Escuelas de Pensamiento Económico
Summary
TLDREl video ofrece una visión general de las diferentes escuelas de pensamiento económico que han influido en la macroeconomía a lo largo de la historia. Comienza con el mercantilismo, que enfatizaba la acumulación de oro y plata como fuente de riqueza. Luego, el fisiocracia surgió en Francia, priorizando la agricultura como motor del crecimiento económico y proponiendo el principio de laissez-faire. El liberalismo, impulsado por figuras como Adam Smith y David Ricardo, criticaba la intervención estatal y defendía la mano invisible del mercado. Sin embargo, el marxismo de Karl Marx presentaba una crítica al capitalismo y abogaba por un sistema socialista más equitativo. La escuela keynesiana, liderada por John Maynard Keynes, surgió en respuesta a la Gran Depresión y defendía la intervención estatal para regular la demanda global. Finalmente, el problema del petróleo en 1970 y la crisis de 2008 muestran la complejidad de las soluciones económicas y cómo las diferentes escuelas de pensamiento pueden influir en la toma de decisiones políticas y económicas.
Takeaways
- 💡 La importancia de entender las escuelas de pensamiento económica para los empresarios, ya que las variables macroeconómicas pueden afectar la operación y rentabilidad de una empresa.
- 🌟 La escuela mercantilista, que prevaleció desde el siglo XV hasta mediados del XVIII, creía que la riqueza de una nación dependía de la cantidad de oro y plata que poseía.
- 🌱 La escuela fisiocrática, nacida en Francia en el siglo XVIII, consideraba que la agricultura y la naturaleza eran las verdaderamente generadoras de riqueza en una economía.
- 🏭 El nacimiento del liberalismo a raíz de la Revolución Industrial, impulsado por figuras como Adam Smith y David Ricardo, que promovían la libertad económica y el mínimo intervencionismo estatal.
- 🤝 El concepto de la 'mano invisible' en el liberalismo, que se refiere al mecanismo del suministro y la demanda para regular la economía sin necesidad de intervención estatal.
- 🏭️ La crítica de Marx al capitalismo y el surgimiento del marxismo, que promueve una visión de economía más equitativa y colectivista en contraposición al liberalismo.
- 📚 La aparición del keynesianismo después de la Gran Depresión, con la propuesta de John Maynard Keynes de que el estado debería intervenir activamente para regular la demanda global y combatir el desempleo e inflación.
- 🔄 Keynes sugiere que el aumento de la demanda global, a través del consumo, la inversión, el gasto gubernamental y las exportaciones, puede resolver problemas económicos.
- 📉 La teoría keynesiana también aborda cómo disminuir la demanda global para combatir la inflación, sugiriendo intervenciones en impuestos, tasas de interés, gasto gubernamental y tipos de cambio.
- 🤔 La observación de que la inflación y el desempleo pueden coexistir, lo que cuestiona la teoría de Keynes y da lugar a la revalorización de la escuela liberal, especialmente por parte de la Escuela de Chicago y Milton Friedman.
- 🌐 La importancia de estar atentos a las tendencias económicas globales y a cómo diferentes escuelas de pensamiento pueden influir en la toma de decisiones económicas a nivel gubernamental y empresarial.
Q & A
¿Cuál fue la principal idea del mercantilismo?
-La principal idea del mercantilismo era que la riqueza de un país o nación estaba centrada en la cantidad de oro y plata que contaba, y por lo tanto, las actividades de cada país se centraban en retener ese tipo de materia prima.
¿Qué consideraban los fisiócratas como la fuente de poder en una economía?
-Los fisiócratas consideraban que la fuente de poder en una economía era la agricultura o la naturaleza, y que la acumulación de metales preciosos como el oro y la plata no generaba nuevas riquezas.
¿Quiénes son los principales exponentes del liberalismo y qué les propusieron?
