Reactions between Metals and Acids

Summary

This video explains the reactions between metals and acids, demonstrating how they produce salts and hydrogen gas. It covers the general equation for these reactions and provides specific examples like magnesium with hydrochloric acid, calcium with nitric acid, barium with sulfuric acid, and iron with sulfuric acid. The video also walks through balancing symbol equations and concludes with a demonstration of the squeaky pop test to detect hydrogen gas. This test involves holding a burning splint in a test tube to hear the distinct popping sound when hydrogen is present.

Takeaways

• 😀 Acids react with metals to form a salt and hydrogen gas.
• 😀 The general word equation for these reactions is: Metal + Acid → Salt + Hydrogen.
• 😀 When a metal reacts with an acid, effervescence (bubbling) is observed, indicating the production of hydrogen gas.
• 😀 Magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid to form magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas, with the equation: Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2.
• 😀 Calcium reacts with nitric acid to form calcium nitrate and hydrogen gas, with the equation: Ca + 2HNO3 → Ca(NO3)2 + H2.
• 😀 Barium reacts with sulfuric acid to form barium sulfate and hydrogen gas, with the equation: Ba + H2SO4 → BaSO4 + H2.
• 😀 Iron reacts with sulfuric acid to form iron sulfate and hydrogen gas, with the equation: Fe + H2SO4 → FeSO4 + H2.
• 😀 To balance chemical equations, ensure the number of atoms on both sides of the equation is equal.
• 😀 The squeaky pop test is used to detect the presence of hydrogen gas. A burning splint is placed in a test tube, and if hydrogen is present, a popping sound will occur.
• 😀 Hydrochloric acid always forms chlorides, nitric acid forms nitrates, and sulfuric acid forms sulfates when reacting with metals.

Q & A

What happens when metals react with acids?

When metals react with acids, they form a salt and hydrogen gas. This is accompanied by effervescence, which is the release of bubbles of gas.

What is the general word equation for the reaction between metals and acids?

The general word equation is: metal + acid → salt + hydrogen.

What is effervescence in a metal-acid reaction?

Effervescence is the bubbling of gas, which occurs when hydrogen gas is produced during the reaction between a metal and an acid.

How do you write the word equation for the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid?

The word equation for the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid is: magnesium + hydrochloric acid → magnesium chloride + hydrogen.

What is the symbol equation for the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid?

The symbol equation for the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid is: Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2.

How do you balance the equation for the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid?

The equation is balanced by placing a 2 in front of HCl to match the number of hydrogen and chlorine atoms on both sides of the equation.

What is the reaction between calcium and nitric acid?

When calcium reacts with nitric acid, it forms calcium nitrate and hydrogen gas.

How do you write the symbol equation for the reaction between calcium and nitric acid?

The symbol equation for the reaction between calcium and nitric acid is: Ca + 2HNO3 → Ca(NO3)2 + H2.

What salt is formed when barium reacts with sulfuric acid?

When barium reacts with sulfuric acid, the salt formed is barium sulfate.

What is the squeaky pop test and how is it used to test for hydrogen?

The squeaky pop test is a method for testing hydrogen gas. A burning splint is held near the opening of a test tube, and if hydrogen is present, a popping sound will be heard.