Electrical Corona Losses in Transmission Line | Electrical Corona Effect in Transmission Lines

Summary

The script delves into the phenomenon of Corona discharge in high-voltage transmission lines, where ionized air causes a luminous glow and hissing noise. It discusses the factors influencing Corona, its impact on energy loss, and methods to mitigate it, including the use of Corona rings and optimizing conductor design. The summary also touches on the effects of weather conditions like fog on power transmission and the challenges it poses to equipment maintenance and efficiency.

Takeaways

• 🌐 The phenomenon known as Corona discharge occurs when the electrostatic field around high voltage transmission lines ionizes the surrounding air, causing the conductors to glow and produce a hissing noise.
• 🔌 Corona effect is observed when the potential gradient at the conductor surface reaches 30 kV/cm, leading to air ionization and the creation of a virtual conductor that emits light and sound.
• 💡 Corona Rings, also known as grading rings or anti-corona rings, are devices installed on transmission lines to control electric field distribution and mitigate the corona effect, improving transmission efficiency.
• 🛠️ The primary purpose of Corona Rings is to modify the electric field around conductors, reducing the electric field intensity at critical points and minimizing the likelihood of corona discharge.
• 🔍 Corona loss is a type of power loss in transmission lines caused by the ionization of air molecules near the conductors, which carries current and results in energy dissipation as heat and light.
• 📉 Factors affecting the corona phenomenon include conductor size, surface condition, spacing between conductors, supply voltage, and atmospheric conditions.
• 🔧 Methods for reducing Corona losses include using larger diameter conductors, increasing conductor spacing, installing Corona Rings, improving insulator performance, and optimizing transmission line routing.
• 🛡️ Corona discharge can have both advantages and disadvantages; it can limit voltage surges and reduce audible noise from wind-induced conductor vibrations, but it also leads to energy losses, insulation damage, and electromagnetic interference.
• 🚫 The energy dissipated due to the Corona effect is undesirable as it reduces the efficiency of the transmission system and increases operating costs.
• ⚠️ Intense Corona effects can cause flashover in insulators or between phases, leading to equipment damage if not carefully designed to reduce the corona effect.
• 🌫️ Foggy weather can cause challenges for power transmission by altering the electric field around conductors, leading to Corona discharge, energy loss, audible noise, and increased wear on transmission equipment.

Q & A

What is the Corona effect in high voltage transmission lines?

The Corona effect, also known as Corona discharge, is a phenomenon where the air surrounding high voltage transmission lines ionizes, causing the conductors to glow and produce a hissing noise. It occurs when the electrostatic field across the transmission line conductors is strong enough to ionize the air, typically when the potential gradient reaches 30 kV/cm.

Why does the air ionize around transmission line conductors?

The air ionizes around transmission line conductors when the electric field intensity exceeds 30 kV/cm. At this point, the air can no longer act as an insulator, and the induced current between the conductor starts to flow through the air, causing it to become conductive and ionized.

What are the consequences of the Corona effect on transmission lines?

The Corona effect leads to energy loss in the form of heat and light, reduced transmission efficiency, and the release of ozone gas. It can also cause audible noise and potentially damage insulators and other equipment over time.

What are Corona Rings and how do they mitigate the Corona effect?

Corona Rings, also known as grading rings or anti-corona rings, are devices installed on high voltage transmission lines to control the electric field distribution. They are typically mounted on transmission line towers and are strategically positioned to modify the electric field surrounding the conductors, reducing the field intensity at critical points and minimizing the likelihood of Corona discharge.

How are Corona Rings constructed and what materials are typically used?

Corona Rings are usually constructed from materials with high electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance, such as aluminum or copper. They are often shaped as concentric rings or cylinders with smooth surfaces to facilitate the redistribution of electric field lines.

What is Corona loss and how does it affect power transmission?

Corona loss is the power loss in transmission lines due to the ionization of air molecules near the conductors. This loss manifests as heat and light energy and is undesirable as it reduces the overall efficiency of the power transmission system.

What factors affect the occurrence of Corona discharge?

Factors affecting Corona discharge include conductor size, surface condition, spacing between conductors, supply voltage, atmospheric conditions, and air density. Rough or irregular surfaces, high voltage, and certain weather conditions can increase the likelihood of Corona discharge.

How can the Corona loss be reduced in transmission lines?

