Human centered design

Summary

This script from a design and creativity class introduces human-centered design, emphasizing the importance of user needs over designer preferences. It discusses integrating user feedback throughout the design process to create solutions tailored to users' needs and desires. Examples like the shift to e-wallets during the pandemic illustrate adapting to user behavior. The class covers empathy, problem-solving, iteration, and collaboration as key elements of design thinking, using the smartphone light sensor as a case study to demonstrate the process of understanding and addressing user challenges.

Takeaways

• 🌟 Human-centered design prioritizes the user's needs, wishes, and behaviors over the designer's preferences.
• 🔄 The process involves integrating feedback and requirements from potential users at every stage of design and creation.
• 📱 The adoption of e-wallets increased due to the pandemic, showing how user behavior adapts to new technologies and circumstances.
• 👀 Observing user behavior is crucial for understanding needs that users themselves might not be able to articulate.
• 🤔 Human-centered design in design thinking involves empathy, defining problems, ideating, prototyping, and testing.
• 👥 Collaboration with users is key to refining solutions and ensuring they meet the target needs effectively.
• 🔍 Problem-solving in design thinking views challenges as opportunities for innovation and improvement.
• 🔄 Iteration is a cycle of learning from previous versions' shortcomings and incorporating user feedback for better solutions.
• 🤝 Empathy is essential in design thinking to understand users' needs, desires, and habits.
• 🛠️ Problem-solving is about creating more beneficial, suitable, effective, and efficient solutions to address issues.
• ♻️ Iteration is about improving upon previous designs and solutions by learning from their不足 and incorporating user feedback.

Q & A

What is the main topic discussed in the script?

The main topic discussed in the script is 'human-centered design', which emphasizes the importance of focusing on the user's needs, desires, and behaviors when designing products or solutions.

What is the significance of the user in human-centered design?

In human-centered design, the user is of utmost importance as the design process is centered around their needs, desires, and behaviors, rather than just the designer's preferences.

How does the script relate the shift to digital payments during the pandemic to human-centered design?

The script uses the shift to digital payments during the pandemic as an example of how user behavior and needs can change, and how human-centered design adapts to these changes by prioritizing user convenience and safety.

What role does observation play in understanding human needs in the context of human-centered design?

Observation plays a crucial role in understanding human needs by allowing designers to identify difficulties or pain points users face in their interactions with products or services, which might not be explicitly expressed by the users themselves.

What is the definition of human-centered design as mentioned in the script?

Human-centered design is defined as an approach that prioritizes human needs, abilities, and habits before designing a solution that can accommodate or meet those needs, abilities, and usage patterns.

How does the script suggest incorporating user feedback into the design process?

The script suggests incorporating user feedback by integrating their needs and desires at every stage of the design and creation process, ensuring that the final product or solution aligns with what the users require and want.

What is the importance of empathy in the human-centered design process?

Empathy is important in human-centered design as it allows designers to understand and relate to the user's problems, experiences, and cultural context, which is essential for creating solutions that are truly relevant and useful.

Can you explain the concept of 'sensing making' in the context of the script?

Sensing making refers to the process of interpreting and understanding the problems users face, often by placing oneself in the user's situation to feel the difficulties and identify the root causes of their issues.

What is the purpose of system mapping in the design thinking process as described in the script?

System mapping in the design thinking process helps to identify where the problem lies within the system, whether it's with the user, the device, or the environment, allowing for a more targeted and effective solution.

How does the script illustrate the concept of iteration in human-centered design?

Iteration in human-centered design is depicted as a cycle of learning from the shortcomings of previous versions, improving upon them, and incorporating user feedback to develop a better and more accurate solution.

What is the role of collaboration in the human-centered design process according to the script?

Collaboration plays a significant role in the human-centered design process as it involves working with team members and users to achieve a common goal of providing beneficial, accurate, and effective solutions.

Outlines

00:00

😀 Introduction to Human-Centered Design

The video script introduces the concept of human-centered design in the context of a design and creativity class. The instructors emphasize the importance of focusing on the users' needs, desires, and behaviors when developing products or solutions. The process involves integrating feedback and requirements from potential users at every stage of design and creation. The definition of human-centered design is presented as an approach that prioritizes human needs, abilities, and habits before designing a solution. The instructors use the example of the shift towards digital payments during the pandemic, highlighting how user behavior and technology interact. The necessity for observation and understanding user needs beyond what they can articulate is also discussed, along with the importance of empathy, ethnographic research, and defining problems to create effective solutions.

