MATERI PERDAGANGAN ANTAR NEGARA LENGKAP

Summary

This video script covers the topic of international trade, focusing on exports and imports. It explains the differences between domestic and international trade, highlighting how international trade involves multiple countries and uses foreign currencies like the dollar and euro. The script delves into the roles of exporters and importers, the benefits of international trade such as obtaining foreign currency (devisas), job creation, and technology transfer. It also discusses factors that drive and hinder international trade, including resource differences, technology gaps, and unstable currency exchange rates. The overall message encourages understanding the importance of global trade for economic growth.

Takeaways

• 😀 International trade involves the exchange of goods and services between countries, which is different from regional trade that only involves areas within a country.
• 😀 In international trade, countries use international currencies like Dollar, Euro, or Pound Sterling, while regional trade typically uses the national currency.
• 😀 Exporting refers to selling goods and services from one country to another, with exporters receiving foreign currency in return.
• 😀 Importing is the process of buying goods and services from other countries, and it requires exchanging the local currency for an international one.
• 😀 A key benefit of international trade is obtaining foreign currency (devisa), which can be used for importing goods from other countries.
• 😀 International trade creates job opportunities by expanding production for foreign markets, especially in export-oriented industries.
• 😀 Trade between countries helps stabilize domestic prices by importing goods that are in short supply locally.
• 😀 Imports allow consumers to access goods of higher quality or products that are not produced locally, thus enhancing the quality of consumption.
• 😀 International trade accelerates technology transfer by enabling countries to import advanced technology and improve domestic industries.
• 😀 Factors driving international trade include differences in natural resources, consumer preferences, technological advancements, and the need to complement one another's economies.
• 😀 Barriers to international trade include country instability, restrictive government policies, and unstable exchange rates, which can all hinder smooth trade.

Q & A

What is the difference between domestic and international trade?

The main difference is the scope. Domestic trade involves transactions within a single country, while international trade involves the exchange of goods and services between different countries. Additionally, domestic trade uses the local currency, whereas international trade involves foreign currencies like the US Dollar or Euro.

Why is it necessary to exchange local currency for foreign currency in international trade?

In international trade, goods and services are typically paid for using globally recognized currencies. For example, if Indonesia imports goods from the US, the transaction must be done in US Dollars. Thus, the local currency (like the Rupiah) must be exchanged for a foreign currency to complete the transaction.

What is export, and how does it benefit a country?

Export is the process of selling goods and services from one country to another. It benefits a country by bringing in foreign currency (such as US Dollars), which can be used for further trade or to improve the country's economy. It also promotes economic growth by opening up international markets for local products.

Can you give an example of an export business mentioned in the transcript?

PT Sidomuncul, an Indonesian company that sells herbal products like jamu to countries such as the United States and Singapore, is a good example of an export business. They receive payment in foreign currencies like US Dollars for their products.

What is import, and how does it impact the domestic economy?

Import is the process of buying goods and services from other countries. It impacts the domestic economy by providing access to products that are not locally available or are of better quality. It also involves exchanging the local currency for foreign currency to complete the transaction.

How does exporting affect the value of a country's currency?

Exporting helps increase the demand for a country’s goods and services, leading to an inflow of foreign currency. This can help stabilize the exchange rate and strengthen the national currency. In Indonesia’s case, exporting goods like herbal products can bring in US Dollars, which may help maintain the value of the Rupiah.

What are some of the benefits of international trade for a country?

International trade benefits a country in several ways, including gaining foreign currency (devisa), creating job opportunities, stabilizing domestic prices by importing goods, improving the quality of products through competition, and facilitating the transfer of technology and knowledge.

What are some factors that drive international trade between countries?

Key factors include differences in natural resources (e.g., Saudi Arabia’s oil or Thailand’s rice), consumer preferences for foreign products, cost efficiencies in production, and technological differences where advanced countries provide goods and services that developing nations cannot produce.

What are some of the barriers that can hinder international trade?

Barriers to international trade include political instability (such as conflicts or high crime rates), restrictive government policies (like high tariffs or complicated regulations), and unstable exchange rates, which make it difficult for businesses to predict prices and manage transactions.

How can government policies support export activities?

Governments can support export activities by simplifying export regulations, providing training on exporting, offering innovation and product development assistance, and providing financial support, such as low-interest loans. These actions help businesses improve their competitiveness in the global market.