-Los principales exponentes del liberalismo son Adam Smith y David Ricardo, quienes propusieron que el estado no debería intervenir en la economía y que debía haber libertad de empresa, permitiendo que las decisiones de producción fueran libres y reguladas por la ley de la oferta y la demanda.
¿Qué es la 'mano invisible' en el contexto de las teorías económicas?
-La 'mano invisible' es una metáfora utilizada por Adam Smith para describir cómo la ley de la oferta y la demanda actúa como una fuerza reguladora en la economía, sin la necesidad de intervención estatal.
¿Cómo criticó Karl Marx el capitalismo?
-Karl Marx criticó el capitalismo argumentando que el sistema de pago salarial explotaba a los trabajadores, ya que no compensaba adecuadamente su trabajo, y que esto generaba una lucha de clases entre ricos y pobres.
¿Qué evento histórico llevó a la aparición del pensamiento keynesiano?
-La Gran Depresión de 1929, que afectó gravemente a la economía mundial, llevó a la aparición del pensamiento keynesiano, que propugnaba la intervención estatal para estabilizar la economía.
¿Cuáles son las cuatro variables que conforman la fórmula de demanda global según John Maynard Keynes?
-Las cuatro variables que conforman la fórmula de demanda global según Keynes son el consumo (C), la inversión (I), los gastos gubernamentales (G) y las exportaciones netas (Exportaciones - Importaciones).
¿Qué cree Keynes que la reducción de tasas impositivas y la disminución de tasas de interés logran en la economía?
-Keynes cree que la reducción de tasas impositivas estimula el consumo y la disminución de tasas de interés fomenta la inversión, lo que a su vez mejora la demanda global y puede resolver problemas como el desempleo.
¿Cómo se resuelve el problema de la inflación según la teoría keynesiana?
-Según la teoría keynesiana, el problema de la inflación se resuelve reduciendo la demanda global, lo que se logra a través de la reducción del consumo (aumentando las tasas impositivas), disminuyendo la inversión (aumentando tasas de interés), reduciendo los gastos gubernamentales y aumentando las tasas de cambio para desestimular las exportaciones.
¿Por qué la escuela de pensamiento liberal se fortaleció de nuevo después de la crisis del petróleo en 1973?
-La escuela de pensamiento liberal se fortaleció de nuevo porque la inflación de costes causada por el aumento de los precios del petróleo no pudo ser resuelta por las teorías keynesianas, que operaban bajo la premisa de que la inflación y el desempleo no podían coexistir simultáneamente.
¿Qué evento económico global ocurrió en el año 2008 y cómo afectó a la economía mundial?
-En el año 2008 ocurrió la crisis financiera global causada por el colapso del mercado de la vivienda y los problemas de los bonos pasivos, lo que resultó en una recesión económica en muchos países desarrollados.
Outlines
💼 Mercantilismo: La primera escuela de pensamiento económico
El primer párrafo introduce el concepto de las escuelas de pensamiento económico dentro del macroeconomía. Destaca la importancia para los empresarios de entender variables macroeconómicas que afecten la operación y rentabilidad de sus empresas. Se menciona que la economía no solo se trata de aspectos microeconómicos, sino también de variables a nivel país o global que influyen en la eficiencia operativa. Se exploran diferentes escuelas de pensamiento económico a lo largo de la historia, comenzando con el mercantilismo, que se basa en la acumulación de oro y plata como medida de riqueza de una nación. Se describe cómo este pensamiento dio lugar a la colonización y a políticas estatales de intervención en la economía.
🌱 Fisiocracia: La importancia de la agricultura en la economía
El segundo párrafo habla sobre la escuela de la fisiocracia, nacida en Francia en el siglo XVIII. Los fisiócratas argumentaron que la riqueza de una nación se basaba en la actividad productiva de la naturaleza, en contraste con el simple acumular metales preciosos. Criticaron la intervención estatal y propusieron el principio 'laissez faire, laissez passer', lo que significa permitir que la naturaleza siga su curso sin interferencias. Esto dio lugar a la escuela del liberalismo, que surgió con la Revolución Industrial y promovió la libertad de empresa y la intervención estatal solo cuando es necesario.