Corona loss can be reduced by using conductors with larger diameters, increasing the spacing between conductors, installing Corona Rings, optimizing conductor design, improving insulator performance, and planning transmission line routing to avoid areas with high pollution levels or adverse environmental conditions.

What is the significance of the corona factor equation in understanding Corona losses?

The corona factor equation, empirically derived by FW Peak, helps in understanding the total amount of power loss in a wire due to the Corona effect. It shows that the power loss is related to the radius of the conductor, among other factors, and is used to optimize transmission line design to minimize losses.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of Corona discharge in transmission lines?

Advantages include the dissipation of excess energy to limit voltage surges and the reduction of audible noise from wind-induced conductor vibrations. Disadvantages include energy losses, insulation damage, potential interference with communication systems, and the production of ozone gas which can cause corrosion.

How does foggy weather impact high voltage power transmission and the occurrence of Corona discharge?

Foggy weather can cause Corona discharge by altering the electric field around conductors as water droplets accumulate on their surface. This can lead to energy loss, audible noise, and increased wear on transmission equipment, as well as challenges in transformer cooling and insulation due to high humidity.

Outlines

00:00

🌌 Understanding Corona Effect in High Voltage Transmission Lines

The first paragraph delves into the phenomenon known as Corona discharge or effect, which occurs when the electrostatic field around high voltage transmission lines ionizes the surrounding air, causing the conductors to glow with a violet light and produce a hissing noise. This effect is significant when the potential gradient reaches 30 kV/cm. The ionized air acts as a virtual conductor, leading to energy loss through heat and light, as well as the release of ozone gas. To mitigate this, specialized devices like Corona Rings are installed on transmission lines to control the electric field distribution and reduce the intensity at critical points, thus minimizing the likelihood of Corona discharge. The paragraph also discusses the impact of Corona effect on power loss, the role of conductor size, spacing, supply voltage, and atmospheric conditions on the occurrence of Corona discharge.

05:01

🛠️ Methods to Reduce Corona Losses in Transmission Lines

The second paragraph focuses on strategies to reduce Corona losses, which are a major type of power loss in high voltage transmission lines. It emphasizes the importance of conductor size, material, and surface conditions, as well as air density and the spacing between conductors in influencing Corona effect. The paragraph suggests using larger diameter conductors, hollow conductors, and bundled conductors to increase the effective diameter and reduce electric field intensity. It also highlights the use of Corona Rings to redistribute the electric field and improve insulator performance. Additionally, it discusses the optimization of transmission line routing to avoid high pollution areas and the benefits of increasing conductor size to reduce surface current density and the likelihood of Corona discharge.

10:02

🌪️ Impact and Mitigation of Corona Losses in Various Conditions

The third paragraph discusses the advantages and disadvantages of Corona losses. On the positive side, Corona discharge can help limit voltage surges and reduce audible noise caused by wind-induced conductor vibrations. However, it also results in energy losses, insulation damage, electromagnetic interference, and corrosion due to the production of ozone gas. The paragraph explains how Corona losses occur due to the ionization of air around conductors and the subsequent dissipation of energy. It also outlines factors affecting Corona losses, such as conductor size, transmission voltage, and weather conditions, and the consequences of these losses on transmission efficiency, operating costs, and potential interference with communication systems.

15:03

⛈️ Foggy Weather and Its Effects on Corona Discharge and Power Transmission

The final paragraph addresses the specific challenges that foggy weather presents to power transmission, particularly in relation to Corona discharge. It explains how fog can cause water droplets to accumulate on conductor surfaces, altering the electric field and leading to Corona discharge. This results in energy loss, audible noise, and increased wear on transmission equipment. The paragraph also touches on transformer cooling issues, corrosion concerns due to high humidity, and the impact of fog on the insulating properties of materials, which can lead to electrical insulation issues.

Keywords

💡Corona discharge

Corona discharge is an electrical phenomenon where the air around a high voltage conductor becomes ionized, creating a conductive path for electricity to leak into the air. It is characterized by a hissing noise and a luminous glow, often violet in color. The term is central to the video's theme, as it discusses the effects of this discharge on high voltage transmission lines, including energy loss and audible noise. For example, the script mentions that 'Corona discharge or Corona effect...produces a hissing noise with a luminous Violet glow.'

💡Transmission lines

Transmission lines are high voltage electrical conductors used to transmit power over long distances. They are a critical component of the power grid and are the focus of the video's discussion on the impact of corona discharge. The script explains that 'Corona effect in transmission lines...occurs when the electrostatic field across the transmission line conductors produces the condition of potential gradient.'

