BAGAIMANA NEGARA SINGAPURA BISA BEBAS DARI MASALAH SAMPAH?
Summary
TLDRSingapore, a small nation with limited land, has developed innovative waste management strategies. Despite a pandemic-induced increase in household waste, the country efficiently processes trash within a day. By incinerating waste at high temperatures, Singapore converts it into energy, powering 3% of its electricity needs. The country also ensures minimal pollution by filtering emissions and responsibly disposing of ash. Singapore's success serves as an example for other nations, including Indonesia, to adopt green waste management practices.
Takeaways
- 🌏 Singapore is a small country that has been successful in managing waste through innovation and progress.
- 🚮 Unlike Indonesia, Singapore does not accumulate mountains of waste but appreciates every meter of land, leading to a unique waste management strategy.
- 🔥 Singapore processes waste within a day and has a facility on Pulau Semakau Island to incinerate waste, which reduces the amount of waste that ends up in landfills.
- 🏗️ By 2005, 56% of Singaporean households had implemented recycling programs, and waste collection was intensified in schools, offices, malls, and industries.
- 🔋 Singapore has 4 waste-to-energy power plants, providing 3% of the country's electricity needs, with recycling rates maintained at 60%.
- 🔄 Only 2% of Singapore's waste ends up in landfills, with 38% being a source of electricity and 60% being recycled.
- 🏭 All waste in Singapore is incinerated in a single building, with the process taking place at temperatures of 1000 degrees Celsius and operating continuously.
- 🌿 The incineration process is environmentally friendly, with emissions being filtered through advanced methods before being released as clean air.
- 🗑️ The ash produced from incineration is collected and stored in a man-made island with a dam filled with water to prevent pollution from entering the ocean.
- 🌱 Singapore's approach to waste management can be a positive example for other countries to take more seriously and adopt greener waste management practices.
Q & A
What is the current issue with waste management that the world is facing?
-The world is currently facing a waste crisis, with waste often being accumulated in large quantities, leading to pollution and environmental concerns.
How does Singapore approach waste management differently from other countries?
-Singapore has a unique approach to waste management, valuing every meter of land and not relying on traditional landfill methods due to land scarcity. Instead, they focus on innovative solutions.
What was the situation of waste management in Singapore around the year 2000?
-In 2000, Singapore faced a significant waste management challenge, with over 7600 tons of waste generated daily, causing a shortage of land to accommodate the waste.
How does Singapore convert waste into energy?
-Singapore initiated a program to enhance recycling rates in 2001 and uses incineration facilities to convert waste into energy, reducing the amount of waste that goes to landfills and generating electricity.
What percentage of Singapore's electricity comes from waste-to-energy facilities?
-Around 3% of Singapore's electricity is generated from waste-to-energy facilities.
How does Singapore ensure that the incineration process does not harm the environment?
-Singapore's incineration facilities are equipped with advanced filtering systems that clean the emissions before releasing them into the atmosphere, ensuring that the released air is clean and safe.
What is done with the ash produced from the incineration of plastic waste in Singapore?
-The ash produced from incineration is collected and deposited into a man-made island with a dam filled with water, ensuring that it does not pollute the marine environment.
What is the current recycling rate in Singapore?
-As of the 2020s, the recycling rate in Singapore has been raised to 60%, with only 20% of waste ending up in landfills.
How does Sweden approach waste management, and what is its recycling rate?
-Sweden has a highly efficient waste management system, with over 99% of waste being recycled. They have recycling centers within 300 km of residential areas and encourage citizens to sort their waste for recycling.
What is the role of the Swedish Waste Management and Recycling Association (Föreningen Avfall Sverige) in waste management?
-The Swedish Waste Management and Recycling Association (Föreningen Avfall Sverige) plays a significant role in promoting recycling and waste management, advocating for the use of recycled materials to reduce energy consumption.
What is the current situation of waste management in Indonesia, and what can be learned from Singapore's approach?
-Indonesia currently faces a significant challenge with waste management, and it can learn from Singapore's focus on reducing and reusing waste, with disposal being the last resort. Singapore's emphasis on recycling and waste-to-energy initiatives could serve as a model for Indonesia to follow.
