3D Printing Materials Explained: Compare FDM, SLA, and SLS

Summary

This video explores the capabilities of modern 3D printing technologies, showcasing materials available for FDM, SLA, and SLS printers. It covers common materials like PLA, ABS, PETG, TPU, and engineering plastics, highlighting their strengths for various applications, from prototypes to durable end-use parts. Viewers learn about the advantages of each technology and material, including the use of flexible resins, high-performance nylons, and composites for functional and industrial needs. The video provides a framework to help users select the right 3D printing material based on performance, material properties, and application requirements.

Takeaways

• 😀 FDM 3D printers use thermoplastic filaments, ideal for concept models and simple prototypes.
• 😀 PLA is a popular FDM material for models but tends to be brittle, while ABS is more durable and heat-resistant.
• 😀 PETG is a good alternative to PLA and ABS, offering an easier workflow and semi-transparency.
• 😀 TPU is perfect for flexible, stretchable parts in FDM printing, while engineering plastics like nylon are used for more advanced applications.
• 😀 SLA 3D printers use resin and a laser to create high-resolution models with smooth surface finishes.
• 😀 SLA offers a variety of resins for specific applications, such as clear parts, strong engineering resins, and flexible materials like TPU or silicone.
• 😀 SLS 3D printers use a laser to fuse thermoplastic powder, making them ideal for creating durable, functional parts.
• 😀 Nylon 12 and Nylon 11 are common SLS materials, with the former being ideal for functional prototyping and the latter offering higher elasticity and impact resistance.
• 😀 SLS also supports TPU, a flexible material, great for parts requiring high tear strength and elongation.
• 😀 To choose the right material, start by defining the performance requirements of your application, then narrow down based on material properties, price, and workflow needs.

Q & A

What are some common 3D printing technologies mentioned in the script?

The script mentions three common 3D printing technologies: Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), Stereolithography (SLA), and Selective Laser Sintering (SLS).

What is the primary difference between PLA and ABS in FDM 3D printing?

PLA is ideal for concept models and looks-like prototypes but is brittle, while ABS is tougher, more heat and impact-resistant, and generally more durable, though harder to print and requires ventilation.

What material is recommended for flexible and stretchable 3D printed parts?

TPU (Thermoplastic Polyurethane) is recommended for printing flexible and stretchable parts in FDM 3D printing.

How do SLA 3D printers work?

SLA 3D printers use a laser to cure thermosetting resins into hardened plastic through a process called photopolymerization.

What advantages do Formlabs SLA 3D printers offer?

Formlabs SLA 3D printers offer a variety of resin formulations, including high-resolution models, fast printing with draft resin, and the ability to create clear, transparent parts.

What are some specialized SLA materials available?

Specialized SLA materials include biocompatible medical and dental resins, jewelry resins for investment casting, and polyurethane resins for durable, long-lasting end-use parts.

What are the advantages of SLS 3D printers?

SLS 3D printers use a high-powered laser to fuse thermoplastic powder into solid parts, offering excellent mechanical characteristics that resemble injection-molded parts.

What is the most common SLS material, and what are its properties?

Nylon is the most common SLS material. It is lightweight, strong, flexible, and stable against impact, chemicals, heat, UV light, water, and dirt.

How can SLS materials be enhanced?

SLS materials like nylon can be reinforced with glass for rigidity or carbon fiber for strength and lightweight performance.

What are the key steps to choosing the right 3D printing material for your project?

The key steps are: first, define your performance requirements; second, translate them into material requirements; and finally, refine your choice by considering additional characteristics like workflow and price.