5 Finance Jobs Explained (and what they pay) Pt1
Summary
TLDRこのビデオでは、金融業界における5つのキャリアパスを紹介します。財務計画と分析、トレーディング、投資銀行、株式研究、財務監査の各分野について、仕事のライフバランス、報酬、必要なスキルを解説します。また、各キャリアにおける企業例も紹介し、入門者向けの視点から1~2年後の展望も提供します。金融業界で活躍するためにはどのようなスキルが求められるかを知りたい視聴者にとって、魅力的な情報源となっています。
Takeaways
- 💼 金融業界には財務計画と分析、トレーディング、投資銀行、証券分析、財務監査の5つのキャリアパスがあると説明されています。
- 🔍 財務計画と分析(FPA)は、企業の財務予測や予算編成に関わる仕事で、財務会社だけでなくAppleやExomobileなどの大企業にも必要です。
- 📈 トレーダーは株式や債券、先物、オプションなどの証券を売買し、市場の開閉に応じて非常にストレスフルな仕事であるとされています。
- 🏦 投資銀行は企業に対して資金調達や財務に関するアドバイスを提供し、M&Aを含む重要なビジネス・デアルに関与します。
- 📊 証券分析は、投資機会に関する報告書や推薦を提供する仕事で、株式や債券などの投資の買入、保有、売却を分析します。
- 🔍 財務監査は、企業の財務諸表の正確性を検証し、内部監査と外部監査の2つのタイプがあります。
- 💻 FPAのスキルは、Excelのスプレッドシート操作、財務・会計、戦略的思考に重点が置かれています。
- 📈 トレーダーには、数値処理能力、迅速な思考力、冷静な判断力が求められます。
- 🏦 投資銀行の仕事は非常にデアル指向で、非常に長い時間働く必要があり、報酬も高いとされています。
- 📊 証券分析は技術的スキルに重点が置かれており、統計学、経済学、財務・会計の知識が重要です。
- 🔍 財務監査は財務・会計の専門知識とExcelのスキルが必要な仕事で、CPA資格を獲得するプロセスに関与します。
Q & A
金融における5つのキャリアパスは何ですか?
-ファイナンシャル・プランニング・アンド・アナリシス、トレーディング、投資銀行、エクイティ・リサーチ、ファイナンシャル・オディットです。
ファイナンシャル・プランニング・アンド・アナリシス(FPA)の主な仕事内容は何ですか?
-企業の財務予測や予算編成を行い、収益や純利益、マーケティングチームへの予算割り当て、社員給与などを管理します。
トレーダーの職種について教えてください。
-トレーダーは株式や債券、オプション、先物、スワップなどの金融商品を売買します。自社かクライアントの資金を動かして利益を得るための職種です。
投資銀行の主な業務は何ですか?
-企業の資金調達や財務に関するアドバイザリーを提供し、M&Aなどの財務関連のマターを支援します。
エクイティ・リサーチの職種はどのようなものですか?
-投資の機会に関する報告書や推薦をクライアントに提供し、株式などの投資先の買入れ、保有、売却に関するアドバイスを行っています。
ファイナンシャル・オディットはどのような職種ですか?
-企業の財務諸表の正確性を検証し、誤りや詐欺の可能性を調査する職種です。内部監査と外部監査の2つのタイプがあります。
FPAのスキル要件は何ですか?
-エクセルのスキル、財務・会計知識、戦略立案能力が必要です。
トレーダーになるために必要なスキルは何ですか?
-数値処理能力、迅速な思考力、決定力、冷静さを持ち、ライセンス(例えばSeries 7試験)が必要です。
投資銀行の仕事の平均時間はどれくらいですか?
-平均して週に80時間を超える長い時間の労働が求められる傾向があります。
エクイティ・リサーチの報酬はどのくらいですか?
-基本給は85,000ドル程度で、業績によるボーナスが加わり、100,000ドル以上にもなる可能性があります。
ファイナンシャル・オディットのスキル要件には何が含まれますか?
