Menyusun laporan konsolidasi (Induk dan anak)

Summary

This video provides an in-depth explanation of how to prepare consolidated financial statements, focusing on the process of combining parent and subsidiary reports. It covers key concepts such as the definition of consolidated reports, when they are required, and the importance of voting rights and control in ownership. The consolidation procedure involves eliminating intercompany transactions, creating elimination journals, and adjusting for non-controlling interests when ownership is less than 100%. The video also includes practical examples and stages of consolidation, helping viewers understand how to effectively combine financial statements and eliminate discrepancies.

Takeaways

• 😀 Consolidated financial statements combine the financial reports of a parent company and its subsidiaries into one economic report, reflecting their unified financial position.
• 😀 A company must prepare consolidated financial statements if it owns more than 50% of the shares in a subsidiary and has control over financial and operational policies, voting rights, and the ability to appoint board members.
• 😀 A consolidated report is not required when a company owns 50% or more of a subsidiary's shares temporarily or when there are long-term restrictions on control, unless the company has significant power over the subsidiary.
• 😀 Voting rights play a crucial role in determining control, as the parent company needs to have the power to regulate the subsidiary's financial and operational policies.
• 😀 Intercompany transactions between the parent and subsidiary (such as sales, debts, and receivables) must be eliminated during consolidation to avoid double counting and ensure accurate financial reporting.
• 😀 Non-controlling interests refer to shareholders who own less than 50% of a subsidiary's shares, and their share in the consolidation process must be reported separately.
• 😀 The consolidation procedure includes preparing elimination journals, adding the parent and subsidiary reports together, and removing intercompany transactions before finalizing the consolidated results.
• 😀 When preparing consolidated financial statements, journals for intercompany accounts (such as accounts receivable and payable) must be reversed to eliminate the impact of internal transactions.
• 😀 In cases where a parent company owns less than 100% of a subsidiary (e.g., 90%), the non-controlling interests' portion must be calculated based on the ownership percentage and included in the consolidation report.
• 😀 The value of non-controlling interests is calculated by multiplying the total asset value by the ownership percentage (e.g., 10% for a 90% ownership scenario). This value is included in the consolidated balance sheet as part of equity.

Q & A

What is a consolidated financial statement?

A consolidated financial statement combines the financial reports of a parent company and its subsidiaries into one unified statement. It reflects the financial position and performance of the entire group as if it were a single entity.

When is a company required to prepare a consolidated report?

A company must prepare a consolidated report when it owns more than 50% of a subsidiary's common stock and holds the power to control the subsidiary, including voting rights, financial policy control, and board appointments.

What are the main reports included in a consolidated financial statement?

The main reports in a consolidated financial statement include the income statement, balance sheet, statement of cash flows, and the consolidated shareholders' equity report.

What are intercompany transactions, and why must they be eliminated in the consolidation process?

Intercompany transactions refer to transactions between the parent company and its subsidiaries, or between subsidiaries themselves. They must be eliminated to avoid overstating income, liabilities, and assets in the consolidated financial statements.

What is meant by non-controlling interest in the context of consolidated financial statements?

Non-controlling interest refers to the portion of a subsidiary's equity that is not owned by the parent company, typically when the parent owns less than 100% of the subsidiary. This interest is recorded in the consolidated financial statements to reflect the share of the subsidiary owned by external parties.

How do voting rights affect the need for consolidation?

Voting rights are crucial for determining control. If the parent company owns more than 50% of the shares in a subsidiary and holds voting rights, it can exercise control over the subsidiary, which triggers the requirement to prepare consolidated financial statements.

What is the role of an elimination journal in preparing consolidated financial statements?

An elimination journal is used to remove intercompany transactions, such as receivables and payables between the parent company and its subsidiaries. This ensures that these transactions do not distort the consolidated financial statements.

What happens when the parent company does not own 100% of the subsidiary?

When the parent owns less than 100% of the subsidiary, a portion of the subsidiary’s equity is attributed to non-controlling interests. These interests are included in the consolidated balance sheet and reflect the share of the subsidiary owned by others.

What is the process for eliminating intercompany transactions in consolidated financial statements?

The process involves identifying intercompany transactions, such as sales or purchases between the parent and subsidiary, and then using elimination journals to reverse or remove these transactions to prevent duplication in the consolidated statements.

How is the ownership percentage of a subsidiary reflected in the consolidated financial statements?

The ownership percentage of a subsidiary determines how much of its equity is attributed to the parent company versus non-controlling interests. For example, if the parent owns 90% of the subsidiary, 90% of the subsidiary’s equity is consolidated with the parent’s, while the remaining 10% is recorded as non-controlling interest.