🛠️ Liberalismo: La Revolución Industrial y el surgimiento del capitalismo
Este párrafo describe cómo la Revolución Industrial transformó los sistemas de producción y dio lugar al liberalismo. Los exponentes principales del liberalismo, Adam Smith y David Ricardo, argumentaron que el estado no debería intervenir en la economía y que la mano invisible, es decir, la ley de oferta y demanda, debería regular la economía. La escuela liberal promovió la libertad de empresa y la idea de un estado gendarme que solo interviene cuando es necesario para facilitar la operación de las empresas. Sin embargo, también se discute cómo el liberalismo generó desequilibrios, como la lucha de clases entre ricos y pobres.
🏭 Marxismo: La crítica de Marx al capitalismo y el surgimiento del socialismo
El cuarto párrafo aborda el pensamiento de Karl Marx y su crítica al capitalismo, argumentando que el sistema capitalista explotaba a los trabajadores. Marx propuso que el trabajo no era compensado adecuadamente a través del salario y que se necesitaban mecanismos alternativos para una compensación justa. Este pensamiento revolucionario llevó al surgimiento de economías socialistas y comunistas, como las revoluciones en China, Rusia y Cuba, que buscaban un sistema más equitativo donde todos ganen y tengan los mismos derechos.
📚 Keynesianismo: La intervención estatal para resolver la Gran Depresión
Este párrafo explora las teorías de John Maynard Keynes, quien propuso una nueva escuela de pensamiento económico para resolver los problemas de la Gran Depresión. Keynes argumentó que la mano invisible no pudo regular la situación y que era necesario una intervención estatal para estimular la demanda global a través de la reducción de tasas de interés, la estimulación del consumo y la inversión, y el aumento del gasto gubernamental. Keynes consideraba que el desempleo y la inflación eran los principales problemas económicos y que podían ser resueltos a través de la regulación de la demanda global.
📉 Liberalismo y Keynesianismo: La coexistencia de dos grandes escuelas de pensamiento
El sexto párrafo discute cómo el liberalismo continuó coexistiendo con el Keynesianismo a pesar de las críticas y los desafíos económicos subsiguientes, como el problema de los precios del petróleo en 1970. Se destaca la aparición de nuevas escuelas de pensamiento económica y cómo el liberalismo, impulsado por Von Hayek y Milton Friedman, ganó fuerza nuevamente argumentando que los problemas económicos deberían ser resueltos a nivel microeconómico en lugar de macroeconómico. Finalmente, se menciona la crisis económica de 2008 y cómo algunas de las teorías de Keynes pudieron ayudar a resolverla, aunque no se resolvieron completamente los problemas económicos subsiguientes.
🌐 Conclusión: La importancia de la economía global y la situación actual
El último párrafo concluye con la importancia de prestar atención a la economía global y a lo que está sucediendo en diferentes países, especialmente en China, que mostró crecimiento económico en 2008 a diferencia de otros países desarrollados. El presentador, Alex Calderón, invita a los espectadores a visitar las redes sociales y el canal de YouTube de la empresa, y proporciona un enlace a la página web de Alks Consultores.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Mercantilismo
💡Fisiocracia
💡Liberalismo
💡Revolución Industrial
💡Mano Invisible
💡Marxismo
💡Keynesianismo
💡Demanda Global
💡Inflación y Desempleo
💡Escuela de Chicago
💡Crisis del 2008
Highlights
La importancia de entender las escuelas de pensamiento económica para los empresarios, ya que afectan la operación y rentabilidad de la empresa.
La escuela mercantilista, que se centra en la acumulación de oro y plata como medida de riqueza de una nación.
El surgimiento de la escuela fisiocrática, que prioriza la agricultura y la naturaleza como fuente de poder económico.
El nacimiento del liberalismo, impulsado por Adam Smith y David Ricardo, que promueve la libertad empresarial y la intervención estatal mínima.
