Geobrasil - Orientação e Localização (PARTE 2)

Geobrasil

4 Jul 201705:35

Summary

TLDRThe video explains the concepts of solstices and equinoxes, focusing on how they affect day and night duration across different seasons in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Solstices occur when the day and night durations differ, with long days during the summer solstice and shorter days in the winter solstice. Equinoxes, on the other hand, refer to periods when day and night are roughly equal, occurring during spring and autumn. The speaker highlights the inverse relationship between seasons in the two hemispheres and uses examples to illustrate these astronomical events.

Takeaways

🌞 The solstice marks the time of the year when the duration of the day and night is different, depending on the season.
🌴 The summer solstice has longer daylight hours and shorter nights, while the winter solstice has shorter days and longer nights.
🌍 When it's summer in one hemisphere, it's winter in the opposite hemisphere, and vice versa.
🌸 The equinox is the time of year when day and night have nearly equal lengths, approximately 12 hours each.
🌻 Equinoxes are associated with the transition between spring and autumn.
📅 In the Northern Hemisphere, the summer solstice occurs around June, July, and August, while the winter solstice occurs from December to February.
🧭 The Northern Hemisphere is also referred to as the Boreal or Setentrional, and the Southern Hemisphere as the Austral or Meridional.
❄️ During the same time frame (June to August), while the Northern Hemisphere experiences summer, the Southern Hemisphere experiences winter.
🌿 The spring equinox in the Northern Hemisphere corresponds to autumn in the Southern Hemisphere and vice versa.
🌼 When it's autumn in the Northern Hemisphere, it is spring in the Southern Hemisphere, signifying a seasonal contrast.

Q & A

What is a solstice?
-A solstice is a moment in the year when the day has a different duration than the night. It is associated with two seasons: summer and winter.
How do the durations of day and night differ during the summer solstice?
-During the summer solstice, the day is longer, meaning there is more daylight, and the night is shorter.
What happens to the duration of day and night during the winter solstice?
-During the winter solstice, the day is shorter, and the night is longer.
Why do solstices occur in opposite seasons in the northern and southern hemispheres?
-Solstices occur in opposite seasons due to the Earth's tilt, which causes one hemisphere to receive more sunlight while the other receives less. When it's summer in the northern hemisphere, it's winter in the southern hemisphere, and vice versa.
What is an equinox?
-An equinox is a moment in the year when day and night have nearly the same duration. The term 'equinox' comes from the idea of 'equivalent,' meaning the length of day and night are almost equal.
Which seasons are associated with the equinoxes?
-The equinoxes are associated with the spring (vernal) and autumnal seasons. During both equinoxes, day and night have similar durations.
How long is the day and night during the spring and autumn equinoxes?
-During both the spring and autumn equinoxes, the day and night each last approximately 12 hours.
What alternative names are given to the northern and southern hemispheres?
-The northern hemisphere can also be referred to as the 'setentrional' or 'boreal' hemisphere, while the southern hemisphere can be called the 'meridional' or 'austral' hemisphere.
When does summer occur in the northern hemisphere?
-Summer in the northern hemisphere occurs from June to August.
When is winter in the southern hemisphere, and how does it align with the northern hemisphere's summer?
-Winter in the southern hemisphere occurs from June to August, which is the same period as summer in the northern hemisphere.

Outlines

00:00

🌞 Solstices and Equinoxes Explained

This paragraph explains the concepts of solstices and equinoxes, detailing how they relate to the changing lengths of day and night throughout the year. It starts by defining solstices as moments when the day has a different duration than the night, associating them with summer and winter. During the summer solstice, the day is long and the night short, while the winter solstice sees shorter days and longer nights. The discussion moves to equinoxes, emphasizing their characteristic of equal day and night durations, which occur during spring and autumn. The paragraph also illustrates the different seasons in the northern and southern hemispheres, highlighting how when one hemisphere experiences summer, the other undergoes winter due to the Earth's tilt and solar radiation distribution.

