Local Scripts (Server vs Client) - Roblox Advanced Scripting #1 (2023)
Summary
TLDRThis Roblox Advanced Scripting tutorial introduces the client-server model, crucial for game development. It explains how the server oversees game control and synchronization, while clients represent individual players. The video also demonstrates local scripts, which execute actions specific to a player without affecting others, using examples like changing a part's color on touch.
Takeaways
- 👋 Welcome to the first episode of the Roblox Advanced Scripting Tutorial series.
- 📺 It's recommended to watch the Beginner Scripting Tutorial Guide before this one.
- 🛠️ This series will cover more advanced topics in Roblox scripting.
- 🔍 The focus of this episode is on local scripts and the server-client model in Roblox.
- 🌐 Every Roblox game uses a multiplayer model called the client-server model.
- 🖥️ The server oversees the whole game and controls synchronization among players.
- 👤 The client refers to each individual player connected to the server.
- 🔁 Replication ensures all players see the same actions in the game.
- 📡 Data can be transmitted between the server and clients in different ways.
- 🔧 Local scripts are used to execute actions specific to one client without affecting others.
- 🖥️ Example given: Inserting a local script in Roblox to print 'Hello World' for a single client.
- 🎮 Example given: Changing part colors in the game for one client using a local script.
- 🛠️ How to switch perspectives between the client and server in Roblox Studio.
- 📋 Importance of understanding client-server models for developing Roblox games.
- 👨💻 Practical examples and walkthroughs are provided for better understanding.
Q & A
What is the main focus of the first episode of the Roblox Advanced scripting tutorial?
-The first episode focuses on explaining local scripts and the server-client model, which are essential for understanding how multiplayer games work in Roblox.
Why is it recommended to watch the beginner scripting tutorial before this advanced one?
-It is recommended because the advanced tutorial covers more complicated topics, and having a foundational understanding from the beginner tutorial will help in grasping these advanced concepts more effectively.
What is the client-server model in the context of Roblox games?
-The client-server model is a multiplayer model where the server oversees and controls the game, and the clients are individual players who interact with the game through their perspectives.
How does the server in a Roblox game function?
-The server acts as an overseer, controlling everything that happens in the game and ensuring that all players see the same events, like character movements, happening on the server.
What is a client in the context of the server-client model in Roblox?
-A client in this context refers to each individual player in the game. Each player's perspective and interactions with the game are managed as a client connected to the server.
What is replication in the context of the server-client model?
-Replication is the process where events that occur on the server are copied and shown to every player in the game, ensuring that all players see the same thing happening in the game.
How does transmitting data between the server and clients work in Roblox?
-Data can be transmitted from one client to the server, from the server to one client, or from the server to all clients. This is used to change game elements or to show specific information to certain players.
What is an example of a client-side feature in a Roblox game?
-An example of a client-side feature is the user interface, like buttons and pop-ups, which may appear differently or only on specific players' screens, depending on their actions or progress in the game.
How can you switch between the client and server perspectives in Roblox Studio?
-You can switch between perspectives by clicking on the 'current client' monitor in the test ribbon in Roblox Studio, which allows you to see the game from either the player's perspective or the server's perspective.
What is a local script in Roblox and why is it used?
-A local script in Roblox is a script that runs only on the client side, not being replicated to the server. It is used for actions that should only happen within a specific player's game, like changing the color of an object when stepped on.
How can you create a local script in Roblox Studio?
-You can create a local script by right-clicking on an object in the Explorer window, selecting 'Local Script', and then writing the script code in the script editor that appears.
Outlines
📚 Introduction to Roblox Advanced Scripting and Client-Server Model
The video script introduces the first episode of a Roblox Advanced Scripting tutorial series, emphasizing the importance of understanding the basics before delving into more complex topics. It suggests viewers watch a beginner's guide first and mentions the goal of becoming a top-tier Roblox developer. The script discusses the necessity of understanding the local scripts and the server-client model, which are fundamental to game development on Roblox. It explains the server as an overseer of the game, controlling all in-game actions and ensuring synchronization among players, while clients represent individual players with unique perspectives and interfaces. The tutorial also highlights replication and data transmission as key aspects of the server-client model.