05:05

🔍 Problem Solving and Solution Implementation

This section delves into the problem-solving phase of human-centered design, where the instructors discuss the process of defining problems and generating insights from user experiences and research. They use the example of smartphone light sensors to illustrate how understanding user challenges can lead to innovative solutions. The instructors guide through the process of mapping problems, defining solutions, and considering user feedback during the design phase. They emphasize the importance of collaboration with users to refine and optimize solutions, such as the placement of a light sensor on a smartphone. The discussion also touches on prototyping, testing with users, and iterating based on feedback to improve the design.

10:05

🤝 Empathy, Iteration, and Collaboration in Design Thinking

The final paragraph focuses on the skills required for human-centered design within design thinking. Empathy is highlighted as a key skill, allowing designers to understand user needs and experiences. Problem-solving is presented as an opportunity for innovation, where challenges are seen as chances to develop more effective and efficient solutions. Iteration is described as a cycle of learning from previous versions and incorporating user feedback to improve designs. Collaboration is emphasized as crucial for solving problems and providing beneficial solutions, involving teamwork and user engagement. The instructors conclude by encouraging students to apply these concepts in their design processes and look forward to their creativity and growth in future classes.

Keywords

💡Human-Centered Design

Human-Centered Design is an approach that prioritizes the user's needs, capabilities, and behaviors at the center of the design process. It ensures that solutions are tailored to the users' requirements and desires, rather than being solely based on the designer's preferences. In the video, this concept is emphasized as the foundation for developing products or solutions that are in line with the users' needs and wishes, as opposed to being designer-centric.

💡Feedback

Feedback in the context of the video refers to the information or responses gathered from potential users during the design process. It is crucial for understanding the users' needs and preferences, which can then be incorporated into the design to create a product that is more user-friendly and effective. The script mentions the need to unify feedback, desires, and needs of potential users at every stage of design and creation.

💡Digital Transformation

Digital Transformation is the shift from traditional to digital processes and technologies. The video script uses the example of e-wallets, which became more prevalent due to the pandemic, to illustrate how digital transformation can change user behavior and preferences. People who were initially reluctant to use e-wallets due to security concerns have become more accustomed to them as physical cash became a risk factor for disease transmission.

💡Observation

Observation is a method used in the design process to understand the users' needs by watching how they interact with a product or service. The video script highlights the importance of observation in identifying the real needs of users, which might not be explicitly stated but can be inferred from their actions and struggles during tasks. It is a key method for gaining insights into user behavior and improving the design accordingly.

💡Empathy

Empathy in the video refers to the ability to understand and share the feelings of the users. It is the first step in the design thinking process where designers try to put themselves in the users' shoes to grasp their problems and experiences. The script mentions that empathy is crucial for truly understanding the users' needs and challenges, which is essential for creating effective solutions.

💡Problem Solving

Problem Solving is the process of identifying, analyzing, and resolving issues to achieve a desired outcome. In the video, problem solving is presented as an opportunity for innovation, where challenges are seen as chances to develop more effective, beneficial, and efficient solutions. The script uses the example of adjusting the brightness of a smartphone screen in different lighting conditions to illustrate how problem solving can lead to innovative design solutions.

💡Iterative Design

Iterative Design is a cyclical process of learning, improving, and refining a design based on feedback and testing. The video script emphasizes that each iteration should build upon the previous one, incorporating user feedback and addressing any shortcomings to create a better and more targeted solution. This approach allows for continuous improvement and adaptation to user needs.

💡Collaboration

Collaboration in the video refers to the act of working together with team members and users to achieve a common goal. It is an essential part of the human-centered design process, where designers, developers, and users work in tandem to create solutions that are beneficial and effective. The script mentions the importance of collaboration in refining prototypes and incorporating user feedback to achieve a final product that meets user needs.

💡Prototype

A Prototype in the context of the video is an initial model or version of a product that is used for testing and feedback. It allows designers to test their ideas and make necessary adjustments before finalizing the design. The script discusses how prototypes can be tested with users to identify any issues or improvements needed, such as the placement of a light sensor in a smartphone, which can affect its functionality.

