Struktur Atom (4) | Apa itu isotop, isoton, dan isobar? | Kimia Kelas 10

Summary

This educational video script introduces the concepts of isotopes, isotones, and isobars in chemistry. It explains isotopes as atoms with the same atomic number but different mass numbers, isotones as atoms with the same number of neutrons, and isobars as atoms with the same mass number but different atomic numbers. The script uses examples and mnemonics to help viewers remember these concepts and includes a practice exercise to identify isotopes, isotones, and isobars among given atoms.

Takeaways

• 🔬 Isotopes are atoms with the same atomic number (protons) but different mass numbers (protons + neutrons).
• 📚 The word 'isotope' ends in 'tope', which stands for 'proton', indicating that isotopes have the same number of protons.
• 🌐 Example isotopes include carbon-12 and carbon-13, both with an atomic number of 6 but different mass numbers.
• 🤔 Isotones are atoms with the same number of neutrons, which can be calculated by subtracting the atomic number from the mass number.
• 📝 The word 'isotone' ends in 'tone', which stands for 'neutron', indicating that isotones have the same number of neutrons.
• 🧠 Example isotones include magnesium-24 and sodium-23, both with 12 neutrons.
• 📊 Isobaric atoms have the same mass number but different atomic numbers and proton counts.
• 🔢 The word 'isobar' is associated with 'bar', symbolizing mass number, which is the number above the element symbol.
• 📖 Example isobaric atoms include xenon-131 and iodine-131, both with a mass number of 131.
• 🔍 To identify isotopes, isotones, and isobaric pairs, one must compare the atomic numbers, mass numbers, and neutron counts of different atoms.
• 🎓 The video provides a practical exercise to help viewers differentiate between isotopes, isotones, and isobaric atoms.

Q & A

What are isotopes?

Isotopes are atoms that have the same atomic number, which means they have the same number of protons, but different mass numbers due to a different number of neutrons.

How can you remember the term 'isotope'?

The term 'isotope' ends with 'tope' which stands for 'proton', indicating that isotopes have the same number of protons.

What is an example of isotopes mentioned in the script?

An example of isotopes given is carbon-12 and carbon-13, both having the atomic number 6 but different mass numbers.

What are isotones?

Isotones are atoms that have the same number of neutrons, which can be calculated by subtracting the atomic number from the mass number.

How can you remember the term 'isotone'?

The term 'isotone' ends with 'tone' which stands for 'neutron', indicating that isotones have the same number of neutrons.

What is an example of isotones mentioned in the script?

An example of isotones given is magnesium-24 and sodium-23, both having 12 neutrons.

What are isobars?

Isobars are atoms that have the same mass number but different atomic numbers and proton counts.

How can you remember the term 'isobar'?

The term 'isobar' starts with 'bar' which is a symbol for mass number, indicating that isobars have the same mass number.

What is an example of isobars mentioned in the script?

An example of isobars given is xenon-131 and iodine-131, both having a mass number of 131.

How can you determine if two atoms are isotopes?

To determine if two atoms are isotopes, check if they have the same atomic number but different mass numbers.

How can you determine if two atoms are isotones?

To determine if two atoms are isotones, calculate the number of neutrons by subtracting the atomic number from the mass number and check if they are the same.

How can you determine if two atoms are isobars?

To determine if two atoms are isobars, check if they have the same mass number but different atomic numbers.