Public Policy Making in the Philippines
Summary
TLDRThis video script discusses public policy making in the Philippines, defining policy as a framework guiding decisions in politics, economics, and business. It outlines the public policy system, detailing the process involving problem identification, influential players, and policy formulation. The script explains three types of public policies: regulatory, distributive, and redistributive. It also describes the stages of policy process, including agenda setting, policy formation, decision-making, implementation, and evaluation, emphasizing the complexity and multifaceted nature of public policy.
Takeaways
- 📝 Policy is defined as a decision-making framework or course of action to achieve a desired effect or change.
- 🌐 Public policy system refers to courses of action, regulatory measures, laws, and funding priorities concerning a given topic, promulgated by a governmental entity.
- 🔍 Public policy making is a complex process involving many participants, aiming to address issues such as pollution, inflation, crime, and poverty.
- 🎯 The three parts to public policy making are problem identification, influential players, and the finalized policy itself.
- 🏛️ Regulatory policy limits actions to protect the public, distributive policy provides benefits using tax revenues, and redistributive policy reallocates resources among social groups.
- 📈 The policy process includes five stages: agenda setting, policy formation, decision making, policy implementation, and policy evaluation.
- 📋 Agenda setting involves identifying issues or problems and narrowing down to a decision agenda for policy makers to act upon.
- 🛠️ Policy implementation is where governments put the chosen public policy into effect, impacting the distribution of government goods and services.
- 🔄 Policy evaluation monitors the impact of the policy to determine if it's achieving the intended goal, which can lead to further policy changes.
- 🏢 Public policy is a combination of laws, regulations, actions, and other factors concerning a given topic, shaped by education, advocacy, and special interest groups.
- 👥 Policy makers include legislative branches such as the Senate and the House of Representatives, who are authorized to make laws.
Q & A
What is the definition of policy according to the script?
-Policy is defined as a decision-making framework or course of action to achieve a desired effect or change. It is also a set of ideas or plans used as a basis for making decisions, especially in politics, economics, or business.
How is public policy defined in the context of the script?
-Public policy is defined as courses of action, regulatory measures, laws, and funding priorities concerning a given topic, promulgated by a governmental entity or its representatives.
What are the three parts to public policy making as outlined in the script?
-The three parts to public policy making are problem, player, and policy. Problem refers to the issues needing to be addressed, player involves individuals or groups influential in forming a plan to address the problem, and policy is the finalized course of action decided upon by the government.
What are the three types of public policies mentioned in the script?
-The three types of public policies mentioned are regulatory policy, distributive policy, and redistributive policy. Regulatory policy limits actions to protect the public, distributive policy provides benefits using tax revenues, and redistributive policy reallocates resources among social groups.
Can you describe the stages of the policy process as discussed in the script?
-The stages of the policy process are agenda setting, policy formation, decision making, policy implementation, and policy evaluation. These stages involve identifying issues, developing policy options, deciding on a course of action, putting the policy into effect, and monitoring its impact.
What is agenda setting in the context of public policy making?
-Agenda setting is the first stage of the policy process where a problem or challenge impacting the public is identified, and solutions are proposed by interested parties.
How does policy implementation reflect the sentiments and values of the affected parties?
-Policy implementation should impact the distribution of government goods and services or changes in how the government taxes the public in a way that reflects the sentiments and values of the affected parties.
What is the nature of public policy as described in the script?
-Public policy is described as goal-oriented, the outcome of government's collective actions, and what the government actually decides or chooses to do. It is positive in that it depicts the government's concern and involves its actions to address a particular problem.
What is the scope of public policy according to the script?
-The scope of public policy covers broad areas such as government laws, regulations, court decisions, and local ordinances, affecting all aspects of our lives.
Who are the policy makers as per the script?
-The policy makers are the legislative branch, authorized to make laws, alter, and repeal them through the power vested in the Philippine Congress, which is divided into the Senate and the House of Representatives.
What is the difference between a law and public policy as discussed in the script?
-The main difference is that a law is a final decision or document made by the government after discussing policy for the welfare of society, while policy is an outline of governmental plans that can lead to new laws.
Outlines
📜 Introduction to Public Policy Making
This paragraph introduces the concept of public policy making in the Philippines. It starts by defining policy as a decision-making framework or course of action aimed at achieving desired effects or changes. Policies are implemented as procedures or protocols and are adopted by governance bodies within organizations. The paragraph then explains the public policy system, which includes courses of action, regulatory measures, and funding priorities concerning a specific topic, promulgated by governmental entities or their representatives. The discussion continues with the three parts of public policy making: problem identification, influential players, and the finalized policy itself. The types of public policies—regulatory, distributive, and redistributive—are also outlined, each with examples to illustrate their functions.
