"Tarumanagara" Masa Kejayaan Nya, Oleh Raja Purnawarman. Raja yang Berwibawa,Bijak,Baik,Disukai

Summary

This video explores the rich history of the ancient Kingdom of Tarumanagara, one of the oldest and most influential kingdoms in Indonesia. Founded by Jaya Singawarman in 358 CE, Tarumanagara thrived for centuries, especially under the reign of Purnawarman, who brought the kingdom to its peak with his military and economic prowess. The video covers the kingdom’s rise, its connections with neighboring powers like China and India, its contributions to infrastructure, and its cultural legacy, including notable prasasti (inscriptions) and temples. The story of Tarumanagara showcases its pivotal role in the shaping of early Southeast Asian history.

Takeaways

• 😀 Tarumanagara was one of the oldest and most significant kingdoms in the Nusantara region, existing from the 5th to 7th centuries AD.
• 😀 The kingdom was founded in 358 AD by Jaya Singawarman, who migrated from the Salankayana kingdom in India due to political persecution.
• 😀 Jaya Singawarman married Dewi Minawati, daughter of King Dewawarman VIII, solidifying his position and eventually leading to the absorption of Salakanagara into Tarumanagara.
• 😀 Tarumanagara’s influence grew significantly due to its strategic location along the Citarum River and its strong maritime economy.
• 😀 Jaya Singawarman established the city of Jaya Singapura, which became an important cultural and political center in the region.
• 😀 The kingdom’s first significant ruler, Jaya Singawarman, was succeeded by his son Dharmayawarman, but it was during Purnawarman's reign that the kingdom reached its peak.
• 😀 Under Purnawarman, Tarumanagara became a major military and maritime power, successfully conquering smaller kingdoms across West Java.
• 😀 Purnawarman is remembered for his infrastructural projects, such as the construction of irrigation systems to aid agriculture and the repair of key waterways like the Gomati and Citarum Rivers.
• 😀 The kingdom fostered diplomatic and trade relations with neighboring regions, including China, Sriwijaya, and India, contributing to its prosperity.
• 😀 Purnawarman promoted Hinduism, especially the worship of Lord Vishnu, and built numerous temples and inscriptions to honor his achievements and solidify his rule.
• 😀 After Purnawarman’s death in 434 AD, the kingdom’s influence began to decline, but its historical impact on Southeast Asia and the region's cultural development remained significant.

Q & A

What is the significance of the Kingdom of Tarumanegara in the history of Nusantara?

The Kingdom of Tarumanegara is one of the oldest kingdoms in Nusantara, with its archaeological evidence showing its power in the western part of Java Island during the 5th to 7th centuries AD. It is important because it played a central role in the development of regional politics, economics, and culture, particularly through its maritime dominance and interactions with other kingdoms.

Who was the founder of the Kingdom of Tarumanegara, and what was his background?

The founder of the Kingdom of Tarumanegara was Maharishi Jaya Singawarman. He was originally from the Salakanagara Kingdom, an Indian kingdom, and sought refuge in the region after fleeing from the oppressive rule of King Sanggupta. He eventually established the kingdom in the 4th century AD after marrying Dewi Minawati, the daughter of King Dewawarman VIII.

How did the Kingdom of Salakanagara contribute to the establishment of Tarumanegara?

Salakanagara's role was crucial as Jaya Singawarman, the founder of Tarumanegara, originally came from there. After fleeing from India, he settled in the Salakanagara region and eventually established Tarumanegara as an independent kingdom. This marked the beginning of a new political entity that later overshadowed Salakanagara itself.

What led to the fall of Salakanagara?

Salakanagara fell due to its inability to compete with the rising power of Tarumanegara, particularly under the leadership of Jaya Singawarman. After the death of King Dewawarman IX, Salakanagara was absorbed into Tarumanegara, and its capital was moved to the Tarumanegara region, signifying the end of Salakanagara's independence.

What were the key accomplishments during the reign of King Purnawarman?

King Purnawarman's reign marked the golden age of Tarumanegara. His accomplishments include significant military victories, expansion of the kingdom's territory, infrastructure projects like irrigation and river improvements, and the establishment of diplomatic relations with other kingdoms. He is also known for his patronage of the arts and construction of prasasti (inscriptions).

How did King Purnawarman contribute to the welfare of his people?

King Purnawarman demonstrated significant care for his people by investing in infrastructure such as the construction and maintenance of irrigation systems, which benefited farmers and ensured the kingdom's prosperity. His contributions to the economy and the well-being of the population are highlighted in various prasasti that commemorate his deeds.

What was the relationship between Tarumanegara and China?

Tarumanegara maintained strong diplomatic and trade relations with China. These interactions are well-documented in Chinese historical records, with Tarumanegara engaging in trade of commodities such as spices, gold, and ivory. The kingdom also received cultural influences, including Buddhism and Hinduism, from China and India.

What are some of the most important prasasti (inscriptions) from the Kingdom of Tarumanegara?

Notable prasasti from the Kingdom of Tarumanegara include the Ciaruten Prasasti, which commemorates the footprints of King Purnawarman; the Tugu Prasasti, detailing the construction of irrigation canals; and the Kebon Kopi Prasasti, which lists the rivers under the kingdom's control. These prasasti provide crucial insights into the kingdom's history, geography, and cultural achievements.

What role did King Purnawarman play in the military?

King Purnawarman was a highly skilled and strategic military leader. He led successful campaigns against pirates and expanded the kingdom’s maritime influence. His leadership ensured the security of Tarumanegara's vast territory and the protection of its trade routes.

What was the religious and cultural influence of the Kingdom of Tarumanegara?

The Kingdom of Tarumanegara was heavily influenced by Hinduism, particularly the worship of Lord Vishnu, and later Buddhism. It became a cultural hub with the construction of temples, stupas, and the use of Sanskrit in inscriptions. The kingdom’s connections with India and China facilitated the spread of these religious and cultural practices.