La crítica del liberalismo por parte de Karl Marx, quien expone la explotación del trabajo en el capitalismo.
La escuela marxista, que promueve un sistema socialista más equitativo y la compensación similar para todos.
La Gran Depresión de 1929 y la aparición de la escuela keynesiana, que propone soluciones económicas a través de la demanda global.
La fórmula de John Maynard Keynes, que abarca el consumo, la inversión, el gasto gubernamental y las exportaciones para regular la demanda global.
La propuesta keynesiana de intervención estatal para resolver el desempleo y la inflación a través de la regulación de la demanda global.
La crítica de Keynesianismo por parte de la escuela de Chicago y la resurgencia del liberalismo económico.
La teoría del manejo de la mano invisible de Milton Friedman, que defiende la solución de problemas económicos a nivel microeconómico.
La crisis económica de 2008 y la aplicación de teorías keynesianas y otras soluciones para abordar los problemas globales.
La experiencia de crecimiento económico de China en el año 2008, a pesar de la recesión global.
La importancia de la atención a la economía china y su impacto en el desarrollo global.
La discusión sobre la libertad empresarial y la intervención estatal en la economía, como punto central de las diferentes escuelas de pensamiento.
La evolución de las teorías económicas y su impacto en las políticas gubernamentales y en la vida de los empresarios.
La promoción de la comprensión de las diferentes escuelas económicas para anticipar y adaptarse a las tendencias económicas.
Transcripts
What about friends in this program of I company
Let's learn a little about schools of economic thought
Which belong to the area of macroeconomics
As entrepreneurs or entrepreneurs it is necessary that we learn and understand about
Of macroeconomic variables that may affect
The operation and profitability of our company
That is to say that we should not only pay attention to the microeconomic aspects
But we must also understand the development of certain variables
Which are decisions at the country level or at the global level
That can come and affect our operational efficiency
So we just started
When we talk about schools of economic thought
We refer to certain tendencies to certain forms of economic thinking
Or to certain philosophies that govern a certain period
For example in the fifteenth century the thinking that prevailed was:
In mercantilism based on that the riches were between the gold and the silver
Subsequently started the school of thought physiocracy
Based on the power of nature
And that gave rise later to the liberal school of thought
Based on the thoughts and proposals of Adam Smith
And David Ricardo
This type of school gave rise to certain criticisms
And with it a new school originated
Based on what its main exponent
Carlos Marx began to criticize the same liberalism
Later in the year 1929
With the great economic depression
Gave rise to a new school of thought
And in 1936
Then john maynard keynes
With the general theory of money and employment
Proposes a new ilosoia a new economic thought
To solve the problem that was lived then
Then in 1970 with the oil problem
Other schools of thought emerged
Until the year 2008
With the problem d real estate and get to our days
It is important to understand each of these schools of thought
Through this we can tend and anticipate
Trends and situations that come to affect
Our daily operation in our company
Let's start with the first school of thought
And it is about mercantilism
Let's talk about the first school of economic thought
And it is mercantilism
Is an activity or a political or economic idea
That arose during the next xv
Until the mid-eighteenth century
Whose main idea is:
That the wealth of a country or nation
Was centered on the amount of gold and silver that was counted
Therefore all those activities of each country
Was focused on retaining this type of raw material
Ie import or export
Trying to make the raw material either horo or silver
Remained within each country
And that gave rise to each of these
To search for new territories
And this gave origin to the country called metropolis
That was the one that conquered another territory
Called the colony
Will seek new sources of raw material
In this case of gold and silver
Within the policies of this school
Of economic thinking is:
That the state was considered a monopoly
That is to say the state was the one that had the power
It was considered that the social interest was above the particular interest
And that imposed certain rules
That is, the colony or the colonized country
Could not market with anyone alone across the country metropolis
That is to say that there was no economic freedom
Freedom of enterprise
In this case we can say that this school of economic thought
Is one of the first
And we could say that
In this case the intervention of the state
It was quite big
And decisions in all
Had to intervene each policy
The school of mercantilism gave rise to other types of schools
Which is what we are going to see next
After the mercantilist school of thought
A new school is born and is the physiocracy
Ie the physiocrats
Which was born in France in the mid-eighteenth century
Near the 17th century
France at the time was an eminently agricultural country
Therefore considered that the power
In an economy really should be based
In a much stronger power
That simply the accumulation of precious metals
Such as gold and silver
They considered that agriculture or nature
It was what generated power in an economy
They argued that the former school
It was simply dedicated to the transformation of raw material
That is to say that they did not generate new riches
While through agriculture they considered that
From certain elements that we could say
That from a certain quantity of seeds we could bear many fruits