-財務・会計の知識、エクセルのスキル、プレゼンテーション能力、CPA資格などを目指すことが求められます。
Outlines
😀 ファイナンスにおける5つのキャリアパスの紹介
このビデオでは、投資銀行とトレーディング、株式研究などの異なるファイナンス関連の役割の違いについて説明し、ファイナンスプランニングと分析、トレーディング、投資銀行、株式研究、財務監査の5つのキャリアパスを紹介します。ビデオでは、これらのロールのワークライフバランス、報酬、必要なスキルについて説明し、各キャリアパスにおける企業の例も提供します。また、ビデオは新規入社者向けにも適しており、1〜2年後に進むかもしれない視点をも考慮しています。
📊 ファイナンスプランニングと分析(FPA)の概要
ファイナンスプランニングと分析は、企業の財務予測と予算編成に関連する仕事です。FPAチームは、会社の収益や純利益、マーケティングチームへの予算割り当て、社員の給与などに関する問題を解決する責任があります。FPAは金融企業だけでなく、AppleやExomobileなどの大企業にも必要な役割です。FPAの役割は、上級管理職が計画を立てた後、その計画を実現するための方針を実施することです。必要なスキルは、Excelでのスプレッドシート操作、財務・会計、戦略的思考などです。ワークアワーは平均で50〜60時間であり、年間末にはピークシーズンにより若干長い時間働くことがあります。報酬は地域により異なりますが、典型的な大規模なアメリカの都市では、年俸が6万から9万ドル程度です。
💼 トレーダーとしてのキャリアの概要
トレーダーは株式や債券、オプション、先物、スワップ、その他の派生商品などの証券を買収・販売する仕事です。トレーダーは自社の資金や顧客の代理として取引を行い、その結果は常にパフォーマンスに反映されます。これは非常にストレスフルな仕事であり、報酬は変動が大きく、ボーナスを通じて大幅に増加する可能性があります。必要なスキルは、数値を扱う能力、迅速な思考力、意思決定力、感情を抑える能力などです。トレーダーになるには、シリーズ7試験を通じてライセンスが必要であり、多くの企業がコースや試験費用を負担します。報酬は地域や業績により異なりますが、大都市では年俸が7万から10万ドル程度と推定されます。
🏦 投資銀行業務の紹介
投資銀行業務は、企業向けの資金調達と財務に関するアドバイザリーサービスを提供する仕事です。資金調達は、企業が株式や債券を通じて資金を調達するプロセスを支援し、アドバイザリーは企業の合併・買収などの財務に関する問題解決を支援します。投資銀行業務は非常に取引に依存しており、取引の期限に合わせて非常に長い時間働く必要があります。平均的な週の労働時間は80時間程度であり、報酬は非常に高いです。大規模なアメリカの都市では、基本給が約8万5千ドルから始め、パフォーマンスによるボーナスが5万ドル近くに達する可能性があります。必要なスキルは、財務会計、企業ファイナンス、Excel、PowerPoint、販売力、プレゼンテーションスキルなどです。
📈 株式研究職の概要
株式研究は、投資機会に関する報告書と推薦を提供する仕事です。株式研究は投資銀行内でも行われることがあるため、役割が混同されることがありますが、基本的には特定の投資を買入、保有、売却するべきかに関する分析と推薦を行います。株式研究の仕事は、取引に依存しないため、構造化された労働時間が一般的です。労働時間は週に60〜70時間程度で、報酬は投資銀行業務と同じく基本給が8万5千ドル程度で、ボーナスは若干少ないが10万ドル以上にもなる可能性があります。必要なスキルは、統計学、経済学、財務会計、プログラミング言語(SQLやVBA)の知識、書く能力などです。CFA(Chartered Financial Analyst)資格も株式研究職に一般的です。
🔍 財務監査職の紹介
財務監査は、企業の財務諸表の正確性を検証する仕事です。内部監査と外部監査があり、内部監査は企業内で行われ、外部監査はビッグ4などの監査会社が行うことが多いです。監査の仕事は週に60時間程度で、冬のクローズ期間には若干忙しくなることがあります。報酬は大都市では年収が6万から7万ドル程度です。必要なスキルは、財務・会計、Excel、プレゼンテーションスキルなどです。CPA(Certified Public Accountant)資格も監査職に一般的です。
📚 その他のファイナンスロールの紹介とビデオの締めくくり
ビデオでは5つのファイナンスロールを紹介しましたが、他にも多くのロールがあることを認識しています。このビデオが好評であれば、パート2を制作し、プライベートバンキング、商業銀行、クアンタなど他の役割についても紹介する予定です。視聴者が特定のポジションについて知りたい場合はコメント欄でお知らせください。このビデオを楽しんでいただけたら、高評価と登録をお願いします。次のビデオでお会いしましょう。
Mindmap
Keywords
💡ファイナンシャル・プランニング・アンド・アナリシス(FP&A)
💡トレーダー
💡投資銀行
💡株式リサーチ
💡財務監査
💡ワークライフバランス
💡報酬
💡スキルセット
💡企業
💡キャリアパス
Highlights
Kenji introduces five career paths in finance aimed at helping viewers understand the differences between roles like investment banking and trading.
