Video Pembelajaran Modul 4 & 5 Praktikum Rangkaian Listrik 2024/2025 (FH)

Summary

This script introduces electrical circuit analysis concepts, focusing on the Voltage Divider and Current Divider rules for calculating voltages and currents in series and parallel circuits, respectively. It then delves into Thevenin and Norton's theorems, explaining how to simplify complex circuits into simpler equivalents. The script outlines the steps for applying these theorems, including short-circuiting voltage sources and open-circuiting current sources to find equivalent resistances and source values. The explanation concludes with practical applications, such as determining the current through a variable resistor and using the Voltage Divider rule to find voltage across a resistor in the simplified circuit.

Takeaways

• 🔌 The Voltage Divider Rule is used to determine the voltage across a series-connected load, calculated as V1 = R1/(R1+R2) * Vsource for R1.
• 🔌 To find the voltage across R2, the formula V2 = R2/(R1+R2) * Vsource is used.
• 🔌 The Current Divider Rule is used to determine the current flowing through a parallel-connected load, calculated as I1 = R2/(R1+R2) * Isource for R1.
• 🔌 For R2, the current I2 = R1/(R1+R2) * Isource is used.
• 📚 Ohm's Law states that if voltage is zero, the resistance is zero, effectively creating a short circuit.
• 📚 If current is zero, the resistance is infinite, creating an open circuit.
• 🔄 The Superposition Theorem simplifies complex circuits by treating voltage sources as short circuits and current sources as open circuits.
• 🔄 The steps for applying Superposition include removing the current source first, then the voltage source, and using voltage and current divider rules to find the final voltage.
• 🔌 Thevenin's Theorem allows complex circuits to be simplified to a single voltage source in series with a single resistor.
• 🔌 To apply Thevenin's Theorem, first remove the load RL and turn off all sources, then calculate the equivalent resistance and reapply the source.
• 🔌 Norton's Theorem is similar to Thevenin's but simplifies circuits to a single current source in parallel with a resistor.
• 🔌 The relationship between Thevenin and Norton's Theorems is that Norton's resistance is the same as Thevenin's, calculated as Rnorton = Vth/Rth.

Q & A

What is the concept of voltage divider explained in the script?

The voltage divider is a concept used to determine the voltage across a load in a series circuit. It is calculated using the formula V1 = (r1 / (r1 + R2)) * Vsource for the voltage across R1, and V2 = (R2 / (R1 + R2)) * Vsource for the voltage across R2.

How is the current divider concept used in the script?

The current divider is used to determine the current flowing through a load in a parallel circuit. The current through R1 is calculated as I1 = (R2 / (R1 + R2)) * Isource, and the current through R2 is I2 = (R1 / (R1 + R2)) * Isource.

What is the significance of Ohm's Law in the context of the script?

According to Ohm's Law, if the voltage is zero, the resistance becomes zero, effectively making the circuit a short circuit. Conversely, if the current is zero, the resistance becomes infinitely large, making the circuit an open circuit.

What is the purpose of the superposition theorem as explained in the script?

The superposition theorem is used to simplify complex circuits by treating the circuit as if it were made up of multiple simpler circuits. It involves replacing voltage sources with short circuits and current sources with open circuits.

How does the script describe the process of applying the superposition theorem?

The process involves first removing the current source and treating it as an open circuit, then removing the voltage source and treating it as a short circuit. Voltage divider rules are then applied to measure the voltage, followed by current divider rules to measure the current, summing the effects to get the final result.

What is the significance of Thevenin's theorem in the script?

Thevenin's theorem allows a complex circuit to be simplified into a single voltage source in series with a single resistor. It involves removing the load and finding the equivalent resistance, then replacing the original sources with their Thevenin equivalents.

How does the script explain the steps to apply Thevenin's theorem?

The steps include removing the load (RL), shorting all voltage sources, and opening all current sources to find the Thevenin resistance (rth). Then, the voltage source is restored, and the Thevenin voltage (Vth) is calculated. Finally, the current through the load is found using Ohm's Law.

What is Norton's theorem as mentioned in the script?

Norton's theorem states that a complex linear resistive circuit can be replaced with a single current source in parallel with a resistor. The Norton resistance is equal to the Thevenin resistance, and the Norton current is equal to the Thevenin voltage divided by the Thevenin resistance.

How does the script differentiate between Thevenin's and Norton's theorems?

While Thevenin's theorem replaces the circuit with a voltage source in series with a resistor, Norton's theorem replaces it with a current source in parallel with a resistor. Both theorems simplify the circuit to a single source and a single load.

What is the practical application of the concepts discussed in the script?

The concepts discussed, such as voltage and current dividers, Ohm's Law, superposition, Thevenin's, and Norton's theorems, are fundamental in circuit analysis and design. They are used to analyze and predict the behavior of electrical circuits in various applications.