Music of the Classical Period | Music 9 | Quarter 2 | Weeks1-2 | MELC Based
Summary
TLDRThis lesson explores classical period music, focusing on sonatas, concertos, and symphonies. It introduces the structure of these compositions and their significance in showcasing individual talent. The script highlights the role of opera, with examples of opera seria and opera buffa. It also discusses the characteristics of classical music, such as homophonic texture and the use of alberti bass. The lesson covers the period's cultural context and its influential composers: Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven, emphasizing their contributions to music history.
Takeaways
- 🎼 The classical period's music is characterized by clarity, balance, and formal beauty.
- 📚 Sonata is a multi-movement composition for solo instrument or small ensemble, derived from the word 'sonner' meaning to make a sound.
- 🎹 Sonata form typically includes exposition, development, and recapitulation sections.
- 🎻 The concerto is a multi-movement work for a solo instrument and orchestra, highlighting the soloist's virtuosity.
- 🎶 A concerto usually consists of three movements: fast, slow, and fast, often ending with a rondo.
- 🎵 Symphony comes from 'sinfonia', meaning a harmonious sounding together, and is an elaborate musical form.
- 🎭 Opera has two main styles: opera seria (serious) and opera buffa (comic), with examples like 'The Marriage of Figaro'.
- 🎶 Classical music is generally homophonic with dynamics shown through crescendos and diminuendos.
- 🏛️ The classical era spans from 1750 to 1820, known as the Age of Reason, with music reflecting orderliness and elegance.
- 🎵 Franz Joseph Haydn is known as the 'Father of the Symphony' and 'Father of the String Quartet', composing over 100 symphonies.
- 🎼 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is recognized as a musical genius, composing over 700 works including operas and symphonies.
- 🎶 Ludwig van Beethoven bridged the late classical and early romantic eras, known for his innovative and emotionally expressive music.
Q & A
What is the main objective of the lesson on classical music?
-The main objective is for participants to be able to recognize the musical elements of classical music and to show appreciation for it through listening to both vocal and instrumental music.
What does the term 'sonata' mean and what is its significance in classical music?
-The term 'sonata' comes from the word 'sonner', meaning to make a sound. It refers to a musical composition composed of multiple movements for a solo instrument or a small instrumental ensemble, and is significant for its variety of applications in classical music.
What are the three main parts of a sonata form in classical music?
-The three main parts of a sonata form are the exposition, where themes are introduced; the development, where themes are explored; and the recapitulation, which repeats the theme as it first emerged.
What is a concerto and how does it differ from a sonata?
-A concerto is a multi-movement work composed for an instrumental soloist and orchestra, emphasizing the individuality and virtuosity of the soloist. It differs from a sonata in that it includes an orchestra and is designed to showcase the soloist's skills.
What are the three typical movements found in a classical concerto?
-The three typical movements in a classical concerto are fast, slow, and fast, with the first movement usually in sonata allegro form, the second movement slow and more ornate, and the third movement fast, often resembling the finale of a symphony.
What is a symphony and what does the term originate from?
-A symphony is a large-scale orchestral work and the term originates from 'sinfonia', which means 'a harmonious sounding together'.
What are the two distinct styles of opera mentioned in the script?
-The two distinct styles of opera mentioned are 'opera seria', which is serious opera often involving mythological characters, and 'opera buffa', which is comic opera using everyday characters and situations.
What is meant by 'homophonic' harmony and texture in classical music?
-Homophonic harmony and texture in classical music refer to a style where a single melodic line is supported by chords, creating a clear melody over a harmonic background.
Who are the three great composers discussed in the script and what are their contributions?
-The three great composers discussed are Franz Joseph Haydn, known as the 'Father of the Symphony' and 'Father of the String Quartet'; Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, recognized as a musical genius and prolific composer of sonatas, concertos, symphonies, and operas; and Ludwig van Beethoven, who bridged the late classical era and the early romantic era with his compositions.
What is special about Mozart's musical abilities according to the script?
-Mozart was an exceptional musical prodigy, playing the violin and piano at the age of five, recognized as an exceptional pianist by six, and composing excellent music by seven.
What challenges did Beethoven face in his career and how did they affect his music?
-Beethoven faced the challenge of deafness, which started around the age of 30, but it did not hinder his composing; he continued to create famous compositions with the help of an assistant and hearing devices.