The five career paths discussed are financial planning and analysis (FP&A), trading, investment banking, equity research, and financial audit.
FP&A involves forecasting and budgeting a company's finances, impacting decisions such as revenue projections and marketing allocations.
FP&A roles are not limited to finance companies; large corporations like Apple also have FP&A teams.
Skills required for FP&A include proficiency in Excel, finance and accounting, and strategic planning.
Work hours for FP&A typically range from 50 to 60 hours per week, with peak seasons affecting workload.
The average salary for FP&A roles in a big U.S. city is between $60,000 to $90,000.
Trading involves buying and selling securities, which can include stocks, bonds, and complex derivatives.
Trading roles are known for their stress due to the unpredictable nature of financial markets.
Key skills for traders include numerical aptitude, quick thinking, decision-making, and emotional stability.
A license, such as the Series 7 exam in the U.S., is often required to become a trader.
Salaries for traders can vary greatly, with estimates ranging from $70,000 to $100,000 in big financial cities.
Investment banking involves financing (raising money for companies) and advisory services (e.g., mergers and acquisitions).
Investment banking roles require long hours, often around 80 hours per week, due to deal-oriented work.
The base salary for investment banking in a big U.S. city like New York starts around $85,000, with bonuses potentially reaching $50,000.
Equity research focuses on producing reports and recommendations on investment opportunities for clients.
Equity research roles require technical skills in statistics, economics, finance, accounting, and often programming languages like SQL or VBA.
Work hours for equity research are typically 60 to 70 hours a week, with a structured schedule based on company financial statements.
Financial audit involves verifying the accuracy of financial statements, which can be done as an internal or external auditor.
Auditors work towards the CPA (Certified Public Accountant) designation, particularly in the U.S.
The average salary for financial auditors in big financial cities is around $60,000 to $70,000.
Kenji offers to create a part two video if this one is well-received, potentially covering roles like private banking, commercial banking, and quants.