Outlines
🗑️ Singapore's Innovative Waste Management
Singapore is renowned for its innovative approach to waste management, in contrast to many countries that struggle with mounting waste issues. Despite its small size, the country has implemented a highly efficient system for waste disposal. Instead of accumulating waste in landfills, Singapore processes waste within a day. During the pandemic, despite a reduction in outdoor pollution due to lockdowns, household waste production increased due to the rise in online shopping and food delivery services. Singapore once faced waste management challenges in 2000, producing over 7600 tons of waste daily, which threatened to overwhelm its limited land capacity. By 2022, approximately 930 kg of plastic waste was discarded annually, with 96% being non-recyclable. The country has turned to waste-to-energy solutions, starting in 2001 with government initiatives to enhance recycling rates and establish waste disposal facilities on Pulau Semakau. These efforts have been supported by community recycling programs and educational campaigns in schools and offices. By 2005, 56% of Singaporean households had adopted recycling programs. Singapore also uses incineration facilities, which have reduced waste volume and generated electricity, with 4 waste-to-energy plants supplying 3% of the country's electricity needs. The recycling rate has been maintained at 60% since the 2000s, with only 2% of waste ending up in landfills, while 38% is used as a source of electricity and 60% is recycled. Waste is collected by sanitation workers and transported to a special area where it is processed in buildings equipped with smokestacks, resembling factories. The waste is incinerated at temperatures of 1000 degrees Celsius for up to 7 days a week, continuously converting waste into heat and energy that powers part of Singapore's electricity grid.
🌿 Singapore's Advanced Pollution Controls in Waste Incineration
While waste incineration is a critical process in Singapore's waste management, it is not without environmental considerations. The incineration process generates smoke and emissions that could potentially harm human health and the environment. However, Singapore has put stringent measures in place to manage these by-products. The smokestacks at the waste processing facilities are not simple chimneys; they are equipped with advanced filtration systems that clean the emissions before they are released into the atmosphere. This ensures that the air quality remains safe for the public. Additionally, the ash produced from incinerating plastic waste is not left to pollute the environment. Instead, it is collected and transported to a man-made island where it is stored in a dam filled with special water to prevent the ash from contaminating the surrounding marine environment. Singapore's commitment to serious waste management has turned waste into a valuable resource rather than an intractable problem. Yujin Tei, the executive director of a Singapore-based institute, suggests that large Asian cities can learn a lot from Singapore's waste management practices, emphasizing that reducing and reusing waste should be prioritized over disposal. Another example of effective waste management is Sweden, where over 99% of waste is recycled. Centralized recycling facilities are mandatory within a 300 km radius of residential areas, and households are encouraged to sort their waste, including food waste, for recycling. Half of Sweden's waste is processed to generate energy. According to Wenny Wigfish, CEO of the Swedish Waste Management and Recycling Association (Föreningen Avfall Sverige), reusing materials requires less energy than producing new items from scratch. This has led Sweden to import waste from countries like the UK and Norway, aiming to import 1.5 million tons annually by 2024. The narrative encourages viewers to consider how long it might take for Indonesia to implement similar programs to reduce its waste accumulation.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Waste Management
💡Incineration
💡Recycling
💡Landfill
💡Plastic Waste
💡Energy from Waste
💡Pollution Control
💡Sustainability
💡Environmental Impact
💡Waste-to-Energy
💡Zero Waste
Highlights
Singapore is known for its innovative waste management strategies.
The country has limited land for waste disposal, leading to unique solutions.
Waste management in Singapore is efficient, often processed within a day.
During the pandemic, household waste increased due to increased online shopping and food delivery services.
In 2000, Singapore faced a waste crisis with over 7600 tons of waste produced daily.
By 2022, about 930 kg of plastic waste was discarded annually, with 96% not recyclable.
Plastic materials take a long time to decompose, from 10-20 years for bags to 450 years for bottles.
Singapore turned waste into energy, starting a waste-to-energy program in 2001.
The government promotes recycling and waste segregation in residential areas.
By the end of 2005, 56% of Singaporean households had implemented recycling programs.
Incineration facilities on Pulau Semakau Island help reduce the amount of waste going to landfills.
Singapore has 4 waste-to-energy plants, supplying 3% of the country's electricity needs.