💡Testing

Testing in the video is the process of evaluating a product or solution to ensure it meets the user's needs and performs as intended. It is a critical step in the design process where prototypes are put to the test with real users to gather feedback and identify any issues. The script uses the example of testing a smartphone's light sensor placement to demonstrate how testing can reveal problems that need to be addressed in the design.

💡Design Thinking

Design Thinking is a problem-solving approach that focuses on empathy, creativity, and experimentation to develop innovative solutions. The video script integrates design thinking with human-centered design, emphasizing the importance of understanding user needs, generating ideas, and iteratively refining them through collaboration and testing. It is presented as a holistic method for creating products and services that are user-centric and effective.

Highlights

Introduction to human-centered design, emphasizing the importance of user needs over designer preferences.

Focus on integrating user feedback, desires, and needs at every stage of design and production.

Definition of human-centered design as an approach prioritizing human needs, abilities, and habits before designing solutions.

Observation of user behavior and habits in relation to technology, such as the shift from cash to e-wallets due to pandemic concerns.

The importance of understanding user needs through observation, as users may not be able to articulate their needs clearly.

The process of empathy in design thinking, which involves understanding problems from the user's perspective.

Utilizing ethnographic research to understand user habits, problems faced, and cultural practices.

The example of smartphone light sensors adjusting to different lighting conditions as a problem-solving opportunity.

Sensing making and system mapping to identify the root cause of problems within the system.

Defining the problem and generating insights from user experiences and research to create effective solutions.

The idea of making smartphones adapt to ambient light conditions automatically, showcasing the application of human-centered design.

Collaboration with potential users to refine solutions, such as the placement of light sensors in smartphones.

Prototyping and user testing to refine designs based on feedback and identify any issues.

Iterative design process, learning from previous versions, and incorporating user feedback for improvement.

The role of collaboration in solving problems and providing beneficial, effective, and practical solutions.

Encouragement for students to continue developing their skills in empathy, problem-solving, iteration, and collaboration.

Closing remarks, looking forward to the next class and the continuous journey of creativity and development.

Transcripts

Halo teman-teman saya (Pak) Agon Selamat datang  di kelas pemikiran desain dan kreativitas  

Halo semua selamat datang di kelas pemikiran desain dan kreativitas bersama saya (Miss) Dita

halo semua selamat berjumpa dengan (Mam) Bening dalam kelas pemikiran desain dan kreativitas

halo teman-teman Selamat datang kembali di kelas PDK. Pada kesempatan kali ini kita akan membahas yang namanya human-centered design  

yaitu dimana pengguna kita akan lebih penting  dibandingkan kita sebagai desain, pada human center  

design ini kita berfokus kepada produk atau solusi  yang akan kita kembangkan untuk pengguna jadi kita  

buat sesuai dengan kebutuhannya sesuai dengan  keinginan dari penggunanya dan bukan berdasarkan  

keinginan desainer saja. Maka dari itu dalam human  center design kita perlu untuk menyatukan feedback  

dan juga keinginan serta kebutuhan dari calon  pengguna kita dalam setiap tahapan desain dan  

pembuatan yang kita lakukan dan nantinya  produk yang baik itu atau solusi yang baik  

akan sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan juga keinginan  dari penggunanya. Untuk definisi dari human center  

design sendiri adalah suatu pendekatan bagaimana  kita mengutamakan kebutuhan kemudian kemampuan dan  

juga kebiasaan manusia sebelum kita mendesain  suatu solusi yang dapat mengakomodasi atau  

memenuhi kebutuhan, kemampuan dan juga bagaimana  kebiasaan orang itu menggunakan satu sistem

Nah kita melihat behaviornya atau kebiasaannya  itu dari psikologi pemakai terhadap teknologi  

jadi misalnya seperti ini teman-teman, dulu orang  masih males pakai e-wallet mungkin takut bisa dibobol  

datanya takut nanti uangnya kesedot terus hilang  gitu ya. Nah semenjak kemarin kita kena pandemi  

terus semuanya serba bergeser ke digital dan ya  teman-teman tahu ya uang fisik menjadi salah satu  

risiko untuk terjadinya transmisi penyakit. Nah  orang dipaksa, orang jadi terbiasa akhirnya untuk  

memakai e-wallet dan sekarang sampai sekarang  kita akan lebih banyak menemui penggunaan  

e-wallet dibandingkan kembali menggunakan uang biasa. Nah  jadi di sini juga teman-teman kita bisa melihat  