Transcripts
what's up everyone kenji here and in this video i thought i'd share five career paths in finance
now i realized that quite a lot of people don't really seem to understand the differences between
investment banking and trading or equity research and other sort of finance related
roles so in this video i'm gonna try my best to explain those and hopefully you can decide what's
most suited to you so the five that i've picked are financial planning and analysis
trading investment banking equity research and financial audit and i'll mainly be focusing on
these roles for entry level as well as maybe one two years down the line too so i'll be discussing
the work life balance the pay as well as the skills required and with that i'm also gonna
provide examples of companies in each career path and obviously this is just five positions right
this is by no means a complete list but if this video does well i will consider making a part two
covering some other things like what might be private banking commercial banking as well as
quants and other things like that i've also made a similar video on business career paths if you want
to check that out i'll leave it in the description but for now let's jump into this one so the first
one is fp a which stands for financial planning and analysis and this basically has to do with
forecasting and budgeting a company's finances so things like what will our revenue
look like in three years time what about our net income or how much money should we allocate to
the marketing team how much should we pay our employees other things like that will typically
be solved by the fbi team and i do want to clarify that fp a isn't necessarily for finance companies
so apple say or exomobile or any other large company really also has a finance team right
and within it it's probably going to have an fpna team as well and generally how it works is that
the senior executives will come up with a macro level plan like what might be hey reach 10 billion
in revenue by in five years time or something like that and then the fpa team is going to be in
charge of actually implementing certain policies so that that can actually be achieved and for this
kind of a role you can either get hired fresh out of college like some of my friends have or you can
spend a couple years working say at a big four or something like that and then make the switch
for the skills required it's mainly got to do with excel work so spreadsheets
secondly finance and accounting obviously as well as some strategy too so you know where the company
might be heading towards ray as for the work hours i'd say from 50 to 60 is more or less the
average so it's nothing say exaggerated it is a good amount of work though there's obviously
some peak seasons right so typically when the year ends that's when the account closes and obviously
you need to work slightly more during that period right as for the pay it obviously varies depending
on location right the thing with fpa is that it's such a broad thing that it can either be you can
be working in fpa at the local hotel or you can be working in fpna at apple right which is obviously
going to pay you a lot more but i'd say a typical range in a say a big u.s city could be something
like 60 to 90 000 us dollars the second one has to do with that of a trader which basically entails
buying and selling securities so these might be things like stocks and bonds or more complex
things like what might be options futures swaps or other derivatives like that now typically for
the dynamics of this it's either you trade your your money or your company's money or you can also
trade on behalf of clients now the job is known to be quite stressful and that's mainly because
you're dealing with money right and that money goes up just like it goes down sometimes
which can be very unpredictable and stressful for some people also you're constantly measured
on your performance right it's very obvious to tell if you're winning or losing money because
all you have to do is look at your account as for the hours it's usually around 60 hours a week
basically the most intense hours are when the markets open in the u.s i believe that's around
from nine to four thirty and before that and after that you're basically gonna be planning doing some
research and getting ready for the market open time right some of the big skills required for
this kind of a role is being good with numbers being really a fast thinker fast decision maker
in that sense because you can win and lose money in just a couple seconds and then thirdly has to
do with being relatively unemotional right it's obviously going to help your decision making too
also you usually need a license to become a trader and in the us at least that's typically through
the series 7 exam now most of the cases the company that you're employed at will usually pay
for the course work as well as well as the test as for the salary it really varies hugely here that's
primarily because some people make tons of money and through bonuses and other things like that
they might be able to really increase that whilst others just don't make that much maybe they're
not as good at trading right but i'd say a good estimate for the big financial cities is around
70 to 100 000 and some of the companies with entry-level trader roles include the investment
monks oil and gas companies as well as the big asset managers like blackrock or vanguard as well
and i'll leave this article linked as well where a trader basically goes through his day in the
life if you're interested now the next path is investment banking and this is definitely
one of the most popular ones out there so let me briefly explain what they do and at its core it's
really two main things number one has to do with financing which is basically raising money for
companies so for instance that might be through stocks like airbnb's recent ipo or through bonds
like apple recently selling 14 billion worth of bonds where the investment bank helps out in the
process right then on the other hand you have what is called advisory which basically has to do with
advising companies on financially related matters right a common example here has to do with mergers
