American period to Contemporary period of Philippine literature| 21st Century Literature -SHS
Summary
TLDRThis video script explores the evolution of Philippine literature through various colonial and contemporary periods. It highlights the American colonial period's educational and cultural advancements, the commercialization of literature in the 1920s, and the impact of Japanese occupation on literary themes. The script also discusses the rebirth of freedom post-WWII, the activism in literature during the 1970s, the New Society's focus on development, and the changes in the Third Republic. Finally, it touches on the dynamic 21st-century literature, inviting viewers to reflect on recent works and their differences from the 20th century.
Takeaways
- 📚 After the Spanish colonial period, the American colonial period saw significant advancements in Philippine education and culture, with the introduction of the public school system and free instruction in English and Filipino.
- 📖 The literature of the American period was characterized as imitative of American models, with students often following the styles of American poets rather than creating original works.
- 📰 In the 1920s, Philippine literature became commercialized with the publication of stories, novels, and poems in weekly publications like Wai and Bisaya, covering a range of subjects.
- 🎭 Drama during the American period was often used to criticize Spanish rule and to celebrate the heroism of those who fought for independence, such as the members of the Katipunan.
- 📚 The Japanese occupation from 1941 to 1945 interrupted the development of Philippine literature, with a focus on nationalism, country love, and life in the barrios during this dark period.
- 📘 The rebirth of freedom in 1945 after the return of the Americans was marked by a struggle of mind and spirit, as well as a proliferation of newspapers and a resurgence in literary expression.
- 📔 The early post-liberation period saw the revival of Tagalog literature, with themes focusing on the hardships of life under Japanese rule and the bravery of the guerillas.
- 📝 The period of activism from 1970 to 1972 was marked by a desire for societal change, with literature reflecting the ills of society and the push for reforms or new ideologies.
- 🏛 During the New Society period, which began in 1972, literature often dealt with themes of progress and development, with an emphasis on improving societal conditions and addressing issues like drug addiction and pollution.
- 🌐 The lifting of martial law in 1981 and the establishment of the Third Republic brought about a change in the perception of Philippine literature, with a focus on themes of courage, shock, and grief over political events.
- 🚀 The 21st century has seen the introduction of new trends in Philippine literature to meet the needs and tastes of the new generation, with contemporary writings reflecting the ongoing evolution of the literary scene.
Q & A
What significant change occurred in Philippine literature during the American colonial period?
-During the American colonial period, Philippine literature saw a great leap in education and culture with the introduction of the public school system and free public instruction. The use of English alongside Filipino became common, and literature started to imitate the American model, leading to commercialization and a focus on societal concerns.
How did the Japanese occupation affect Philippine literature?
-The Japanese occupation interrupted the development of Philippine literature, especially in English. It was considered a dark period with newspapers being restricted and a focus on nationalism, country love, and life in the barrios in the works that were produced.
What were the three types of poems that emerged during the Japanese period?
-The three types of poems that emerged during the Japanese period were haiku, tanaga (or tanaka), and kaganeewang ano. Haiku was a form of free verse with 17 syllables divided into three lines, while tanaga was a short form with measure and rhyme.
What was the impact of the rebirth of freedom on Philippine literature after World War II?
-After the rebirth of freedom, Philippine literature experienced a revival, with writers expressing themselves more confidently. The early post-liberation period was marked by a struggle of mind and spirit, and there was a proliferation of newspapers and publications that allowed writers to share their works.
How did the period of activism in the 1970s influence the themes in Philippine literature?
-The period of activism in the 1970s led to a desire for change and reforms in society, which was reflected in the literature of the time. Many writings recorded and embodied the petitions of the youth, emphasizing the importance of nationalism and social reforms.
What was the role of the Ministry of Public Affairs during the period of the New Society?
-The Ministry of Public Affairs was established to supervise newspapers, books, and other publications during the period of the New Society. It aimed to stop writings that gave bad influences on the morals of the people and promoted the development of literature that aligned with the government's vision.
What were the themes prevalent in Philippine literature during the Third Republic?
-During the Third Republic, themes in Philippine literature dealt with courage, shock, and grief over the treachery inflicted upon Aquino, as well as themes that were true to life, such as grief, poverty, aspirations for freedom, love of God, and love of country.
