FORMAS NOMINAIS DO VERBO: INFINITIVO, GERÚNDIO E PARTICÍPIO | Português Enem. Mercedes Bonorino

Summary

In this video, the speaker explains the three nominal verb forms in Portuguese: infinitive, gerund, and participle. These forms are essential in understanding how verbs can function in different contexts, not just as actions but also as other parts of speech. The speaker uses examples to demonstrate how each form can express potential (infinitive), ongoing action (gerund), or completed action (participle). The video also highlights how these forms can be creatively used in sentences, often in ways that differ from their standard verb roles. Engaging and educational, the speaker includes a fun exercise to reinforce the concepts.

Takeaways

• 😀 The script discusses the nominal forms of verbs in Portuguese: infinitive, gerund, and past participle.
• 😀 Infinitive verbs are the base form of verbs, ending in -ar, -er, or -ir, and are considered static or potential actions, not yet happening.
• 😀 The gerund indicates an ongoing action or process, typically ending in -ando, -endo, or -indo, like 'amando' (loving) or 'bebendo' (drinking).
• 😀 The past participle describes a completed action, such as 'amado' (loved) or 'bebido' (drunk), and is often used to form perfect tenses.
• 😀 Infinitives can function as nouns, as seen in 'Amar é bom' (To love is good), where 'amar' (to love) is used as a noun.
• 😀 The gerund can function as an adjective, such as in the example 'água fervendo' (boiling water), where 'fervendo' (boiling) describes the water.
• 😀 Participles can also function as adjectives, as seen in 'pão amanhecido' (stale bread), where 'amanhecido' (stale) describes the bread.
• 😀 Forms like infinitive, gerund, and participle are not conjugated verbs but can take on other grammatical roles in different contexts.
• 😀 The script includes an example of a fun exercise about verb forms, using a playful scenario with a beaver (Castor), illustrating infinitive, gerund, and participle.
• 😀 The key distinction between these forms is that the infinitive is static (potential action), the gerund is dynamic (ongoing action), and the past participle indicates a completed action.

Q & A

What are the three nominal forms of verbs discussed in the script?

The three nominal forms of verbs discussed are infinitive, gerund, and participle.

What is the role of the infinitive form of a verb?

The infinitive form of a verb represents the verb in its base, un-conjugated form. It is neutral and indicates an action that has not yet begun.

How does the infinitive form of a verb appear in a dictionary?

In a dictionary, the infinitive form of a verb appears as the base form, ending in -ar, -er, or -ir, such as 'amar' (to love), 'beber' (to drink), or 'sorrir' (to smile).

What is the significance of the '-r' ending in the infinitive form?

The '-r' ending is a defining characteristic of the infinitive form of the verb, marking it as an unconjugated, neutral verb form.

What does the gerund form indicate in a sentence?

The gerund form indicates an action in progress, showing that the action is happening at the moment, such as 'amando' (loving), 'bebendo' (drinking), or 'sorrindo' (smiling).

How is the participle form different from the infinitive and gerund?

The participle form indicates a completed action, describing something that has already happened or been done, such as 'amado' (loved), 'bebido' (drunk), or 'sorrido' (smiled).

Can nominal forms of verbs be used as other parts of speech?

Yes, nominal forms like infinitives, gerunds, and participles can function as other parts of speech, such as nouns, adjectives, or even adverbs, depending on the context.

In the example 'amar é bom,' what grammatical function does 'amar' serve?

'Amar' in 'amar é bom' is not a verb but a substantivized verb, functioning as a noun that means 'the act of loving.'

What does the example 'água fervendo' illustrate about the gerund?

'Água fervendo' shows that 'fervendo' is functioning as an adjective, not as a verb, describing the water that is boiling.

Why is 'pastorando' used in the charge as a creative example of the gerund?

'Pastorando' in the charge creatively uses the gerund to indicate an action in progress, blending the verb 'pastor' (pastoring) with the gerund form to create a playful image of movement.