Outlines
🎼 Introduction to Classical Music
This paragraph introduces the classical period in music history, emphasizing the listener's expected understanding of musical elements and appreciation for classical music. It discusses the sonata form, which is a multi-movement composition for solo instruments or small ensembles. The paragraph outlines the structure of a sonata, including exposition, development, and recapitulation. Additionally, it touches on the concerto, a multi-movement work for a soloist and orchestra, highlighting the individuality and virtuosity of the solo instrument. The concerto's three movements are described: fast, slow, and fast, with the first movement in sonata allegro form, the second movement slow and ornate, and the third movement fast, often in rondo form. The paragraph also introduces the symphony, a large-scale musical work that originated from the word 'sinfonia,' meaning a harmonious sounding together.
🎭 Opera and Musical Styles in Classical Era
Paragraph 2 delves into the two main styles of opera during the classical period: opera seria, which is serious and often based on mythological characters, and opera buffa, which is comic and uses everyday characters and situations. It mentions notable composers like Mozart and their contributions to these opera forms. The paragraph also discusses the characteristics of classical music, such as homophonic harmony and texture, the use of dynamics like crescendo and diminuendo, and the practice of Alberti bass. The classical era's time frame from 1750 to 1820 is provided, along with its cultural context, including the influence of the aristocracy on music. The paragraph concludes with a brief overview of the shift towards a new style in music and the arts, reflecting changes in the economic and social order.
🎵 Great Composers of the Classical Period
This paragraph focuses on the great composers of the classical period, starting with Franz Joseph Haydn, known as the father of the symphony and the string quartet. It provides a brief biography, including his rise from humble beginnings to becoming a musical director for the Esterházy family. Haydn's musical style, characterized by calmness, balance, and humor, is highlighted, along with his significant contributions to musical forms and styles. The paragraph then moves on to Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, recognized as a musical genius from a young age. It outlines his early accomplishments in playing instruments, composing, and creating over 700 compositions, including sonatas, concertos, symphonies, and operas. The challenges Mozart faced, such as financial mismanagement and early death, are also mentioned. The paragraph concludes with a brief introduction to Ludwig van Beethoven, who bridged the late classical and early romantic eras. His musical development, despite his deafness, and some of his famous compositions are noted.
👏 Conclusion and Applause
The final paragraph is brief and consists of applause, indicating the end of the discussion or performance. It signifies the appreciation of the audience for the insights shared about classical music and its composers.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Classical Period
💡Sonata
💡Concerto
💡Symphony
💡Opera
💡Homophonic
💡Alberti Bass
💡Franz Joseph Haydn
💡Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
💡Ludwig van Beethoven
Highlights
Introduction to the music of the Classical period and its elements.
Definition of 'sonata' and its evolution from the word 'sonner'.
Explanation of the structure of a sonata, including exposition, development, and recapitulation.
Discussion on the concerto, its multi-movement form, and the role of the soloist and orchestra.
Identification of common solo instruments used in classical concertos.
Description of the three movements in a concerto: fast, slow, and fast.
Definition and origin of the term 'symphony' and its characteristics.
Differentiation between opera seria and opera buffa, with examples of each.
Explanation of the homophonic texture and dynamics in classical music.
Introduction to the concept of Alberti bass in accompaniment.
Overview of the Classical era's time frame and its cultural significance.
Description of the influence of aristocracy on the arts during the Classical period.
Characteristics of classical music: orderly, clear, balanced, and emphasizing formal beauty.
Biography and contributions of Franz Joseph Haydn, known as the 'Father of the Symphony'.
Biography and musical achievements of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, including his early prodigy status.
Biography and the impact of Ludwig van Beethoven, who bridged the Classical and Romantic eras.
Characteristics of Beethoven's music, including his use of larger orchestras and darker moods.
