Kupas Tuntas Materi Bhinneka Tunggal Ika dalam 22 Menit

Summary

This video discusses the concept of 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' (Unity in Diversity), a phrase originating from the 14th-century Javanese text Sutasoma. It traces the phrase's adoption in Indonesia’s national emblem, Garuda Pancasila, as a symbol of the nation's unity amidst its vast diversity of cultures, languages, and religions. The video also delves into the historical and legal context of 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika', referencing Indonesia’s Constitution and laws that emphasize the importance of respecting cultural diversity and maintaining national unity. It highlights the country's unique position as a nation of over 17,000 islands and 700 languages.

Takeaways

• 😀 The phrase 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' originated from the 14th-century Javanese text 'Sutasoma' by Mpu Tantular during the Majapahit Empire.
• 😀 The literal meaning of 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' is 'Unity in Diversity', highlighting that different elements can coexist while maintaining unity.
• 😀 The slogan 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' was later proposed by Muhammad Yamin and became the official national motto after Indonesia’s independence.
• 😀 The national emblem of Indonesia, Garuda Pancasila, was designed through a competition, with contributions from both M Yamin and Sultan Hamid II.
• 😀 The final design of the Garuda Pancasila emblem, used today, was refined after multiple revisions by President Sukarno and other political figures.
• 😀 Indonesia is a vast archipelago, comprising over 17,000 islands with significant ethnic, linguistic, cultural, and religious diversity.
• 😀 The diversity in Indonesia is reflected in its legal and constitutional framework, particularly in the original and amended 1945 Constitution.
• 😀 Indonesia’s legal recognition of diversity is evident in various constitutional articles that protect regional autonomy, cultural heritage, and freedom of belief.
• 😀 The country’s governance structure ensures that all regions, regardless of their ethnic or cultural identity, are respected and included in national development.
• 😀 The Garuda Pancasila emblem and the motto 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' symbolize the core national principle of unity despite Indonesia's diversity.

Q & A

What is the origin of the phrase 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika'?

The phrase 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' was first found in the 'Sutasoma' manuscript written by Mpu Tantular in the 14th century during the Majapahit Kingdom era. It emphasizes the unity in diversity concept, stating that different religions (like Buddhism and Hinduism) have the same core truth.

Who introduced the phrase 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' as the national motto?

'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' was proposed by Muhammad Yamin during the BPUPKI (Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Independence) sessions, where it was later adopted and became the national motto of Indonesia.

How was the Garuda Pancasila emblem created?

The Garuda Pancasila emblem was designed through a competition, with contributions from various figures. Sultan Hamid II's design was chosen, but it was later modified based on suggestions from other leaders, including Soekarno and the Masyumi party.

Why was the initial design of the Garuda emblem rejected?

The initial design of the Garuda emblem, created by Sultan Hamid II, was rejected because it featured a rising sun symbol, which could be interpreted as a remnant of Japanese influence, reminiscent of the Japanese flag.

What changes were made to the Garuda emblem after the initial rejection?

After the initial rejection, the emblem was modified by Soekarno and others. Changes included removing mythological elements like a hand gripping the shield, adding a crest to the eagle’s head, and adjusting the positioning of the eagle’s feet.

What does 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' represent in the context of Indonesia?

'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' represents the idea of unity in diversity in Indonesia. It acknowledges the country's vast cultural, linguistic, religious, and ethnic diversity, emphasizing that despite differences, there is a singular national identity.

How does 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' reflect Indonesia's legal framework?

'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' is enshrined in Indonesia's legal framework, specifically in the pre-amendment 1945 Constitution, where it was reflected in the regulation of regional autonomy and the recognition of the country's ethnic and cultural diversity.

What role do Indonesian regional languages and cultures play in the concept of 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika'?

Indonesia is home to over 700 languages and a diverse range of ethnic groups. 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' emphasizes the importance of embracing and preserving these regional languages, cultures, and traditions while maintaining national unity.

How does the 1945 Constitution of Indonesia uphold the concept of 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika'?

The 1945 Constitution (both pre- and post-amendment) upholds 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' by emphasizing the importance of regional autonomy, ensuring that local cultures, languages, and traditions are respected, and incorporating policies that promote diversity and inclusion.

What does the term 'Masyumi' refer to in the context of the Garuda Pancasila design process?

Masyumi was a political party in Indonesia that played a role in the modification of the Garuda Pancasila emblem's design. They criticized certain mythological elements of the design, suggesting practical changes to make the emblem more suitable for Indonesia’s national identity.