and acquisitions and an example of that happening in real life has to do with say amazon buying
mgm recently for around 8.5 billion the job is highly deal oriented which basically means that
you have to work very long hours in order to meet the deadlines of those deals right and sometimes
they can also be quite unpredictable so i'd say an average week could be around the 80 hour mark
which is definitely a lot more than your average brain that said you do get compensated quite a
lot typically in a big u.s city like say new york you'd probably start with a base salary of around
85 000 and then the bonus depending on performance it is quite high it can reach something like
50 000 or so in performance as well as for the skills required for the job it mainly
has to do with financial accounting and corporate finance and then on the computer side of things
excel and powerpoint and then later on as you move up the ranks as you become a bit more senior
the ability to sell being a good salesman being a good presenter obviously starts taking more of an
importance as well and i'll leave this resource linked in the description as well which basically
goes over the day in the life of an analyst i did make a day in the life video myself as i was
working at goldman sachs in their investment banking division as an intern if you want to
check that out i'll leave a link as well the next role is equity research and this one basically
has to do with producing reports as well as recommendations on investment opportunities
for clients now i do realize that this does get a bit confusing in that within investment banks
there are equity research teams and there are also traders within an investment too and the reality
is that investment banks are so big nowadays that they actually have a lot of different
divisions some of which do overlap with some of the roles that i'm talking about here today
so i can understand why some people might get a bit confused on that so apologies for that in
advance but at its core equity research is about whether you should buy hold or sell a particular
investment now these investments could be stocks which is the case most of the time or it can also
be bonds funds or other instruments like that and here's an example of what that report might look
like this one's from morgan stanley's research team as they analyze apple and give an estimate
of a price target right and as you can take a look here it is quite extensive it is quite
detailed i mean it's quite a long document i'll leave it in the description just in case you're
interested too so you can take a closer look i did find this one online for free on the internet so
you can definitely find a lot more too as for the work hours unlike investment banking equity
research isn't so deal oriented so typically you do have quite a bit of a structure in that say
you're giving a set number of companies that you should be researching and based on that you're
obviously gonna know when each one's coming up with new financial statements and other things
like that right so there's no surprises in the same way right so i'd say around 60 to 70 hours
a week it's quite normal it is still more than your average work but they do get paid fairly
well i'd say around 85 000 as the base salary just like investment banking but the bonus is
typically slightly less even though it can still reach 100 000 plus as for the skills required it
is quite technical so you do need a good knowledge of statistics economics finance and accounting and
other things like that it is also important to know how to write as you can obviously see by the
by the reports that i showed you earlier and in addition to that people are typically somewhat
knowledgeable with some programming languages like what might be sql or vba too also the cfa
which is short for chartered financial analyst is a common designation for equity research as well
and i'll leave this article going over a day in the life in equity research as well if you're
interested so this brings us to our final path which is financial audit that's basically got to
do with verifying the accuracy of the financial statements of a company so it's really about
investigating whether there's potentially any errors or even fraud somewhere in there this can
either be in the form of an internal auditor or an external auditor internal auditor basically means
that you're employed by the company that you owed it so for example i could be employed by coca-cola
not be auditing coca-cola's financial statements internally right and then on the other hand you
have external auditors which are typically the big four you've probably already heard of them
and you go around auditing different companies out there so typically you might spend say two to
three weeks in a particular company auditing their accounts and then move on to the next company and
so on and so forth it's actually what i did myself for a summer at pwc for instance also while at the
job auditors do work towards a designation known as the cpa which stands for the certified public
accountant in the us at least and usually as for the work hours it's typically around 60 hours a
week something along those lines it does peak it does go slightly higher in the winter months which
is basically when the companies are closing all of their accounts so it does get slightly busier
obviously as for the pay i'd say it's around 60 to 70 000 us dollars a year in the big financial
cities and then lastly looking at the skill set this mainly has to do with obviously finance and
accounting and then some excel work even though that's not that heavy on the end as well as some
more presentation and other skills like that especially as you move further down the road
so those are five i do realize that there's a ton of other finance roles out there which i'd
like to cover at some point maybe in a part 2 if this video does well so make sure you hit that
like and subscribe button do comment down below if there's any particular position that you'd like me
to cover though that's all for this video i hope you enjoyed it and i'll catch you in the next one
you
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