Or a lot of production
Then they considered that the wealth of a nation
Is based on a productive activity
How is nature
And that they considered that the previous school of thought
It was a pretty sterile activity
They also argued that the state intervened too
In that power
They considered that so that nature could follow its course
And could be developed certain laws that had to be fulfilled
And in this case the state should be set aside
They were the creators of the phrases
Laissez faire the Laissez passer
What does it mean to let or pass on
Which was the main philosophy for nature to develop
as it should be
This gave rise to the new school of economic thought
How is liberalism
Which is born out of the industrial revolution
Let's talk about the third school of economic thought
Well well
Then d then the school of economic thought of Physiocracy
Certain conditions exist as in this case it is the industrial revolution
And that gives rise to a new school of economic thought
Which is the industrial revolution
Is a term that is composed of two words
Revolution means that there is a root change
Industry that occurs in manufacturing in the factory or in the company
The industrial revolution makes production systems much faster
Due to the appearance of a new production force
In this case there is a force of substitution of the work force
And the force appears through the steam engines
Through these machines the production increases exponentially
Before with a production by hand that is based on the strength of man
Because the production was very slow
And there was a lot of unsatisfied demand
Later with the industrial revolution with the appearance of this machine
Is produced at a fairly large level
All entrepreneurs began to invest
To take advantage of this market opportunity
And satisfy unmet demand for many years
Then this gives rise to a school of economic thought
And it's liberalism
Which is proposed by its main exponents
Adam Smith and David Ricardo
I do not know if they remember that a previous video we talked about them about the absolute and comparative advantages
Well these same characters are the main promoters of liberalism
Or the liberal school of thought
Which exposes some important points against mercantilism always
Based, for example, on the fact that the state should not intervene in the economy
Ie there must be some freedom of business
And for this the state must leave freedom
So that decisions can be made in which to produce, how much to produce, when to produce
In this case the state should only intervene to offer certain types of benefits
To make companies more productive
Ie production or construction of roads
Construction of bridges, railway
That is to say everything that makes the operation of a company much easier
And that is known as a Gendarme state
That is to say that it will intervene only when necessary
And that allows the growth and development of companies
In this school of thought it was believed that freedom
Generated certain mismatches
Because they thought that it should be allowed
An automatic force to regulate this type of misalignment
In this case was known as the force d invisible hand
They said that if there was a mismatch in the economy
The invisible hand came and solved that problem
That invisible hand is what is known as the law of supply and demand
Which allows to regulate any product, any service, any market
And that means then that the state should not intervene say in the workforce
At the same time as for example imposing minimum wages
It is not necessary for the state to come and establish a minimum wage
For the employee
But they say for example the labor is part in this case of supply
And in this case there is a demand d that labor
The price of the labor which is the wage
Must be regulated by the law of supply and demand
According to the scales or abundance that exists of that type of workmanship
In the end a price will be set
And the state should not intervene
Because all this through all those thoughts through the industrial evolution
I generated quite a large production
And that production established certain types of needs
And within that contract some type of labor
Before as the force of production was based on the strength of man
Adults were generally hired
And male gender
With the industrial revolution that gave origin to the hiring of other type of people
Simply requiring people to operate certain machines
Then more women were hired and more boys
And in order to take advantage of this great market demand satisfied, the schedules were definitely expanded
There were working hours of sixteen, eighteen and up to twenty hours a day
This generated a panorama
Where the people who invested in that machinery that generated new companies
Because its capital, its wealth increased rapidly
And while the people who work eighteen fifteen or twenty hours
Were people who remained at a poverty level
Then that gave rise to certain class struggles
The poor class and the rich class
It was then believed that liberalism gave rise to the exploitation of labor
Which the capitalists in this case the liberals said
That was not true
That is to say that there was no power struggle between rich and poor
But there was a struggle between bidders and plaintiff
Then because of it existed a new school of economic thought
In this case is proposed by the famous Carlos Marxs
Through his school of Marxism
And that is what we are going to analyze next
Then of the liberal school of thought
Another school of economic thought is born known as Marxism
Based on the theories exposed
By Karl Marx
Who was an economist, philosopher, revolutionary German journalist of Jewish origin
This character exposes his rather revolutionary ideas about the critique of capitalism
Contrary to what he said of liberalism in this case justified and defended capitalism
He said that through this system,...