Bagaimana komunikasi juga interaksi antara  pengguna terhadap teknologi yang digunakan  

Selain itu kita dalam memahami suatu kebutuhan  manusia kita tetap memerlukan observasi  

Jadi kadang ketika kita menanyakan kepada calon  pengguna kita atau orang yang akan kita bantu  

Masalahnya dia tidak mengetahui secara pasti  sebenarnya yang dibutuhkan itu seperti apa  

tetapi ketika kita mengamati seseorang ketika  melakukan suatu pekerjaan dan kita bisa melihat  

ada kesusahan kah di situ, adakah mungkin bagian  yang membuat dia tersendat dalam prosesnya. Nah di  

situ yang kita akan mendefinisikan sebenarnya  kebutuhan dari orang itu apa. Untuk menerapkan  

human center design di dalam desain thinking  kita bisa melakukan beberapa proses seperti  

teman-teman ingat pada tahap pertama kita  melakukan empathy ya teman-teman, kita berusaha  

memahami permasalahan, kita memposisikan diri  sebagai orang yang menghadapi masalah tersebut  

kita bisa mendengarkan dari cerita Kemudian dari  pengalaman mereka gitu ya, yang menjadi kesusahan  

apa dan atau kita bisa melakukan riset secara  etnografi, mungkin kebiasaan di sekitar situ apa  

kemudian permasalahan-permasalahan yang dihadapi  dalam kelompok itu seperti apa kebiasaannya yang  

menjadi kultur budayanya seperti apa, kita bisa  dapat dari situ. Misalnya nih Kalau dari segi  

teknologi teman-teman tahu kan kenapa sekarang  HP itu rata-rata ada sensor cahayanya. Nah kita  

kalau misalnya lagi di luar dan panas terik gitu  ya kita lihat HP kita kok gelap Gitu ya nah kita  

secara otomatis manual harus geser brightnessnya  supaya bisa kelihatan atau ke teman-teman kita  

lagi foto-foto di tempat yang terlalu terang ya  panas terbuka kan juga harus mengatur brightnessnya

supaya bisa terlihat nih kalau mau ngambil  gambar. Nah dari permasalahan-permasalahan itulah  

kita harus bisa sense making ya teman-teman kita  berusaha menempatkan diri juga kalau misalnya  

kita lagi di situasi seperti itu kan akan terasa  masalahnya kita terasa repotnya di situ nah dari  

situ juga kita bisa melakukan sistem mapping jadi  permasalahan tersebut sebenarnya ada di bagian  

sistem yang mana apakah dari penggunanya ataukah  dari perangkatnya, apakah dari sensor yang ada  

di dalamnya itu gitu ya. Kita bisa mapping sebenarnya  yang menjadi masalah itu dari apanya atau mungkin  

bahkan dari lingkungannya nah kita bisa menentukan  dari situ setelah kita berempati Dan Kita  

mendapatkan gambaran permasalahannya kita  mendefine ya teman-teman, kita mendefinisikan  

permasalahannya yang perlu dipecahkan itu  apanya dan kita bisa mendapatkan insight atau  

pandangan-pandangan dari cerita-cerita pengalaman  atau dari riset-riset yang sudah kita lakukan dan  

kita perlu mengajukan satu pertanyaan teman-teman  Bagaimana caranya kita bisa untuk membantu mereka  

itu seperti apa, bagaimana kita bisa memecahkan  permasalahan tersebut, Bagaimana kita bisa  

mewujudkan solusi itu menjadi nyata gitu ya  Kalau mungkin dari solusinya yang terlalu  

mengada ada gitu ya. Nah misalnya soal tadi ya  merasa silau ketika kita di luar gitu ya dan HP  

kita terlalu gelap nah solusinya Bagaimana kita  bisa membuat si HP ini bisa menyesuaikan kondisi  

pencahayaan yang ada di luar ruangan misalnya  atau di ruangan manapun deh dengan intensitas  

cahaya yang berbeda-beda. Nah kita definisikan  nih bagaimana kita bisa membuat HP tersebut  

menyesuaikan dengan namanya sensor kan, jadi sensor  ini menangkap intensitas cahaya dan dari sensor  

itu bisa mengukur kemudian bisa menyesuaikan nah  itu nanti akan lanjut ke idenya. Jadi bagaimana  