🔄 Exploring the Server-Client Model with In-Game Examples
This section of the script delves deeper into the server-client model, using the game Pet Simulator X to illustrate how replication and client-side features work. It demonstrates how progress in the game can be unique to each player, with examples such as accessing different areas based on individual achievements. The script also explains how user interfaces can differ from one client to another, with buttons and panels being unique to each player's perspective. The importance of understanding this model for game development is reiterated, as it impacts how developers create experiences that are specific to individual players or replicated across all players.
🛠️ Accessing Client and Server Perspectives in Roblox Studio
The script provides a practical guide on how to switch between client and server perspectives within Roblox Studio. It explains that while playing a game in test mode, developers can use the test ribbon to toggle between the current client's view and the server's view. This feature is crucial for understanding and developing game mechanics that function differently on the client and server sides. The explanation includes the default camera locations for each perspective and how developers can move around freely in the server's view, akin to using Roblox Studio's 3D world.
💬 Creating and Understanding Local Scripts in Roblox
The final part of the script introduces local scripts in Roblox, which are used to execute actions only within a specific player's game environment without being replicated on the server. It guides viewers through creating a local script attached to a part in the game, demonstrating how to change the part's color when a player touches it. The script also explains how to troubleshoot errors related to object references and how to use 'wait for child' to ensure objects are loaded before the script runs. The tutorial concludes with a visual example of a local script's effect being limited to the player's perspective, highlighting the difference between local and server-side actions in a multiplayer setting.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Roblox
💡Advanced scripting
💡Server-client model
💡Replication
💡Local scripts
💡Client perspective
💡Server perspective
💡Pet Simulator X
💡UI (User Interface)
💡Workspace
💡Starter Player
Highlights
Introduction to the Roblox Advanced scripting tutorial series, emphasizing the importance of understanding the basics before proceeding.
Explanation of the client-server model as the foundation of multiplayer Roblox games, with a visual aid from the Roblox Developer Hub.
Clarification of the server's role as an overseer controlling the game's events and synchronization among players.
Description of the client as individual players, each with their unique perspective and interactions within the game.
Importance of replication in ensuring all players see the same game state, such as character movements.
Discussion on transmitting data between the server and clients, with examples of local scripts for one-way communication.
In-game demonstration of the client-server model using Pet Simulator X, showing different player perspectives and progress.
Illustration of local-sided features like user interfaces that are unique to each player's experience.
Tutorial on switching between client and server perspectives in Roblox Studio for game development.
Introduction to creating local scripts in Roblox Studio, with an example script that prints 'Hello World'.
Explanation of how local scripts run only on the client's side, not being replicated to the server.
Creation of a part in the game that changes color when touched by a player, demonstrating client-side scripting.
Use of 'wait for child' to ensure the part is loaded before the local script attempts to reference it.
Visual demonstration of a local script changing the part's color only on the client's screen, not affecting other players.
Conclusion summarizing the basics of local scripts and the client-server model, with a teaser for future tutorial topics.