Really through the payment of a salary to a person
He really did not make up his work
There should be other mechanisms or other means
To be able to compensate
Because as it was not a type of exploitation
To the worker
As we said to the man to the women and to the children
That system created a kind of economic thought revolution
And gave rise to the schools to the communist economies
That is to say gave origin to the Chinese revolution
At that time to the Russian revolution
And the Cuban revolution
Through those thoughts in which it was believed
That a socialist system should be a more equitable system
Where everyone should win through a compensation system
Similary
And everyone should have the same rights and should not exist those struggles or those class beliefs
Well Karl Marxs through this critique of capitalism
Makes a revolution to the system of economic thought
Well to liberal economic school of thought
Continued to unfold despite the critics of Marxism
Until reaching the twentieth century
Where it was a great success and is the first world war
Which originates in nineteen hundred fourteen and ends in nineteen hundred and eighteen
Near the eleventh of November of that year
Through the First World War there were certain events
And within that many countries were literally bankrupt
And therefore needed some kind of help
And they began to ask for help to certain countries with some economic stability
Being one of them United States
United states grant loans
And as is known when lending money to a person, or to a country or a person who is bankrupt
Because the possibilities of collection or delinquency are quite
And that in that way was given and in nineteen hundred and twenty nine gave rise to the great economic depression
That was trying to solve
Of the various theories of liberalism
In this case the invisible hand of the law of supply and demand
Because he could not regulate that situation
Then appeared a new character through his book the general theory of occupation interest and money
And in one thousand nine hundred and thirty-six the school of economic thought called, Keinesianismo
Based on his character John M. Keynes who is believed to be a genius in economics
He said that the book The Wealth of Nations by Adam smit...
Written in one thousand seven hundred and seventy-six spoke of specific events
Of the economy
Then through his book
The general theory of interest employment and money
He said that there must be a general theory
To promote economic solutions and economic development
The invisible hand could not solve the problem of the great depression of nineteen hundred and twenty-nine
And John M. Keynes with his book brings a new formula, a new theory
Which allows the economic system to excel
He generates a formula as you can see here
And through that way he says that the main problems of an economy is based on two elements
In the first place the unemployment and secondly the inflation
And he says that any of these two types of problems can be solved through the formula of global demand
Which means that if we come and try to regulate global demand
We will be able to solve any of these two types of problem
Through this formula can observe that global demand is integrated
By consumption which is identified with the letter "C"
Is also integrated by the letter "I" that refers to the investment that companies...
