KALENDER MASEHI DAN HIJRIYAH

Summary

This video script provides a detailed comparison between the Masehi (Gregorian) calendar and the Hijriyah (Islamic) calendar. It explains how the Masehi calendar is based on Earth's revolution around the Sun, with a leap year system every four years, while the Hijriyah calendar follows the lunar cycle, with each month having 29 or 30 days. The Islamic calendar began in 622 AD with the migration of Prophet Muhammad. Viewers learn the differences in year length, month structure, and key dates in both systems, including the significance of months like Ramadan and Eid in the Islamic calendar.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Gregorian calendar is based on the Earth's revolution around the Sun, taking approximately 365.25 days to complete one full orbit.
• 😀 The Gregorian calendar was formulated by Julius Caesar, starting from 5 days after the birth of Jesus Christ, marking the beginning of the year 1 AD.
• 😀 The Earth's rotation takes about 24 hours, which is the basis for one day in the calendar.
• 😀 A leap year occurs every four years, adding an extra day to February (29 days instead of 28) to adjust for the quarter-day discrepancy in a regular year.
• 😀 The months of the Gregorian calendar follow a set number of days: January (31), February (28 or 29), March (31), and so on.
• 😀 The term 'leap year' refers to the additional day added to February every four years to maintain the alignment of the calendar with the Earth's revolutions around the Sun.
• 😀 The Islamic (Hijri) calendar, also known as the Qomariyah calendar, is based on the Moon's revolution around the Earth, making it shorter than the Gregorian calendar.
• 😀 The Hijri calendar starts from the year 622 AD, the year of the Prophet Muhammad's migration (Hijrah) from Mecca to Medina.
• 😀 Each month in the Hijri calendar alternates between 29 and 30 days, resulting in a total of 354 or 355 days in a year, which is shorter than the 365-day year in the Gregorian calendar.
• 😀 The months of the Hijri calendar include Muharram, Safar, Rabi' al-Awwal, Rabi' al-Thani, Jumada al-Awwal, Jumada al-Thani, Rajab, Sha'ban, Ramadan, Shawwal, Dhu al-Qi'dah, and Dhu al-Hijjah, with Dhu al-Hijjah being the final month, sometimes having 29 or 30 days.
• 😀 The Hijri calendar is also known for starting the day at sunset (Maghrib) rather than midnight, making the transition from one day to the next occur at dusk.

Q & A

What is the basis of the Gregorian (Masehi) calendar?

The Gregorian calendar is based on the Earth's revolution around the Sun, also known as the Earth's orbital revolution. It is calculated by the number of days it takes for Earth to complete one full orbit around the Sun, which is approximately 365.25 days.

Who introduced the Gregorian calendar, and when did it start?

The Gregorian calendar was introduced by Julius Caesar, and it started five days after the birth of Jesus Christ, around 1 CE.

Why does the Gregorian calendar have leap years?

Leap years exist in the Gregorian calendar to account for the extra 0.25 days in each year. Every four years, this fraction accumulates into one extra day, which is added to February, making it 29 days instead of 28.

What is a 'leap year' and how does it affect the months in the Gregorian calendar?

A leap year is a year that has 366 days instead of the usual 365. This happens every four years to keep the calendar aligned with the Earth's orbit. February in a leap year has 29 days instead of 28, and this affects the yearly cycle.

What is the difference between the start of a new day in the Gregorian and Islamic calendars?

In the Gregorian calendar, the new day begins at midnight, while in the Islamic (Hijri) calendar, the new day begins at Maghrib (sunset).

What is the basis of the Islamic (Hijri) calendar?

The Islamic (Hijri) calendar is based on the Moon's revolution around the Earth, meaning it tracks the lunar cycle rather than the solar cycle like the Gregorian calendar.

When did the Islamic calendar begin, and what event marks its start?

The Islamic (Hijri) calendar began in 622 CE, marking the year of the Prophet Muhammad's migration (Hijrah) from Mecca to Medina.

Why does the Islamic calendar year consist of fewer days than the Gregorian calendar year?

The Islamic calendar year is shorter because it is based on the lunar cycle, which is about 10 to 12 days shorter than the solar-based Gregorian year.

How many days do the months in the Islamic calendar typically have?

The months in the Islamic calendar usually have either 29 or 30 days, depending on the Moon's cycle. The days are counted starting from Maghrib (sunset).

What is a 'leap year' in the Islamic calendar, and how does it differ from the Gregorian leap year?

A 'leap year' in the Islamic calendar occurs every 2 or 3 years and adds an extra day to one of the months, making the year 355 days long instead of 354. This is different from the Gregorian leap year, which occurs every 4 years and adds a day to February.