How did the People Power Revolution of 1986 affect the state of Philippine literature?
-The People Power Revolution of 1986 led to a period of turmoil and rejoicing, which was reflected in the literature of the time. It marked the beginning of a new era in Philippine literature, with writers exploring themes of freedom, democracy, and the aftermath of the revolution.
What are some of the contemporary trends in Philippine literature in the 21st century?
-In the 21st century, Philippine literature has seen the introduction of new trends to meet the needs and tastes of the new generation. Contemporary writings explore a variety of themes and utilize innovative narrative techniques, reflecting the diverse experiences and perspectives of Filipinos today.
How can one contribute to the discussion on Philippine literature after watching the video?
-To contribute to the discussion on Philippine literature, one can share their thoughts on the differences between 20th and 21st century literature, discuss recent stories they have read, and ask questions or seek clarifications in the comment section below the video.
Outlines
📚 American Colonial Influence on Philippine Literature
The American colonial period in the Philippines marked a significant leap in education and culture, with the introduction of the public school system and free public instruction. English was adopted alongside Filipino, leading to an imitation of American literary models. Poetry during this time retained traditional styles but addressed new societal concerns, while drama was used to criticize Spanish rule and celebrate Filipino heroism. Commercialization of literature began in the 1920s with publications like Weekly Wai and Bisaya, featuring diverse literary works.
🎭 Japanese Occupation and the Rebirth of Philippine Literature
During the Japanese occupation from 1941 to 1945, Philippine literature in English was interrupted, marking a dark period for the literary scene. However, Filipino poetry flourished with themes of nationalism and life in the barrios. Forms like haiku and tanaga emerged, reflecting Japanese influence. Drama experienced a lull, with many plays being reproductions of English works translated into Tagalog. The rebirth of freedom in 1945 saw the return of American influence and the revival of Filipino literature, with a focus on societal expression and the grappling of new ideas and challenges.
🌟 Activism and the New Society in Philippine Literature
Activism in Philippine literature from 1970 to 1972 was driven by societal ills and the desire for reform. The period saw a rise in nationalism and a push for changes in government. The New Society period, starting in 1972, focused on themes of development and progress, with an emphasis on family planning, environment, and social issues. The military government established the Ministry of Public Affairs to supervise publications, and there was a renewed interest in Filipino and English songs. The period also saw the continuation of the Palanca Awards and the development of literature through weekly publications.
🏛 The Third Republic and the Evolution of Philippine Literature
The lifting of martial law in 1981 and the establishment of the Third Republic marked a new era for Philippine literature. Despite restrictions, literature continued to thrive, with themes of courage, shock, and grief over political events. The period saw the emergence of new writers and the continuation of the annual festival of Filipino films. Literature in English during this time dealt with themes of treachery and the aspirations for freedom, reflecting the societal changes and the true essence of the Filipino spirit.
🌐 21st Century Philippine Literature: A New Era of Expression
Entering the 21st century, Philippine literature has embraced new trends and contemporary writings to cater to the tastes of a new generation. The period has seen a continuation of the exploration of societal issues, with a focus on the realities of Filipino life. The literature of this era reflects the ongoing evolution of the Filipino narrative, with writers and readers engaging in a dialogue about identity, heritage, and the challenges of modern society.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Spanish Colonial Period
💡American Colonial Period
💡Commercialization
💡Imitative Literature
💡Japanese Occupation
💡Haiku
💡Tanaga
💡Post-Liberation Period
💡Activism
💡New Society
💡Third Republic
💡People Power Revolution
💡21st Century Literature
Highlights
Post-Spanish colonization, the American colonial period introduced English alongside Filipino, leading to a significant leap in education and culture.
The Philippine public school system was introduced, providing free public instruction to Filipinos.
Literature during the American period was imitative of the American model, with students following the form of American poets.
Commercialization of Philippine literature occurred in the 1920s with publications like Weekly Wai and Bisaya.
Poetry under American rule maintained old styles but addressed new societal concerns.
Drama during the American period often degraded Spanish rule and immortalized the heroism of the Katipunan.