And is also identified with the letter "G" that are the expenses of the government
And finally the exports that should really be exports minus imports
And with these four elements, the consumption of families is an economic agent
The investments of the companies
Government expenses
And the external sector in this case
Regulates and establishes a global demand for a particular country
Then he said that to be able to solve a problem for example
Of unemployment
It was necessary to increase global demand
And for this purpose it was necessary to stimulate each of these elements
Both consumption investment expense, and exports
And he said that to stimulate consumption
Tax rates should be reduced
In this case direct taxes
In this case also to stimulate the investment that the companies could invest more
And to be able to improve global demand
Was to reduce interest rates so that companies could do much more loans
And in this case to be able to invest
And he also believed that to stimulate global demand, the government should spend
much more
And exports should also be stimulated
Reducing exchange rates
Through these four elements he believed that a country could increase its global demand
And solve the problem of unemployment
In the same way he said, if the problem in this case was inflation
Similarly what had to be done was to reduce global demand
And in that case had to intervene in the four elements
In consumption, reduce consumption, as consumption is reduced by increasing
The tax rates, in this case families will not be able to consume so much
How investment is reduced, raising interest rates
So that companies do not use more capital
To be able to invest more
In this case could also reduce the global demand
Reducing government spending
And finally increasing the exchange rate to desistimulate exports
Through these general theories in these four elements
He gives this solution for these two types of problems
That could not coexist
In this case it gives a general formula
Which solved the existing problemWhich solved the existing problem
From the great depression of nineteen hundred and twenty-nine
At that time that school took a lot of boom
Until the year nineteen hundred and seventy
And a new problem appears the problem of oil prices
In this case a new school of thought is born
And we will see next
We arrived at the time of the year nineteen hundred and seventy
After having solved the problem
Of the nineteen hundred and twenty-nine on the great economic depression
Based on the theories of John m: Keynes
Which is believed to have an IQ of one hundred eighty to one hundred and eighty-five
Which allowed him to analyze and solve a series of variables
To solve the problem experienced at that time
John M. Keynes is believed to have been born in the year 1883 on June 5
And died at age 62 around 1946
He believed through his theories that to solve any type of economic problem
In this case unemployment or inflation
Because the state should intervene
And this has been a great difference between these two great schools of economic thought
Liberalism that considered that the state should not intervene
That the invisible hand should regulate the problems
And Keynesianism proposed by John M. Keynes
Which said that the state should intervene
Regulating each of these variables
Both consumption, so much investment, both government spending and exports
Nevertheless he said that these two problems could never coexist
That is to say, inflation and unemployment could never happen simultaneously
But he considered a point of view of demand inflation
Which was not true
Because in the year nineteen hundred and seventy-three if the two problems occur
There is an unemployment problem and an inflation problem
Not based on demand but cost-based inflation
Due to the increase in prices
In this case of oil
Which generates a problem of costs in the fuel
And in the energies
In this case the problem could not be solved
By the general theories of John M. Keynes
Then resumes is born again takes power again the school of liberal economic thought
Proposed by the school of chicago by Von hayek
And Nobel laureate economist Milton Friedman
Through them it takes strength again
And they said that the invisible hand should act
And in this case the problem should be solved at micro economic level
Not necessarily at macro level
Because through this theory liberalism again takes strength
And coexists with all the general theories of John M. Keynes
Today we could say which of those companies are the ones that predominate
Because a few years ago in the two thousand eight there is a big problem
Due to the real estate problem
And appear the problems of the bonds suppresses or the credits suppresses
Which is a subject that we will analyze later
And in this case due to the general theory of John M, Keynes
And some other elements could be solved
In a better way
We do not say that the problem is totally solved
From two thousand eight to the time
We still have some types of sequelae
Of that type of economic problems that affected a number of countries
In the year two thousand eight many developed countries did not present an annual economic growth
Except china
So we must pay close attention to the economy to what they are doing
the Chinese
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関連動画をさらに表示
EL ORIGEN DEL CAPITALISMO
DOCTRINAS O ESCUELAS ECONÓMICAS (RESUMEN)
Teorías del crecimiento económico.
Historia de la Economia | Ideologias y Doctrinas económicas
¿Qué es la ECONOMÍA CLÁSICA y cuáles son sus características? Origen histórico y autores
Escuelas de pensamiento económico - Introducción a las Teorías económicas
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