💡Potential gradient

Potential gradient refers to the change in electric potential over a unit distance, which is a measure of the electric field's strength. In the context of the video, the potential gradient is what causes air to ionize and lead to corona discharge when it reaches a certain threshold at the conductor's surface. The script states that 'the air gets ionized when the potential gradient at the conductor surface reaches the value of 30 KV by CM.'

💡Ionization

Ionization is the process by which neutral atoms or molecules become electrically charged by gaining or losing electrons. In the script, ionization is the key process that leads to corona discharge, as it describes how air molecules are split into charged particles when the electric field around a conductor is strong enough. The script mentions, 'the air gets ionized when the potential gradient at the conductor surface reaches the value of 30 KV by CM.'

💡Corona rings

Corona rings, also known as grading rings or anti-corona rings, are devices installed on high voltage transmission lines to control the electric field distribution and mitigate the corona effect. They are designed to reduce the intensity of the electric field at critical points on the conductors. The script explains their purpose: 'the primary purpose of Corona Rings is to modify the electric field surrounding the conductors in order to reduce the intensity of the electric field at critical points and minimize the likelihood of Corona discharge.'

💡Electric field intensity

Electric field intensity is the measure of the electric field's strength at a particular point. It is a crucial factor in the occurrence of corona discharge, as the discharge is initiated when the field intensity exceeds the air's dielectric strength. The script relates this to transmission lines by stating, 'when the voltage of air surrounding the conductor exceeds the value of 30 KV by CM the charging current starts to flow through the air.'

💡Ozone gas

Ozone gas is a byproduct of the corona discharge process, where the ionization of air molecules leads to the formation of ozone. The script mentions the release of ozone gas as one of the effects of the corona effect: 'the corona effects leads to high voltage drop and energy loss along with the release of Ozone gas.'

💡Energy loss

Energy loss in the context of the video refers to the reduction in power transmission efficiency due to corona discharge. The energy is dissipated as heat and light due to the ionization of air around the conductors. The script describes this as 'Corona loss is the other major type of power loss in transmission lines essentially Corona loss is caused by the ionization of air molecules near the transmission line conductors.'

💡Insulator strings

Insulator strings are components of transmission line towers that provide electrical insulation to the conductors. They are mentioned in the script in relation to the placement of corona rings: 'these rings are typically mounted on the hardware of transmission line Towers such as insulator strings or support structures.'

💡Conductor size

The size of a conductor, particularly its diameter, has a significant impact on the occurrence of corona discharge and the resulting energy loss. Larger conductors have a lower electric field intensity around them, reducing the likelihood of corona discharge. The script discusses this by stating, 'using conductors with larger diameters reduces the electric field intensity around the conductors, lowering the likelihood of Corona discharge and minimizing Corona losses.'

Highlights

Corona discharge, also known as the Corona effect, occurs when the electrostatic field around high voltage transmission lines ionizes the surrounding air, causing the conductors to glow and produce a hissing noise.

The air ionizes at a potential gradient of 30 kV/cm, which is the threshold for Corona effect in transmission lines.

Corona Rings, or grading rings, are installed on transmission lines to control electric field distribution and mitigate the Corona effect.

Corona discharge leads to energy loss, manifesting as heat and light due to air ionization around conductors.

Corona loss is a major type of power loss in transmission lines, caused by the ionization of air molecules near the conductors.

Factors affecting Corona include conductor size, surface condition, spacing between conductors, supply voltage, and atmospheric conditions.

Corona discharge can cause hissing, cackling noises, a glow, and the smell of ozone due to the breakdown and recombination of O2 molecules.

The corona factor equation, derived by FW Peak, helps in understanding the total power loss due to the Corona effect.

Increasing the conductor's radius through bundling reduces the amount of metal needed and lowers Corona loss.

Corona losses can be reduced by using conductors with larger diameters, hollow conductors, or bundled conductors.

Installing Corona Rings at strategic locations helps redistribute the electric field, reducing its intensity and mitigating Corona discharge.

Corona discharge can generate audible noise, but it can also reduce noise from wind-induced conductor vibrations.

Corona losses result in energy dissipation, reduced transmission efficiency, and increased operating costs.

Intense Corona discharge can cause degradation and erosion of insulator surfaces, leading to power outages and equipment damage.

Foggy weather can cause Corona discharge by altering the electric field around conductors and leading to energy loss and audible noise.