Dr. Jose Rizal's works portrayed societal conditions under colonial repression.
During the Japanese occupation, Philippine literature in English halted, marking a dark period for the field.
Nationalism, country love, and life in the barrios were common themes in Filipino poetry during the Japanese period.
New poetic forms like Haiku and Tanaga emerged during the Japanese period, influenced by Japanese aesthetics.
Drama experienced a lull during the Japanese period due to the closure of movie houses and a focus on English play reproductions.
After World War II, the rebirth of freedom saw a struggle of mind and spirit among Filipinos, reflected in literature.
The early post-liberation period was marked by a proliferation of newspapers and a return of writers who had gone abroad.
Tagalog literature was revived, with themes focusing on the hardships of life under Japanese rule and guerilla exploits.
Activism in literature from 1970 to 1972 was driven by domestic and worldwide causes, reflecting the desire for societal reforms.
The period of the New Society saw literature focusing on the development and progress of the country, with themes like family planning and environmental issues.
Under Martial Law, the Ministry of Public Affairs supervised publications, attempting to curb negative influences on public morals.
The Third Republic period saw a continuation of themes of courage, shock, and grief in literature, reflecting the political climate.
The People Power Revolution of 1986 marked a new era in Philippine literature, with a focus on the true republic and societal changes.
21st-century literature introduces new trends and contemporary writings, reflecting the needs and tastes of the new generation.
Transcripts
what are the highlights after the
spanish colonial period of the
philippine literature what happened
during the american colonial period and
the contemporary period
[Music]
hi dear learners this is runette welcome
to our 21st century from the philippines
in the world class we will continue our
discussion in the different literary
periods of the philippine literature
in my previous video we discussed the
periods before and after the spanish
colonization
i want you to watch that video first as
our discussion is just a continuation of
the previous one
now are you ready
after the spanish colonialization period
is the american colonial period
during the american period the
philippines had a great leap in
education and culture the use of english
alongside filipino was practiced
the philippines public school system was
introduced and free public instruction
was given to the filipinos and the
literature during the american period
was considered as imitative of american
model instead of asking the students to
write originals students ended up
following the form of american poets
philippine literature became
commercialized in the 1920s when the
weekly wai and bisaya published stories
novels and poems of varied subject
matter like poetry poetry under the
american rule still followed the style
of the old but had contents that ranged
from fear writing to societal concerns
under the americans and drama was
usually used in the american period to
degrade the spanish rule and to
immortalize the heroism of the men who
fought under the katipunan and remake
novels it took dr jose results portrayal
of societal of social conditions by
colonial repression these are some of
the literary works under the american
period aggregato gozaimasu let's proceed
to the japanese period philippine
literature was interrupted in its
development when another foreign country
japan conquered the philippines between
1941 to 1945 philippine literature in
english came to a halt and it is
considered as a dark period this led to
all newspapers not to be circulated in
the community except for tribune and the
philippine review this is the filipino
poetry during this period the common
theme the most points during the
japanese occupation was nationalism
country love and life in the barrios
faith religion and the arts these are
the three types of poems emerged during
this period
haiku
a form of free verse that the japanese
like it was made up of 17 syllables
divided into three lines and the tanaga
or tanaka like the haiko is a short but
it had measure and rhyme kaganeewang ano
is a usual form and we also have
filipino drama during the japanese
period the drama experienced a lull
during the japanese period because movie
houses showing american films were
closed many of the plays were
reproductions of english plays to
tagalog
these are our playwriters and their
works the next period is the rebirth of
freedom what are the highlights
americans returned in 1945 and the
filipinos rejoiced and gorillas who fled
to the mountain joined the liberating
american army on july 4 1946 the
philippines regained its freedom and the
filipino flag waved joyously alone the
chains were broken and the state of
literature during this period but the
early post-liberation period was marked
by a kind of struggle of mind and spirit
posed by the sudden emancipation from
the enemy and the wild desire to see
filipinos had by this time learned to
express themselves more confidently but
problems beyond language and print-like
economic stability the threat of new
ideas and mortality
had to be grappled with side-by-side
there was a proliferation of newspapers
like the press morning sun
and others
some filipino writers who had gone
abroad and had written during the
interims came back to publish their
works not all the books published during
the period reflected the war year and
some were compliations of second