Transcripts
hey thanks for stopping by welcome to the first episode of my Roblox Advanced scripting tutorial
series and if you haven't checked out my beginnner scripting tutorial guide I made a few months back
then I would highly suggest you watch that one first before watching this one because we're
going to be uncovering more complicated and more advanced topics in regards to Roblox scripting
so if you think you're ready then you're basically on the right track to becoming a a top tier Roblox
developer and I figured for the first episode I think it would be important to discuss about local
scripts and the server client model because you're going to be knowing about this model for basically
the entire time you're going to be developing games on Roblox so this is going to be a very
important one so any Roblox game regardless of whether it allows more than one player per server
or not follows a multiplayer model called the client server model and to understand a little
bit more about the client server model let me turn your attention to to a drawing that was created by
the Roblox developer Hub and I think this is a really great drawing so so let's go to that
real quick all right so there's two very important aspects to know about for the server client model
and the first one we'll be discussing about is the server the best way I can describe the server is
it's basically a reserved section of any Roblox game that oversees the whole game itself so if I
just drag this along really quick you can see that the server can be represented as the game itself
where you can see that there's three players that are inside of the game and the camera is directed
away from any specific player so it's kind of like an overseer it kind of oversees the whole
game and it controls everything that happens with the game so that's essentially the server
but now to describe the client side a client is in the easiest way I can describe cribe the
player itself each individual player so we have one player that's over here then we have another
player and then we have our third player that's over here so we have three different players that
all act as clients that are connected to the server which oversees everything the server is
what controls synchronization among all three of the players that are inside of the game so
you can see here one of the clients is one of the players um the camera is directed towards them and
they're seeing every that's happening in the game from their perspective and that's going the same
way for these other two players so there's three important things to know about with the server
client model and the first thing is replication whenever something happens in the server it will
be replicated to be shown in every single player that are in the server if a player decides to move
their character character then it will show to other players that this character has also moved
and replication is playing a factor in making sure that all the players are seeing exactly the same
thing that's happening on the server another important thing is transmitting data between
the server and also the client so usually if we want to change something through script where it
will be replicated only to one specific person and not be shown to other people then we would
use features like local scripts and I'm going to be showing you how those work in a little bit so
there can be different ways of transmitting data there can be from one client to the server there
can be from the server to one of the clients or there can be the server sending data to all
the clients in the server so now that I'm done explaining how this works let me show you some
in-game examples of how this would actually turn out all right so I'm in a game in pet Simulator
X and I'm being joined by my ALT account that I just created so there's one thing to note here
that's quite odd between the perspective of my account and my alternative account
so on my alternative account you can see that I haven't unlocked the next area in pet Simulator
X because I need to get 10,000 coins in order to uh buy the game to get to the next area but
on my main account uh I have lots of progress in the game already and I already bought the gate uh
to go to the next area so from my perspective I can see that the gate is not there but then
on my alternative account that's new they cannot access the next area until until they get 10,000
coins another example of local sided features is user interface so for instance these buttons on
the left side you have hoverboard teleport Auto settings if I click on one of these it'll show a
popup of a little panel that shows all the places I can teleport to now if I go to my ALT account
on their side of the screen they can't see the popup for the teleport it's Unique to them only
if they click the button so my ALT account can click the button to show the teleport but then
on my main I can X out of this and open up the pets panel and on my alternative account it's
still going to be on the teleport page so that's another big example of client sided gameplay all
right so now we know having a good understanding of the client server model is really powerful and
it's something we're really going to have to take into account for anything we do when we're trying
to develop something whether we want to show something specific to a specific player or if
we want to show something to all players it can be replicated throughout uh the entire game and
so that's always just something that you should keep in the back of your mind but now what I want
to do is show you how to access these different modes when you're creating on Roblox so if we hit
test up here and then hit play then our character should be joining into the game like normal as
a client so here's our character here um and in order to flip between what you see on the client
versus what you see on the server we're going to go up here uh inside of the test ribbon ribbon as
usual uh there's going to be a monitor here saying current client so this is the current perspective
that we're seeing in the Roblox Studio window which is our player right here if we click on
it we can actually see that the perspective has changed to the server now so our camera is now on
the default location for the the server when the game starts up and as we can see we can freely
move around in this server much like how we make games in Roblox Studio using the studio 3D world
looking um map so if I click it again then it should go back to the perspective of the player
and we should be able to move around freely like so so that's how you flip between the client and