Transformer cooling issues and corrosion concerns are associated with foggy conditions in power generation and transmission systems.

Fog and high humidity can affect the insulating properties of materials, leading to electrical insulation issues.

Transcripts

ionization of air surrounding the high

voltage transmission lines causing the

conductors to Glow producing a hissing

noise is called Corona discharge or

Corona effect Corona effect in

transmission lines this phenomenon

occurs when the electrostatic field

across the transmission line conductors

produces the condition of potential

gradient the air gets ionized when the

potential gradient at the conductor

surface reaches the value of 30 KV by CM

at normal pressure in temperature in

transmission lines conductors are

surrounded by the air

air acts as a dialectric medium when the

electric field intensity is less than 30

KV by CM the induced current between the

conductor is not sufficient to ionize

the air however when the voltage of air

surrounding the conductor exceeds the

value of 30 KV by CM the charging

current starts to flow through the air

that his air has been ionized the

ionized air Act is a virtual conductor

producing a hissing sound with a

luminous Violet glow there is a hissing

noise with Violet glow phenomenon termed

as Corona effect which is commonly

observed in high voltage transmission

lines the corona effects leads to high

voltage drop and energy loss along with

release of Ozone gas there is a need to

be aware of this phenomenon and its

effects on the transmission system a

Corona discharge is an electrical

discharge caused by the ionization of a

fluid such as air surrounding a

conductor carrying a high voltage it

represents a local region where the air

has undergone electrical breakdown and

become conductive allowing charge to

continuously leak off the conductor into

the air

Corona Rings also known as grading Rings

or anti-c Corona rings are specialized

devices installed on high voltage

transmission lines to control the

electric field distribution and mitigate

the corona effect these rings are

typically mounted on the hardware of

transmission line Towers such as

insulator strings or support structures

and are strategically positioned along

the length of the line the primary

purpose of Corona Rings is to modify the

electric field surrounding the

conductors in order to reduce the

intensity of the electric field at

critical points and minimize the

likelihood of Corona

discharge Corona rings are typically

constructed from materials with high

electrical conductivity and corrosion

resistance such as aluminum or copper

they are often shaped as concentric

Rings or cylinders with smooth surfaces

to facilitate the desired redistribution

of electric field lines Corona Rings

play a critical role in controlling

Corona discharge and optimizing the

performance of high voltage transmission

transmission

lines understanding their function and

design occurs when energy is dis ated as

a result of the corona effect in high

voltage transmission lines these losses

manifest as heat and light energy due to

the ionization of air surrounding the

conductors Corona loss is the other

major type of power loss in transmission

lines essentially Corona loss is caused

by the ionization of air molecules near

the transmission line

conductors these Coronas do not spark

across lines but rather carry current

hence the loss in the air along the wire

Corona discharge and transmission lines

can lead to hissing cackling noises a

glow and the smell of ozone generated

from the breakdown and recombination of

o2

molecules the color and distribution of

this glow depends on the phrase of the

AC signal at any given moment in time

positive Coronas are smooth and blue in

color while negative Coronas are red and

spotty Corona loss only occurs when the

line toline voltage exceeds the corona

threshold unlike resistive loss which

were amount of power lost was a fixed

percentage of input the percentage of

power loss due to Corona is a function

of the Signal's voltage

Corona discharge power losses are also

highly dependent on the weather and

temperature Theory the corona Factor

equation was empirically derived by FW

Peak and published in

1911 in a later publication he modified

the original equation and he showed that

the total amount of power loss in a wire

due to the corona effect was equal to

the equation the radius of the conductor

has a large effect on the total amount

of Corona loss one way of getting lines

with the larger effective radius is

through the use of bundles where two to

six separate but close lines are kept at

the same voltage via intermittent

connectors this reduces the amount of

metal needed to achieve a given radius

and Corona loss factors affecting Corona

the phenomenon of Corona is affected by

the physical state of the atmosphere as

well as by the conditions of the line

the following are the factors upon which

Corona depends conductor size the corona

effect depends upon the ship and

conditions of the conductors the rough

and irregular surface will give rise to

more Corona because unevenness of the

surface decreases the value of breakdown

voltage thus a stranded conductor has

irregular surface and hence gives rise

to more Corona than a solid conductor

spacing between conductors if the

spacing between the conductor is made

very layer as compared to their

diameters there may not be any Corona

effect it is because layer distance

between the conductors reduces the

electrostatic stresses at the conductor

surface thus avoiding Corona formation