📈 Stages of the Policy Process
The second paragraph delves into the stages of the policy process, which are agenda setting, policy formation, decision making, policy implementation, and policy evaluation. Agenda setting involves identifying issues or problems and solutions proposed by interested parties. It goes through systematic, institutional, discretionary, and decision agendas. Policy formation is about developing policy options within the government, with interested parties attempting to have their preferred solutions considered. Decision making is where government leaders choose a course of action to address the problem. Policy implementation is the execution of the chosen policy, impacting the distribution of government goods and services. Lastly, policy evaluation involves monitoring the policy's impact and determining if it meets its intended goals, which can lead to further policy adjustments.
🏛️ Policy Makers and the Nature of Public Policy
The final paragraph discusses who the policy makers are, highlighting the legislative branch's role in making laws through the Philippine Congress, which is divided into the Senate and the House of Representatives. It differentiates between a law and public policy, explaining that while policies are documents outlining governmental plans, laws are final decisions or documents made by the government to serve societal welfare. The paragraph also describes the nature of public policy as goal-oriented, a result of collective government actions, and shaped over time by education, advocacy groups, and special interest groups. The scope of public policy is broad, encompassing government laws, regulations, court decisions, and local ordinances, affecting all aspects of life.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Policy
💡Public Policy
💡Problem
💡Player
💡Regulatory Policy
💡Distributive Policy
💡Redistribution Policy
💡Policy Process
💡Agenda Setting
💡Policy Makers
💡Law
Highlights
Definition of policy as a decision-making framework or course of action.
Policy as a set of ideas or plans used as a basis for making decisions in various fields.
Public policy system refers to courses of action and funding priorities concerning a given topic.
Public policy is what government does about a problem that comes before them for consideration and public action.
The three parts to public policy making: problem, player, and policy.
Problems are situations that reduce human need, deprivation, or dissatisfaction.
Players are influential individuals or groups involved in forming a plan to address the problem.
Policy is the finalized course of action decided upon by the government.
Types of public policies: regulatory, distributive, and redistributive.
Regulatory policy is designed to limit actions to protect the general public.
Distributive policy uses tax revenues to provide benefits to individuals or groups.
Redistributive policy involves the reallocation of resources among social groups.
Stages of policy process: agenda setting, policy formation, decision making, implementation, and evaluation.
Agenda setting involves identifying issues or problems that impact the public.
Policy formation is the development of policy options within the government.
Decision making is when government leaders decide on a particular course of action.
Policy implementation is putting the chosen public policy option into effect.
Policy evaluation is monitoring the impact of the policy and determining if it achieves the intended goal.
Public policy is a combination of laws, regulations, actions, and other factors concerning a given topic.
Public policies are goal-oriented and depict the government's concern and actions.
Scope of public policy covers government laws, regulations, court decisions, and local ordinances.
Policy makers include legislative branches such as the Senate and the House of Representatives.
Difference between a law and public policy: laws are final decisions made by the government, policies are outlines of plans.