Recycling rates are maintained at 60%, with only 2% of waste ending up in landfills.
38% of waste is used as a source of electricity, and 60% is recycled.
Waste is collected and transported to a special area for processing.
Waste incineration is done at temperatures of 1000 degrees Celsius, operating continuously.
The incineration process turns waste into heat and energy, contributing to Singapore's electricity supply.
Emissions from incineration are filtered through advanced methods before release.
Ash from incineration is collected on a man-made island, preventing environmental pollution.
Singapore's approach to waste management is a positive example for other countries.
Switzerland is another country known for its effective waste management, with over 99% of waste recycled.
Swedish households are required to sort their waste for recycling, including food waste.
Half of Sweden's waste is processed to produce energy.
Sweden imports waste from other countries like the UK and Norway due to its recycling efficiency.
Swedish experts suggest that reusing materials requires less energy than producing new ones from scratch.
Transcripts
[Musik]
persoalan dan krisis sampah sedang
dialami dunia akan tetapi hal semacam
ini tidak berlaku di negara Singapura
negara kecil ini memang selalu memukau
dunia berkat Inovasi dan
kemajuan-kemajuannya termasuk cara dalam
menyikapi sampah ya dalam hal pembuangan
sampah pun negara ini punya strategi
khusus tidak seperti di Indonesia yang
mengumpulkan sampah menjadi gunung
Singapura mengapresiasi setiap meter
tanah yang mereka punya sehingga negara
ini tidak punya lahan lagi untuk
menampung sampah dengan metode khusus
ini proses pengolahan sampahnya pun
bahkan dilakukan dalam satu hari nah
bagaimana Singapura melakukannya Mari
kita lihat
[Musik]
meski terjadi penurunan polusi selama
pandemi pengurangan aktivitas di luar
rumah justru mendorong produksi sampah
rumah tangga semakin berlimpah hal ini
diperkirakan lantaran maraknya
penggunaan layanan pesan antar dan
kebiasaan belanja rumah tangga secara
daring yang berkontribusi terhadap
sampah plastik seperti di Jakarta
Singapura pernah menghadapi kendala
pengelolaan sampah pada tahun 2000
misalnya ada lebih dari 7600 Ton sampah
di Singapura setiap harinya ini
mengakibatkan tanah di Singapura tidak
cukup untuk menampungnya sementara pada
Tahun 2022 dari data yang ada sekitar
930 kg sampah plastik dibuang setiap
tahunnya dengan
96% diantaranya tidak dapat didaur ulang
seperti kita ketahui bahan-bahan seperti
kantong plastik
membutuhkan waktu sedikitnya
10-20 tahun sedangkan botol plastik
lebih lama lagi yakni 450 tahun untuk
terurai nah selama bertahun-tahun negara
ini terus-menerus memikirkan Bagaimana
cara ikan mas sampah hasilnya adalah
Singapura mengubahnya menjadi energi
[Musik]
bermula pada tahun 2001 pemerintah
memulai program peningkatan level daur
ulang pemerintah juga membuat tempat
pembuangan sampah di Pulau semakau
dengan dibarengi menggalakkan kegiatan
pemilihan sampah dan daur ulang di
pemukiman warga sistem pengumpulan
sampah pun di giatkan di sekolah
perkantoran Mal pun industri pada akhir
tahun 2005 56% rumah tangga Singapura
telah mewujudkan program daur ulang
Singapura pun memanfaatkan fasilitas
insinerasi atau pembakaran sampah berkat
insinerasi ini jumlah sampah yang
dibuang jadi lebih sedikit dan
menghasilkan listrik Singapura kabarnya
punya 4 pembangkit energi dari sampah
dari situ 3% energi listrik negara
terpenuhi level daur ulang pun tetap
terjaga diangkat 60%
sejak tahun 20an Hanya dua persen sampah
Singapura yang berakhir di tempat
pembuangan Adapun 38% sebagai sumber
listrik Dan 60% Sampah daur ulang
lebih jauh
sampah-sampah ini dikumpulkan oleh