05:01

🍁 Seasonal Distribution and Hemispheric Differences

This paragraph elaborates on the differences in seasonal distribution between the northern and southern hemispheres. It highlights how seasons are opposite in each hemisphere; for instance, when it's autumn in the northern hemisphere, it's spring in the southern hemisphere. The paragraph gives specific examples, such as summer occurring from June to August in the northern hemisphere, which corresponds to winter in the southern hemisphere. It emphasizes the importance of understanding these differences, using a table to aid in comprehending the seasons' distribution. The narrative concludes by encouraging viewers to subscribe and engage with the channel for more educational content.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Solstice

A solstice is a moment in the year when the day has a different length than the night. This occurs during the summer and winter solstices. In the summer solstice, the day is longer, and in the winter solstice, the day is shorter. The video emphasizes that during the summer solstice, one hemisphere experiences longer daylight, while the opposite hemisphere has longer nights, which relates to the Earth's axial tilt.

💡Equinox

An equinox refers to the time of year when day and night have approximately equal durations. This occurs during the spring and fall equinoxes. The video explains how the term 'equinox' comes from the concept of 'equivalent,' meaning the day and night are almost equal in length. It connects this concept to the spring and autumn seasons, when both hemispheres experience equal daylight and night hours.

💡Hemisphere

A hemisphere is half of the Earth, typically divided into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. In the video, the different experiences of the hemispheres during solstices and equinoxes are explained, with one hemisphere in summer while the other is in winter, and vice versa. The narrator also uses the terms 'setentrional' and 'austral' to refer to the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, respectively.

💡Summer Solstice

The summer solstice is the time of year when the day is longest, and the night is shortest. It occurs around June in the Northern Hemisphere and December in the Southern Hemisphere. In the video, it is explained that the summer solstice is marked by long daylight hours, and this concept is used to illustrate how seasons differ between hemispheres.

💡Winter Solstice

The winter solstice is the point in the year when the day is shortest, and the night is longest. It happens around December in the Northern Hemisphere and June in the Southern Hemisphere. The video highlights how the winter solstice results in shorter days, with a longer duration of darkness, contrasting with the summer solstice in the opposite hemisphere.

💡Spring Equinox

The spring equinox is a period when day and night are of equal length, marking the beginning of spring in a hemisphere. The video ties this to March in the Northern Hemisphere and September in the Southern Hemisphere, demonstrating how the equinox symbolizes the balance between daylight and nighttime hours.

💡Fall Equinox

The fall equinox is when day and night are approximately equal, signaling the start of autumn. The video associates the fall equinox with September in the Northern Hemisphere and March in the Southern Hemisphere. It reinforces the concept that, during an equinox, both hemispheres experience balanced day and night durations.

💡Setentrional/Boreal

These terms refer to the Northern Hemisphere. 'Setentrional' and 'boreal' are alternative ways of describing the Northern Hemisphere in the video. They are used to emphasize the geographic distinctions between hemispheres and how seasons are experienced differently in each one.

💡Meridional/Austral

These terms refer to the Southern Hemisphere. In the video, 'meridional' and 'austral' are used to describe the Southern Hemisphere, highlighting the contrast in seasonal experiences compared to the Northern Hemisphere. The terms serve to clarify the relationship between geographic location and seasonal variation.

💡Solar Radiation

Solar radiation refers to the energy emitted by the sun that reaches the Earth, affecting seasons and weather patterns. The video explains how the Earth's tilted axis leads to uneven solar radiation distribution, causing different seasons in each hemisphere. This concept is fundamental to understanding the variations in day length during solstices and equinoxes.

Highlights

Introduction to solstices and equinoxes with emphasis on how they relate to day and night duration.

Definition of solstice as the time of year when day and night have different durations.

Explanation that solstices are associated with summer and winter seasons.

Illustration that in one hemisphere, when it’s summer, the other hemisphere experiences winter.

Key point about the summer solstice having longer days and shorter nights.

Explanation of the winter solstice having shorter days and longer nights.

Introduction to equinox and its meaning, highlighting the term's root in 'equivalent'.

Equinox is when day and night have approximately the same duration.

Equinox is linked to spring and autumn seasons, where both day and night last around 12 hours.

Explanation of the reverse seasonal pattern between the northern and southern hemispheres.

Introduction to alternate names for the northern hemisphere (boreal or septentrional) and southern hemisphere (austral or meridional).

Illustration of the different months when seasons occur in the northern and southern hemispheres.

Key takeaway: while it's summer in the northern hemisphere (June-August), it's winter in the southern hemisphere.

The seasons' relation to the time of year and their inverse pattern between hemispheres.

Final emphasis on the importance of understanding the contrasting seasonal cycles in both hemispheres.