Transcripts
hello everyone good day
today we will discuss the music of the
classical period
at the end of this lesson you are
expected to be able to recognize the
musical elements of the given classical
music
and show appreciation of classical music
through listening
vocal and instrumental music
sonata it came from the word sonner
which means to make a sound
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sonata is a musical composition composed
of multi movement for solo instrument or
a small instrumental ensemble
the term sonair is applied to a variety
of works
for a solo instrument such as keyboard
or violin
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so
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you
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so
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of a composition in sonata form that
introduces the team
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next development the middle
part of the sonata allegro form
where themes are being developed it
explores the harmonic and
textural possibilities of the thematic
material last section
recapitulation repeats the theme
as it first emerged in the opening
exposition
let us discuss the concerto
concerto is composed of multi-movement
work and it is made for an instrumental
soloist and orchestra this classical
form of music
is intended primarily to emphasize the
individuality
of the solo instrument and to exhibit
the virtuosity and interpretative
abilities of the performer
the solo instruments in classical
concertos
include violin shallow clarinet
bassoon trumpet horn and piano
a concerto has three movements the fast
slow and fast
the three movements in concerto are
first movement past sonata allegro form
with expositions
of the orchestra and then by the soloist
second movement slow has more
ornamentation
than the first movement third movement
fast the finale usually in the form of
rondo resembling the last movement of
the symphony
and usually a short cadenza is used
what is symphony symphony
is derived from the word sinfonia which
literally means
a harmonious sounding together
it is an elaborate musical
[Applause]
[Music]
do
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and singers perform a dramatic
theatrical
setting the two distinct styles of opera
are the following
first the opera seria serious opera
this usually implies heroic or tragic
drama that employs mythological
characters
this was inherited from the baroque
period
in dominion by mazzart is an example of
opera syria
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next the opera bupa
comic opera this is from italy
comic opera made use of everyday
characters and situations
and typically employed spoken dialogues
lengthy areas and was spies with side
dogs
not a humor and social satire the
marriage of figaro
don giovanni and the magic cloth are
examples of popular opera buffa by
mozart
basically the harmony and the texture in
the classical music are homophonic in
general
the dynamics which pertain to the
loudness
and softness were clearly shown through
the extensive use of crescendo
and diminuendo there is also practice of
alberti bass this means that there is a
style of broken chord
accompaniment
classical era
is the period from 1750 to 1820
it is also known as the age of reason
during that day the cultural life was
dominated by the aristocracy
as patrons of musicians and artists
who have commonly influenced the arts
significant changes in musical forms and
styles
were made the music of this period was
generally
of an orderly nature with qualities of
clarity
and balance and emphasizing formal
beauty rather than
emotional expression
classicism in the middle of 18th century
europe began to move toward a new style
in architecture literature and the arts
this
push changes in the economics order
and in social structure the instrumental
music was patronized
primarily by the nobility
classical denotes conformity with the
principles and characteristics of
ancient greek and roman literature
and art which were formal elegant simple
freed and dignified there is also
practice of
alberti bass this means that there is a
style of broken chord accompaniment
let us discuss the great composers
during the period
first is franz joseph hayden
he was born on march 31 1732
in rauru australia and died
on may 31 1809 in vienna
his life was described as a rug story
chess story
he is from a poor family and his music
led him to rise
in his social status he was hired by
rich patrons
and eventually became a musical director
for the esther hazy family for 30
years
his personality and character reflect
in his music and this are calm
balance serious but with touches of
humor
he has a great contribution in the
establishment of the forms
and styles for the string quartet and
the symphony
haydn composed more than 100 symphonies
and improved them into long forms for a
large orchestra
hayden was named father of the symphony
and father of the string quartet
most of symphonies that he composed have
its nickname such as the
surprise symphony dakla
and the military
he also wrote chamber piano music and
coral works
next the man let us discuss the wolfgang
amadeus mozart
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he is born on january 27 1756
in salzburg the archbishop warwick
of salzburg austria died
on december 5 1791 in vienna
he is widely recognized as one of the
great composers
in the history of western music and
considered as the
most amazing genius in musical history
he was already playing the villain and
the harpy scored at the age of five
and when he was six years old he was
recognized as an exceptional pianist
again amazing genius at the early age
furthermore at the age of seven he was
already composing
excellent music
he had written sonatas concertos
symphonies religious works and operas
and operators
in the age of 13 years old
he created more than 700 compositions
due to mismanaged finances mozart
lived his life in poverty and died young
and was buried
in an unknown grave indica managed
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some of the wonderful compositions
concertos
operas and symphonies of mossart are the
marriage of figaro
don giovanni and the magic blue
yanyu popular
or male compositions
other known works in plain nash music
symphony number 40 in g major
and sanatana number 11 in amy
next month ludwig
van beethoven he was born and baptized
on december 17 1770
in bonn germany
he was died on march 26
1827 in vienna austria
beth hogan belongs to the family of
musicians
and he studied music at the early age
he is the predominant of composer who
bridged the late classical
era and the early romantic era
he is brilliant pianist and
composer beth hogan started
going deep when he was around 30 years
old
although he could no longer hear well
enough
to play the piano this did not became
an hindrance and he continued composing
with the help
of an assistant and hearing gadget
going
but not in natural way some of the
compositions
he made when he was deaf became famous
he has famous compositions that include
32 piano sonatas
21 set of variations 9 symphonies
5 concertos for piano
string quartets and choral music
the misa solomnis and opera fidelio
are included to their works his known
symphonies are symphony
heroica pastoral
coral which add voices to the orchestra
characteristics of beth hogan works
his music veered toward larger
orchestras
shalos gave his music a darker mood
and sound was centered on the violas and
lower registers
of the villains
all teams
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you
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