Kutukan Mpu Gandring Buat Pendiri Kerajaan Singasari | Sejarah Indonesia

Summary

This educational video provides an insightful exploration of the Singasari Kingdom, founded by Ken Arok in 1222 CE. It covers key aspects such as its political, social, and cultural developments, along with the notable reigns of the kingdom's rulers. The video delves into the complex history, including the rise and fall of significant figures like Ken Arok, Anusapati, Tohjoyo, Ranggawuni, and Kertanegara. It highlights the kingdom's achievements, including military conquests, religious tolerance, and cultural advancements, and concludes with its eventual downfall in 1292 due to the betrayal by Jayakatwang.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Kingdom of Singasari was founded by Ken Arok in 1222 AD after defeating King Kertajaya of Kediri.
• 😀 The kingdom was located in Singasari, near Malang in East Java, and had a Hindu-Buddhist cultural blend.
• 😀 Ken Arok's rise to power involved betrayal and violence, including the murder of Tunggul Ametung and his eventual ascension to the throne.
• 😀 The famous curse of Mpu Gandring's keris played a crucial role in the deaths of several key figures in the kingdom.
• 😀 The kingdom saw the rule of several successive kings, including Anusapati, Tohjoyo, and Ranggawuni, each with distinct periods of governance and conflict.
• 😀 King Kertanegara (1268–1292 AD) was the last ruler of Singasari, and his reign marked the peak of the kingdom's power.
• 😀 Kertanegara aimed to unite the entire Indonesian archipelago under Singasari's rule, and expanded the kingdom’s influence to areas like Bali, Kalimantan, and Sriwijaya.
• 😀 The kingdom’s downfall came after Kertanegara's assassination by Jayakatwang, a former ally who sought to revive Kediri.
• 😀 Religious life in Singasari was characterized by a harmonious blend of Hinduism and Buddhism, with examples like the Siwa-Buddha syncretism.
• 😀 Cultural advancements flourished during the kingdom’s prosperity, including notable constructions like Candi Kidal, Candi Singasari, and Candi Jago, which remain as important historical landmarks.

Q & A

Who founded the Singhasari Kingdom?

The Singhasari Kingdom was founded by Ken Arok in 1222 AD after defeating King Kertajaya of the Kediri Kingdom.

What significant event marked Ken Arok's rise to power?

Ken Arok rose to power after he defeated King Kertajaya in a battle at Ganter, and he became the first king of Singhasari.

What was the official name of the Singhasari Kingdom according to historical records?

The official name of the Singhasari Kingdom was 'Tumapel,' as mentioned in the Kudadu inscription.

What role did the Mpu Gandring keris play in the events of the Singhasari Kingdom?

The Mpu Gandring keris was cursed to claim seven lives over seven generations. It was used to kill Tunggul Ametung, Ken Arok, and others, triggering a series of killings within the royal family.

How did Ken Arok come to marry Ken Dedes?

Ken Arok killed Tunggul Ametung, the husband of Ken Dedes, and then married her, following a prophecy that whoever married her would become a ruler.

What happened after Ken Arok's death?

After Ken Arok's death, his son Anusapati avenged his father's murder by killing Ken Arok with the cursed keris, and he ruled Singhasari from 1227 to 1248 AD.

Who succeeded Anusapati as the ruler of Singhasari?

Anusapati was succeeded by Tohjaya, who took over after killing Anusapati.

What was the major accomplishment of King Ranggawuni?

King Ranggawuni successfully united the kingdoms of Singhasari and Kediri and ruled jointly with Mahesa Cempaka, strengthening the kingdom.

What was King Kertanegara's ambition for the Singhasari Kingdom?

King Kertanegara aimed to unite the entire Indonesian archipelago under the Singhasari Kingdom and expanded its influence to various regions like Bali, Kalimantan, and Pahang.

What led to the downfall of the Singhasari Kingdom?

The Singhasari Kingdom fell after King Kertanegara was killed in 1292 AD by Jayakatwang, who sought to revive the Kediri Kingdom. This event marked the end of Singhasari and the rise of Majapahit.