kita bisa menerapkan dari solusi-solusi yang sudah  ada terhadap permasalahan yang kita hadapi gitu ya  

jadi misalnya, Oke deh berarti kita butuh sensor  yang bisa menangkap intensitas cahaya sensornya  

mau segede apa atau ditempatkannya di sebelah mana  Nah kita bisa mengambil dari ide-ide yang sudah  

ada misalnya implementasinya di HP itu seperti  apa kalau di perangkat lainnya seperti apa  

kemudian juga kita bisa melakukan kolaborasi  dengan calon pengguna misalnya mau desain HP  

baru tapi kita perlu nih penempatan sensor cahaya  di sebelah mana supaya optimal Apakah di atas  

ataukah di bawah samping dan mungkin ketika  penempatannya itu terlalu mencolok gitu ya  

pasti user akan berkomentar atau penggunanya akan  berkomentar, Ini kok ada kayak gini sih di sebelah  

sini kayaknya kurang nyaman nih, jadi kita bisa  sama-sama berkolaborasi untuk mewujudkan solusi  

tersebut. Nah setelah kita mendesain kita membuat  prototype atau purwarupanya jadi desain awalnya  

kemudian setelah kita wujudkan Prototype tersebut Kita uji cobakan ke user misalnya kita buat sensor  

cahayanya ada di atas ya di samping gitu ya kalau  Biasanya kita di layar depan kita coba aja di  

atas Apakah berpengaruh nah misalnya setelah  dicobah ternyata nggak ada pengaruhnya malah  

ketika ditaruh di samping atas ternyata tertutup  oleh casing misalnya nah dari situ kan kita jadi  

tahu Oh Ternyata kalau misalnya penempatannya di  situ jadi ada permasalahan baru jadi tidak bekerja  

dengan optimal, Terus mungkin kalau kayak gini bisa  dipasang pakai casing yang bening tapi nggak mau  

dong semua orang harus pakai casing yang bening  misalnya seperti itu. Jadi dari situ kita bisa  

memanfaatkan masukan-masukan dari pengguna atau  mungkin permasalahan yang timbul ketika penggunaan  

Prototype, untuk mengembangkan Prototype kita itu  menjadi lebih baik lagi dan lebih tepat sasaran  

Nah itu adalah pada tahap yang terakhir yaitu di  testing. Oke selanjutnya teman-teman dalam kita  

menerapkan human center design di dalam desain  thinking kita tetap membutuhkan kemampuan yang  

kita asah kita gunakan dalam desain thinking tentu saja. Yang pertama adalah empati dimana kita merasakan 

bagaimana kebutuhan dan keinginan pengguna dan  juga kebiasaannya, kira-kira pengguna ini biasanya  

menggunakan suatu solusi atau suatu aplikasi  atau suatu perangkat produk itu seperti apa.

Kemudian yang kedua adalah problem solving, jadi  kita melihat permasalahan-permasalahan yang muncul  

sebagai kesempatan kita untuk berinovasi, kita mengembangkan satu solusi yang lebih

bermanfaat lebih cocok mungkin lebih efektif  dan efisien terhadap pemecahan suatu masalah.

kemudian yang ketiga yang menjadi bagian dari desain thinking dan human center design adalah iterasi  

Jadi iterasi merupakan suatu siklus dimana kita  belajar dari kekurangan di versi pendahulunya  

mungkin dari solusi-solusi yang sudah ada tapi  masih ada kekurangan gitu ya. Nah kita coba  

improve dan juga kita menggabungkan  masukan dari pengguna, masukkan dari

pengguna kita ketika mencoba Prototype kita untuk dikembangkan dalam versi yang lebih

baru dan lebih tepat sasaran tentu saja harapannya. Kemudian yang terakhir adalah kolaborasi, jadi kita

dalam memecahkan suatu permasalahan, ketika kita  menyediakan suatu solusi kita perlu berkolaborasi

dengan anggota tim kita dan juga dengan pengguna  kita supaya kita bisa mencapai tujuan yang sama

yaitu kita bisa memberikan solusi yang bermanfaat, tepat dan juga berdaya guna teman-teman. Nah jadi  

itu teman-teman untuk materi kita pada kesempatan  kali ini sampai jumpa di video berikutnya  

selamat berproses, berkreasi dan  berkembang bersama kami di kelas PDK.

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