Transcripts
[Music]
foreign
[Music]
and welcome back to sock003 Philippine
politics and governance
today in our sock003 we will be having
our discussion for module 20 and module
21. it's all about public policy making
in the Philippines
let's start by defining what is policy
policy is a decision-making framework or
course of action to achieve a desired
effect or change it is also a set of
ideas or plans that is used as a basis
for making decisions especially in
politics economics or business
policy is a deliberate system of
guidelines to guide decisions and
Achieve rational outcomes a policy is a
statement of intent and is implemented
as a procedure or protocol
policies are generally adopted by a
governance body within an organization
now let's go to public policy system
it refers to the courses of action
regulatory measures loss and funding
priorities concerning a given topic
promulgated by a governmental entity or
its Representatives
broadly we might say that a public
policy is simply what government that
includes any public official who
influences or determines public policy
including school officials City Council
Members or County Representatives or
supervisors and others thus or does not
do about a problem that comes before
them for consideration and public action
now let's have the three parts to public
policy making
public policy making is a complex
process that involves many participants
with different roles interests and
resources the study of public policy is
the study of who gets what why and what
difference it makes
first we have problem it refers to the
issue or issues that need to be
addressed
a problem is a situation that reduces a
human need deprivation or
dissatisfaction for which relief is
sought such as pollution inflation crime
poverty and others
however only those needs and wants that
are articulated by people demanding
action become problems eligible for
Public Policy Solutions
next we have player it involves
individual or group that is influential
in forming a plan to address the problem
in question
it involves individuals at some level of
government or decision-making
institution including but not limited to
International organizations
non-governmental agencies or
professional associations who have
responsibility for making
recommendations to others
and last we have policy policy is the
finalized course of action decided upon
by the government when open to
interpretation by NGO player and private
sector including church and cultural
institutions
it is a specific decision or set of
decisions designed to carry out such a
course of action
we have three types of public policies
namely regulatory policy distributive
policy and redistributive policy
first let's go to regulatory policy it
is designed to limit the actions of
persons or groups so as to protect the
general public or a substantial portion
of public
it is a policy that imposes limits on
the behavior of some identifiable groups
or individuals it carries punitive
sanctions for example
regulation of criminal activity business
activity access to public goods gun
control consumer protection and others
next is distributive policy
it is the most common form of government
policy it uses tax revenues to provide
benefits to individuals or groups by
means of Grants or subsidies
it is a policy that benefits some people
but at not discernible cost to others it
allocates government benefits to
individuals and groups it uses public
funds little direct competition or
Challenge from other groups for example
agricultural subsidies government
sponsored research and other River
improvements projects
lastly we have redistributive policy
it take taxes from certain groups and
give them to another group
it is a policy that makes a deliberate
reallocation of resources among
identifiable social groups they are
clearly identifiable winners and losers
power is really divided between Haves
and Have Nots
for example welfare housing subsidies
progressive income tax Social Security
and others
now let's talk about the stages of
policy process
there are five stages with regards to
policy process the first one is agenda
setting or identification of issues or
problems
in this first stage a problem or
challenge that impacts the public is
initially identified
Solutions are put forward by interested
parties both inside and outside of the
government
agenda setting typically goes through
these stages first a systematic agenda
it involves all issues public officials
feel are worth addressing
next is institutional agenda
these are distilled from the systematic
agenda list these issues are chosen as
the ones policy makers should analyze
and consider acting on
third is discretionary agenda
this list comes directly from lawmakers
not from the systematic and
institutional agendas and last is
decision agenda
the final list of issues that policy
makers will consider for action
foreign
policy formation
this step involves the development of
policy options within the government
this occurs after officials narrow the
range of possible policy choices by
excluding invisible options
in this step different interested
parties attempt to have their favorite
policy solution rank high among the
remaining options this step often
involves a period of intense debate
yeah
next is decision making
in this step government leaders decide
on a particular course of action ideally
it is the course that will best address
the problem for the most members of the
public
next is policy implementation
in this step of policy making process
governments put the chosen public policy
option into effect
officials used the tools of public
administration that impact the
distribution of government goods and
services or made changes and how the
government taxes the public
the change should reflect the sentiments
and values of the affected parties
lastly we have policy evaluation
interested parties both within and
without the government monitor the
impact of the policy and determine if it
is achieving the intended goal this can
lead to further changes in public policy
done in light of the impact of the
original policy
in reality the policy making process is
not typically so linear however these
five steps provide a framework to better
understand public policy formation and
help students identify the strengths and
weaknesses of the system
now let us know the nature of public
policy
public policy is said to be a
combination of laws regulations actions
policies and a lot of other factors
concerning a given topic the following
points will make the nature of public
policy more clear in your minds public
policies are goal oriented
public policy is the outcome of the
government's Collective actions
public policy is what the government
actually decides or chooses to do
public policy is positive in the sense
that it depicts the concern of the
government and involves its actions to a
particular problem on which the policy
is made
such public policies of a Nation are
shaped over time by education advocacy
groups and conflicting interests of
special interest groups
now what is the scope of public policy
it covers the broad area of government
laws regulations Court decisions and
local ordinances
today government affects all aspects of
Our Lives everyone has a stake in the
public policies enacted by federal state
and local governments
now who are the policy makers
the legislative branch is authorized to
make laws alter and repeal them through
the power vested in the Philippine
Congress this institution is divided
into the Senate and the House of
Representatives
now let us know what is the difference
between a law and public policy
policy also means what a government does
not intend to do it also involves the
principles that are needed for achieving
the goal
policies are only documents and not law
but these policies can lead to new laws
while a law or loss are set standards
principles and procedures that must be
followed in society
the main difference between law and
policy is that law is a final decision
or a document made by the government
after discussing the policy for the
welfare of society
the policy is an outline of governmental
plans
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