Supply voltage as the electrical Corona

discharge mainly depends upon the

electric field intensity produced by the

applied system voltage

voltage therefore if the applied voltage

is high the corona discharge will cause

excessive Corona loss in the

transmission lines on contrary the

corona is negligible in the low voltage

transmission lines due to the inadequate

amount of electric field required for

the breakdown of air conductor surface

the corona effect depends upon the shape

material and conditions of the

conductors the rough and irregular

surface IE unevenness of the surface

decreases the value of breakdown voltage

this decrease in Breakdown voltage due

to concentrated electric field at Rough

spots give rise to more Corona effect

the roughness of conductor is usually

caused due to the deposition of dirt

dust and scratching raindrops snow fog

and condensation accumulated on the

conductor surface are also sources of

surface irregularities that can increase

Corona air density Factor air density

Factor also determines the corona loss

in transmission lines the corona loss

and inversely proportional to air

density Factor power loss is high due to

Corona in transmission lines that are

passing through a hilly area because in

a hilly area the density of air is low

spacing between conductors design

Engineers calculate the spacing between

the two conductors in the transmission

line after careful and extensive

research as the phenomenon of Corona

discharge is affected by the conductor

spacing if the distance between two

conduct conductors is very large as

compared to the diameter of conductor

the corona effect may not happen it is

because the larger distance between

conductors reduces the electrostatic

stress at the conductor surface thus

avoiding Corona

formation atmosphere as Corona is formed

due to ionization of air surrounding the

conductors therefore it is affected by

the physical state of

atmosphere in the stormy weather the

number of ions is more than normal

weather the decrease in the value of

breakdown voltage is followed by the

increase in the number of

ions as a result of it Corona occurs at

much less voltag as compared to the

breakdown voltage value in Fair weather

methods for reducing Corona losses the

corona loss can be reduced by using

conductors with large diameters the

voltage at which the corona occurs can

be increased by increasing the size of

the conductor and hence the corona loss

can be reduced Hollow conductors these

are used to increase the effective

diameter of the conductor without using

any additional material since Corona

loss is inversely proportional to the

diameter of the conductor Corona loss

decreases with an increase in the

diameter bundled conductors these are

made up of two or more subconductors and

is used as a singlephase

conductor optimized conductor design

increasing the diameter of conductors or

bundling multiple smaller conductors

together reduces the electric field

intensity around the conductors lowering

the likelihood of Corona discharge and

minimizing Corona losses control

electric field distribution installing

Corona Rings or grading rings at

strategic locations along the

transmission line helps redistribute the

electric field reducing its intensity at

critical points and mitigating Corona

discharge thereby minimizing Corona CES

improve insulator performance using

insulators with higher pollution

flashover performance and better

contamination resistance helps mitigate

the effects of Corona discharge on

insulator surfaces reducing surface

leakage current and Corona Lo losses

optimize transmission line routing

planning the route of transmission lines

to avoid areas with high pollution

levels or adverse environmental

conditions minimizes surface

contamination on insulators thereby

reducing the risk of Corona discharge

and Associated Corona losses increase

conductor size using conductors with

larger diameters reduces the electric

field intensity around the conductors

lowering the likelihood of Corona

discharge and minimizing Corona losses

additionally increasing the size of

conductors reduces the surface current

density which can contribute to Corona

formation how Corona effect is reduced

it has been observed that the intense

Corona effects are observed at a working

voltage of 33 KV or above on the

substations are bus bars rated for 33 KV

and higher voltages highly ionized air

may cause Flash over in the insulators

or between the phases causing

considerable damage to the equipment if

careful designing is not made to reduce

the corona effect the corona effect can

be reduced by the following methods by

increasing conductor size the voltage at

which Corona occurs can be raised by

increasing conductor size hence the

corona effect may be reduced this is one

of the reasons that acsr conductors

which have a larger cross-sectional area

are used in transmission lines by

increasing conductor spacing the corona

effect can be eliminated by increasing

the spacing between conductors which

raises the voltage at which Corona

occurs however increase in conductor

spacing is limited due to the cost of

supporting structure as bigger cross

arms and supports to accompany the

increase in conductor spacing increases

the cost of transmission system by using

Corona ring the intensity of electric

field is high at the point where the

conductor curvature is sharp therefore

Corona discharge occurs first at the

sharp points edges and Corners in order

to mitigate electric field Corona rings

are employed at the terminals of very

high voltage equipment Corona rings are

metallic rings of to oil shaped which

