengalir ke dalam Vena
kapak inferior dicampur darah yang
kembali dari bagian bawah tubuh dari
pena kapal inferior masuk ke atrium
kanan kemudian sebagian besar darah akan
dialirkan ke atrium kiri melalui foramen
oval sebagian kecil darah dari atrium
kanan masuk ke ventrikel kanan
bersama-sama dengan darah yang berasal
dari Vena kapak Superior darah yang
berada di ventrikel kanan masuk ke
paru-paru tetapi karena paru-paru belum
berkembang maka darah yang terdapat pada
Arteri pulmonalis dialirkan menuju aorta
melalui duktus arteriosus botali
selanjutnya darah yang ke paru-paru
bukan untuk pertukaran gas tetapi untuk
memberi makanan kepada paru-paru yang
sedang tumbuh darah yang terdapat pada
Atrium kiri kemudian dialirkan ke
ventrikel kiri dan diteruskan ke seluruh
tubuh melalui aorta selanjutnya darah
yang berada di aorta yang kaya akan
karbondioksida kembali ke plasenta
melalui Arteri iliaka kemudian ke Arteri
umbilicalis untuk mengadakan pertukaran
gas selanjutnya selanjutnya sirkulasi
darah janin akan berulang kembali
menerima nutrisi dan oksigen dari
plasenta melalui duktus penosus aranti
menuju pena kapak imperior yang kaya
akan oksigen dan nutrisi
yang kedua yaitu sistem peredaran darah
setelah lahir Nah jadi saat lahir tali
pusat dijepit dan bayi tidak lagi
menerima oksigen dan nutrisi dari ibu
dengan nafas pertama kehidupan paru-paru
mulai mengembang saat paru-paru
mengembang alveoli di paru-paru
dibersihkan dari cairan peningkatan
tekanan darah bayi dan penurunan tekanan
paru yang di signifikan mengurangi
kebutuhan duktus arterosus untuk
mengalirkan darah
jadi perubahan ini mendorong penutupan
San perubahan Ini meningkatkan tekanan
di Atrium kiri jantung yang menurunkan
tekanan di atrium kanan pergeseran
tekanan merangsang foramen oval untuk
menutup penutupan duktus arteriosis dan
foramen oval melengkapi transisi
sirkulasi janin ke sirkulasi bayi baru
lahir
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