Abu Abbas Ash Saffah, Khalifah Pertama Dinasti Abbasiyah Setelah Penggulingan Bani Umayyah

Summary

This video explores the history of Abu Abbas as-Saffah, the founder and first caliph of the Abbasid Dynasty. Born in 721, he overthrew the Umayyad Dynasty in 750, establishing the Abbasid caliphate. Known for his ruthlessness in eliminating Umayyad descendants, he also laid the foundation for the flourishing of Islamic civilization, particularly in science and governance. After ruling for four years, he passed away in 754 and was succeeded by his brother, Abu Jafar al-Mansur. His reign marked a significant turning point in Islamic history.

Takeaways

• 😀 Abu Abbas al-Saffah was the founder and first caliph of the Abbasid dynasty, which lasted from 750 to 1258.
• 😀 He was born in 721 in Syria and was a descendant of Abbas bin Abdul Muthalib, the uncle of the Prophet Muhammad.
• 😀 Abu Abbas grew up to be a strong opponent of the Umayyad dynasty, which he viewed as corrupt and illegitimate.
• 😀 He gained support from military commander Abu Muslim al-Khurasani and led a successful revolt against the Umayyads, overthrowing them in 750.
• 😀 Abu Abbas was given the title 'as-Saffah,' meaning 'the blood-shedder,' due to his brutal approach in eliminating the Umayyad leadership.
• 😀 After the overthrow of the Umayyads, Abu Abbas focused on establishing a stable and effective administration.
• 😀 His reign, though brief (750–754), helped set the stage for the rapid development of the Abbasid Caliphate.
• 😀 Despite his ruthless tactics, Abu Abbas is recognized for laying the foundations of Islamic civilization, especially in the fields of governance and knowledge.
• 😀 His efforts to establish a strong administration led to a period of intellectual and cultural growth in the Islamic world.
• 😀 Before his death in 754, Abu Abbas appointed his brother, Abu Jafar al-Mansur, as his successor, ensuring the continuation of the Abbasid dynasty.

Q & A

Who was the founder of the Abbasid Dynasty?

The founder of the Abbasid Dynasty was Abu Abbas as-Saffah.

What was the role of Abu Abbas as-Saffah in the Abbasid Revolution?

Abu Abbas as-Saffah played a central role in the Abbasid Revolution by leading efforts to overthrow the Umayyad Dynasty. He gained support from military commanders like Abu Muslim al-Khurasani, which helped in the success of the revolution.

How long did the Abbasid Caliphate last?

The Abbasid Caliphate lasted from 750 to 1258.

Why was Abu Abbas as-Saffah given the title 'as-Saffah'?

He was given the title 'as-Saffah,' meaning 'the bloodshedder,' because of the brutal manner in which he eliminated the Umayyad family members after overthrowing their dynasty.

What major actions did Abu Abbas as-Saffah take during his early rule?

During his early rule, Abu Abbas as-Saffah commanded the hunting down of Umayyad descendants, even exhuming their graves and burning their bones. Despite his brutality, he was praised for establishing a stable government.

What were some of the significant achievements of the Abbasid Dynasty under Abu Abbas as-Saffah's leadership?

Under Abu Abbas as-Saffah's leadership, the Abbasid Dynasty laid the foundation for a flourishing Islamic civilization, especially in areas like science, knowledge, and governance.

What was Abu Abbas as-Saffah's background and family lineage?

Abu Abbas as-Saffah was born in Syria in 721 and was the son of Muhammad bin Ali. He was a descendant of Abbas ibn Abdul Muttalib, the paternal uncle of Prophet Muhammad.

How did Abu Abbas as-Saffah’s reign impact the Umayyad Dynasty?

Abu Abbas as-Saffah's reign marked the fall of the Umayyad Dynasty, as he led the successful revolution against their rule, ending their control over the Islamic caliphate.

What role did military commander Abu Muslim al-Khurasani play in the Abbasid Revolution?

Abu Muslim al-Khurasani was a crucial military leader who supported the Abbasid cause, providing strategic leadership that helped ensure the overthrow of the Umayyad Dynasty.

What happened to Abu Abbas as-Saffah after he became Caliph?

Abu Abbas as-Saffah ruled as the first Caliph of the Abbasid Dynasty from 750 until his death in 754. He appointed his brother, Abu Jafar al-Mansur, as his successor before passing away.