server perspective when you're creating a game on Roblox and to give you a little bit more of
an understanding of what the perspective looks like between the two so let's hit stop and now
what we're going to do is create our first local script on Roblox we create scripts to be able to
give it instructions and make it do what we want to do in Roblox but there's going to be a lot of
times where we want the things to happen only within a specific player and not have it be
replicated onto the server and this is where local scripts come in so on the right side if you have
your Explorer window pulled up I assume you have uh if you don't have it pulled up then you go to
the view tab up here and then the Explorer and properties tab should both be here so let me just
open both of these back up um and make sure you also have your output down here so we can see the
results that we're about to print out so I'm just going to right click our output and then clear it
uh so then let's create our local script on our Explorer let's scroll down a little bit and on our
starter GUI we're going to hit the plus sign and then we're going to search for a local script and
this is what it should look like so let's click that and then we see that it brings up the script
editor and this pretty much looks exactly the same as you would see when you insert a normal
script but this time this acts as a local script so we're not going to change anything here we're
going to leave this as print hello world we're going to go back to our game we're going to hit
test and then hit play so then what should happen is that we should see in the output uh hello world
just like how we normally would in a uh regular script but here's the interesting thing if we
hit current client and switch over to the server we can see that hello world is still here but if
you see this colorcoded pattern here you can see that there's actually a color here that's blue
and then down here is a color that's green so whenever you see an output down here where the
color is highlighted to be blue that means that that this little line of code ran on the client
and not the server so green means that it ran on the server but in this case our local script ran
on the client as soon as one player joined the game that's when it decided to print out onto the
output let's now make something that will only run on the client side and not have it be shown on the
server so we're going to create a part where when a player steps on it it will print out a bunch of
stuff in the output but only on the client so with our script that we created let's actually disable
this uh we're not going to be using this for the rest of the tutorial and let's insert a part so
let's go to model up here and then let's hit part to insert a new part into the workspace so let's
just drag this along here let's change the scale of it a little bit and let's change the color of
the part down here inside of properties and let's change the brick color to Yellow for instance um
and now what we'll do is we'll go down here to starter player in the Explorer so open this up
a little bit and you will see a section called starter character scripts so let's hit the plus
sign here and let's create a new local script and then let's delete this code that's been
given to us by default so first what we'll do is make reference to the part we'll say local part
equals game. workpace do part so that will make reference to the part that we just created and now
we'll add a touched event to that part so we'll say part. touched colon connect open parenthesis
function open parentheses close parenthesis let's also delete this last line here enter and then we
will say print and then in quotations we'll say like some random mumble jumble here okay so now
let's go back to the game we'll hit test and we'll hit play okay so it looks like I got an error here
uh saying that part is not a valid member of workspace what ended up happening was that
the part didn't load in fast enough to catch that there was a part in the server so so we're going
to have to wrap this around in a wait for child so let's delete part here and after workspace we'll
say colon wait for child and make sure uh you have the case sensitivity correctly then we'll
uh say open close parentheses and inside of here in quotes we will say part so now this is going to
force the script to wait until part is loaded into the game so that we can actually run whatever is
down here so let's touch this and as you can see on the client the part is printing out all this
mumble jumble random nonsense this stuff isn't being printed out on the server now it may not be
as clear to you because the only thing we can see here is the color difference let's do something
more visual so we can actually understand it more so let's hit stop go back to our local script and
instead what we'll do is we will change the color of the part when we step on it so let's delete
this print statement here and let's try to write a line that changes the color of the part so we'll
say part do brick color equals brick color. new and then in parentheses right here we will put in
some quotes and say really red so now let's go back into the game and hit play so that we can
see our expected result that has come about with our script so here we are and once we step on this
plate then it should change the color to Red so as you can see the color has now changed to red but
if we change our client to the server we can still see that the color is yellow because we created
a local script that can only show what happens with this execution when this specific player
touches this part it will only show it happening on on their screen and not be replicated to every
other player that plays the game like if you just imagine that there's going to be another player
here another player here and then there's another player here they're going to see that the part is
still yellow even though you stepped on it and the color is now red but only you see the part being
red not anybody else so that's pretty much that so that's pretty much the basics of local scripts
and the server client model I will be going more into detail about these about local scripts when
we tackle tools that require the starter pack uh and also gys when I start my guy tutorial series
and things like that but this episode served as an introduction to local scripts and the server and
client sided models so I think I've done enough to show that for this episode all right that's going
to be it for this episode thanks for watching and I will see you in the next episode take care
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