petugas kebersihan dan diangkut di
sebuah kawasan khusus kawasan tersebut
berbentuk bangunan dengan cerobong asap
yang layaknya pabrik bangunan inilah
yang menjadi tempat pengolahan sampah Ya
semua sampah di Singapura akan dibakar
dalam satu bangunan proses pembakarannya
pun dilakukan dengan suhu 1000 derajat
Celcius pembakaran akan dilakukan selama
7 hari dalam sepekan atau bisa dikatakan
terus dilakukan dan beroperasi tanpa
henti pembakaran sampah inilah yang lalu
berubah menjadi panas dan energi
terbarukan yang menghidupkan sebagian
listrik Singapura sampah yang tidak
pernah habis berganti menjadi pasokan
daya bagi negara ini
well kita mungkin akan bertanya-tanya
perihal prosesnya pasalnya hasil uap
pembakaran sampah juga menjadi salah
satu polusi berbahaya bagi kesehatan
manusia dan lingkungan akan tetapi
faktanya pengelolaan sampah tidak
berhenti sampai di pembakaran saja Ya
seperti yang telah dijelaskan sebelumnya
bangunan ini memiliki cerobong asap
namun cerobong asap tersebut bukanlah
sembarang cerobong asap-asap yang
dihasilkan oleh aktivitas pembakaran
tidak langsung keluar dari cerobong ini
semua asap yang dihasilkan akan disaring
kembali dengan beberapa metode tingkat
lanjut setelah beres barulah asap-asap
ini akan dikeluarkan sebagai udara
bersih yang bisa dihirup oleh masyarakat
sekitar Lalu bagaimana dengan sisa
pembakarannya
setelah sampah plastik dibakar pasti
menghasilkan Abu yang juga berperan
sebagai polusi tapi Singapura
benar-benar menganggap serius pengolahan
sampah di negerinya ini bagaimana tidak
Abu dari sampah plastik dikumpulkan ke
sebuah pulau buatan di Pulau ini sudah
terdapat bendungan yang diisi dengan air
khusus Abu tersebut kemudian akan
dimasukkan ke dalam bendungan dan tidak
pernah muncul kembali Bendungan ini
berada jauh dari lingkungan pantai
sehingga tidak akan benar-benar
mencemari lautan Nah dengan teknologi
dan penerapan yang benar sampah nyatanya
bisa menjadi hal yang sangat
menguntungkan alih-alih menyebutnya
sebagai masalah yang sulit terselesaikan
pada gilirannya Singapura memberi contoh
positif bagi negara lain untuk bisa
lebih serius menyikapi dan mengambil
tindakan yang hijau akan sampah menurut
Yujin Tei direktur eksekutif lembaga
yang berpusat di Singapura sebagaimana
dikutip laman Media Indonesia kotak-kota
besar di Asia bisa belajar banyak untuk
urusan sampah dari Singapura seperti
yang dikatakan Ijen mereka pernah lebih
fokus pada upaya mengurangi dan
menggunakan lagi sampah membuang adalah
opsi terakhir
[Musik]
selain Singapura negara yang sebelumnya
telah terkenal lantaran pengelolaan
sampahnya adalah Swedia bahkan Kini
lebih dari
99% sampah di negara ini didaur ulang
dengan berbagai cara pusat-pusat daur
ulang wajib berada dalam jarak 300 km
dari area pemukiman mayoritas rumah
tangga di negara ini pun memilah sampah
yang bisa didaur ulang termasuk sampah
makanan mereka lantas menyerahkan
sampah-sampah yang sudah dipilah ke
kontainer yang tersedia dimana separuh
sampah Swedia diolah untuk dijadikan
energi
Wenny wigfish CEO asosiasi pengelolaan
dan daur ulang sampah Swedia atau F4
berpandangan menggunakan ulang material
akan lebih sedikit energi yang
dibutuhkan untuk memproduksi barang
ketimbang membakar material dan
memproduksi barang baru dari nol yang
lebih menarik lagi negara ini sampai
harus mengimpor sampah dari Inggris dan
Norwegia pada tahun 2014 misalnya impor
sampah Swedia mencapai 800.000 ton
menurut perkiraan of Falls Swedia
menargetkan bakal memilih sampah
sebanyak 1,5 juta ton setiap tahunnya
Menurut kalian kalau bisa kira-kira
kapan Indonesia bisa menerapkan program
serupa demi mengurangi timbunan sampah
di negeri ini jawab di kolom komentar
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