are fixed at the end of bushings and

insulator strings this metallic ring

distributes the charge across a wider

area due to its smooth round shape which

significantly reduces the potential

gradient at the surface of the conductor

below the critical disruptive value and

thus preventing Corona

discharge advantages of Corona losses

limitation of voltage surges Corona

discharge can help dissipate excess

energy and limit the amplitude of

voltage surges is caused by lightning

strikes or switching operations thus

protecting the transmission line

equipment from damage reduction of

audible noise while Corona discharge

produces audible noise the presence of

Corona can reduce the noise generated by

wind induced conductor

vibrations this is because Corona can

stabilize the electric field around the

conductors minimizing disruptive

vibrations disadvantages of Corona

losses energy losses Corona losses

result in the conversion of electrical

energy into heat and light leading to

reduced efficiency in the trans

system this translates to higher

operating costs and decreased overall

system

efficiency insulation damage intense

Corona discharge can cause degradation

and erosion of insulator surfaces

compromising their effectiveness and

increasing the risk of flashover which

can lead to power outages and Equipment

damage a nonsinusoidal voltage drop

occurs in the transmission line due to

nonsinusoidal Corona current which

causes interference with neighboring

communication circuits due to

electromagnetic transients and

electrostatic induction effects

Ozone gas is produced due to the

formation of Corona which chemically

reacts with the conductor and causes

corrosion the energy dissipated in the

system due to Corona effect is called as

Corona loss the power loss due to Corona

is undesirable and

uneconomical the efficiency of

transmission line is highly reduced due

to the loss of power or energy Corona

losses in transmission lines occur due

to the ionization of the air surrounding

the conductors which results in the

dissipation of energy here's a more

detailed explanation of how Corona

losses happen in transmission lines

electric field formation at the high

voltage is used in transmission lines

typically above 1110 KV the electric

field around the conductors becomes very

intense the electric field strength is

highest at the surface of the conductors

or it can exceed the dialectric strength

of the surrounding air air ionization

when the electric field strength exceeds

the dialectric strength of the air the

air becomes ionized meaning that the air

molecules are split into positively and

negatively charged particles this

process is called Corona discharge or

Corona effect energy dissipation the

ionized air particles collide with

neutral air molecules transferring some

of their kinetic energy to the neutral

molecules this transfer of energy

results in the dissipation of power

which is known as Corona loss or Corona

discharge loss factors affecting Corona

losses conductor size and surface

condition smaller conductors or

conductors with a regular surfaces tend

to have higher electric field gradients

leading to increased Corona losses

transm voltage higher transmission

voltages generally result in higher

Corona losses as the electric field

strength is proportional to the voltage

whether conditions factors such as

humidity air pressure and precipitation

can affect the ionization of the air and

the magnitude of Corona losses

consequences of Corona losses reduce

transmission efficiency the energy loss

due to Corona discharge represents a

portion of the power that is not

delivered to the load reducing the

overall transmission

efficiency increased operating costs the

energy loss to the corona discharge

needs to be compensated by generating

additional power leading to higher

electricity generation and transmission

costs potential for interference Corona

discharge can generate audible noise and

electromagnetic interference which can

impact nearby communication systems and

Equipment foggy weather brings a number

of challenges for power generation and

transmission Corona discharge fog

impacts power transmission and high

voltage Lines by causing Corona

discharge when fog surrounds the

conductors water droplets can accumulate

on the surface altering the electric

field around the lines this can lead to

Corona discharge where the air around

the conductors ionizes and forms a

conductive path for the

electricity Corona discharge results in

energy loss audible noise and can also

lead to increased wear on the

transmission equipment Corona effect

results in energy loss as it dissipates

the energy in form of Corona discharge

thus reducing the overall efficiency of

the power

transmission this Corona discharge also

produces audible noise which is

disruptive especially in residential

areas Corona discharge also results in

deterioration of insulators and

transmission lines over time thus

reducing their life and increased

frequency of Maintenance Transformer

cooling issues foggy conditions impede

the cooling of

Transformers Transformers dissipate heat

during operation and if the fog

restricts heat dissipation it could lead

to overheating and reduced

deficiency corrosion concerns high

humidity associated with fog contributes

to corrosion of metal components in

power generation and transmission

systems potenti Ally impacting the

longevity and performance of equipment

insulation challenges fog and high

humidity affects the insulating

properties of certain materials

potentially leading to electrical

insulation issues