editions of what have been written
before some of the writers under works
of the periods are the following
these are the writers and their literary
works the new filipino literature during
this period
philippine literature in tagalog was
revived during this period and most
themes in the writings dealt with
japanese brutalities of the poverty of
life under the japanese government and
the brave guerilla exploits newspapers
and magazine publications were reopened
like the bula club
ilang and sinag tala tagalog poetry
acquired not only rhyme but substance
and meaning short stories had better
characters and events based on facts and
realities and themes were more
meaningful
novels became common but were still read
by the people for recreation
many books were published during this
time among which were the following and
now we proceed to the period of activism
according to pushano pineda youth
activism in 1970 to 1972 was due to
domestic and worldwide causes activism
is connected with the history of our
filipino youth because of the ills of
society the youth moved to seek reforms
some continue to believe that the
democratic government is stable and that
is only the people running the
government who are at fault some believe
that socialism or communism should
replace democracy many young people
became activists to ask for changes in
the government in the expression of this
desire for change
kin where the writings of the some youth
who were fired with nationalism in order
to emphasize the importance of their
petitions
many books aptly record and embody these
items but many of these are not known to
many and many of these writers still
have to be interviewed
these were the literary works under this
period
the period of the new society started on
september 21 1972 the carlos palanca
award continued to give annual awards
almost all themes in most writings dealt
with the development or progress of the
country like the green revolution family
planning proper nutrition environment
drug addiction and pollution the new
society tried to stop pornography or
those writings giving bad influences on
the morals of the people all school
newspapers were temporarily stopped and
so with school organizations the
military government established a new
office called the ministry of public
affairs that supervised the newspapers
books and other publications
singing both filipino and english songs
received fresh incentives
those sent abroad promoted many filipino
songs the weekly publications like
kislab and liui helped a lot in the
development of literature these became
outlets for our writers to publish many
of their works this is the filipino
poetry during the period of the new
society we have the play under the new
society radio and television filipino
films under the new society comics
let's proceed to the period of the third
republic after 10 years of military rule
some changes in the life of the filipino
which started under the new society
martial rule was at last lifted on
january to 1981. to those in government
the lifting of military rule heralded
the change to their perceptions the
philippines became a nation and this
former president mark was called the new
republic of the philippines a historian
called this the third republic the first
republic he claimed was during the
philippine republic of emilio aguinaldo
when we first got our independence from
the spaniards on june 12 1898. we can
say that philippian literature in spite
of the many restrictions
still retain its luster this is the
filipino poetry under the third republic
this is the filipino poetry and we have
also filipino songs
many filipino songs
dealt with themes that were really true
to life like those of grief poverty
aspirations for freedom love of god of
country and of felt on of fellman we
also have philippine films and
the yearly festival of filipino films
continued to be held during this period
and the public tree in english during
the third republic the themes of most
during this time
dealt with courage
shock and grief over the treachery
inflicted upon aquino
these are our children's books are
fables
and philippines literature is definitely
changing and isagani cruz summarizes
these as follows
these are some writers during this
period we have this period from 1986 to
1999 and history took another twist once
more the filipino people regained their
independence which they lost 20 years
ago in the span of four days from
february 21 to 25 1986 the so-called
people power or lakas nambayan prevail
philippine society was in turmoil for a
few weeks but the rejoicing after
president marcos was toppled down from
power was sheer sephoria
to the filipino people this is the true
republic the true republic of the
philippines
this is the state of literature during
this period and on books filipino
literature is still in the making and
they believe that we were just beginning
a new era
and the philippine revolution of 1986
we also have filipino songs during this
period
finally here comes the 21st century
period in my previous video i discussed
the highlights of the 21st century
literature and in this period you will
discover
contemporary writings from our
contemporary writers the new trends have
been used and introduced to meet the
needs and tastes of the new generation
you are in this period so what do you
think are some of the 21st century
stories that you have read recently how
do they differ from the 20th century
literature please share your thoughts
for your questions and clarifications
please write them in the comment section
below happy learning everyone see you
[Music]
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