What is Time Travel | Abhi and Niyu
Summary
TLDRThis video script delves into the fascinating concept of time travel, exploring its philosophical and scientific dimensions. It discusses Einstein's theories that suggest time is not absolute and can be influenced by gravity and speed, leading to time dilation. The script also touches on the impossibility of time travel to the past due to the Law of Conservation of Energy and the Grandfather Paradox. It concludes with a philosophical reflection on how we all are time travelers, living in the present while often being prisoners of our past or future, and encourages living in the moment to truly experience life.
Takeaways
- 🕰️ Time travel has been a subject of fascination and speculation, with questions about its possibility and implications for our understanding of time and reality.
- 🎁 The video aims to offer a 'gift of time travel' in the form of knowledge, mystery, and philosophy, exploring the concept through the lens of Albert Einstein's theories.
- 🧠 Einstein's theories on relativity suggest that time is not absolute and can be influenced by gravity and speed, leading to the phenomenon known as time dilation.
- 🌌 The concept of time dilation is illustrated through the story of King Kakhudami from Vishnu Purana, where the king experiences time differently when traveling to heaven and back.
- ⏱️ Time dilation is further explained with the example of astronaut Scott Kelly, who aged slower than his twin brother due to his time in space, away from Earth's gravity.
- 🚀 The potential for time travel is also discussed in the context of GPS technology, where satellites experience time differently due to their speed and must be adjusted accordingly.
- 🔮 Michio Kaku's explanation of time travel is highlighted, contrasting Newton's view of time as a constant arrow with Einstein's view of time as a river that can be influenced by massive objects.
- 🚫 The script also touches on the philosophical and physical barriers to traveling back in time, such as the Law of Conservation of Energy and the Grandfather Paradox.
- 🌟 Stephen Hawking's perspective is mentioned, suggesting that if time travel to the past were possible, we would likely see visitors from the future.
- 🤔 The video concludes with a philosophical reflection on time, encouraging viewers to appreciate the present and not be prisoners to the past or future.
- 💭 The final message emphasizes the importance of living in the moment, as 'today is a gift,' and the value of sharing knowledge and experiences within the limited time we have.
Q & A
What is the main theme of the video script?
-The main theme of the video script is the concept of time travel, exploring its possibility through the theories of Albert Einstein, the idea of time dilation, and philosophical perspectives on our perception of time.
What does the script suggest about the relationship between time and space?
-The script suggests that time and space are interconnected, forming a fabric that can be bent and influenced by the presence of massive objects and high speeds, as described by Einstein's theories of relativity.
According to the script, what is time dilation?
-Time dilation, as explained in the script, is a phenomenon where time passes at different rates for objects moving at high speeds or in strong gravitational fields, as predicted by Einstein's theory of relativity.
How does the script describe the potential life of an alien species that can move in time?
-The script describes such an alien species as perceiving their life as a 'worm', where they can move freely through time, experiencing any moment of their life with ease, much like we move in the three spatial dimensions.
What is the Grandfather Paradox mentioned in the script?
-The Grandfather Paradox, as mentioned in the script, is a hypothetical situation where a time traveler goes back in time and kills their own grandfather before their father is born, creating a logical contradiction because if the father was never born, then who went back in time to kill the grandfather?
What does the script say about the philosophical view of time as a prison?
-The script presents a philosophical view that time is a prison, making us prisoners of the present, always transitioning from our past into an unknown future, and often causing us to miss out on the happiness of the present by postponing it for an uncertain future.
How does the script relate the concept of time travel to our daily lives?
-The script relates the concept of time travel to our daily lives by suggesting that we are all time travelers in a sense, as we constantly move from the past into the future, but we often fail to appreciate the present moment.
What is the script's stance on the possibility of time travel into the past?
-The script suggests that while time travel into the future is theoretically possible based on Einstein's theories, time travel into the past is not supported by our current understanding of physics, due to paradoxes and the Law of Conservation of Energy.
How does the script use the example of astronaut Scott Kelly to illustrate time dilation?
-The script uses the example of astronaut Scott Kelly, who spent almost a year on the International Space Station, to illustrate time dilation. Due to the weaker gravitational field and higher speed of the ISS, time passed slightly slower for Scott, resulting in him being younger than his twin brother Mark by a small margin when he returned to Earth.
What does the script suggest about the importance of living in the present?
-The script suggests that it is crucial to live in the present and appreciate the current moment, rather than always focusing on the past or the future, as this can lead to a better utilization of our time and a more fulfilling life.
Outlines
🕰 The Enigma of Time Travel
This paragraph introduces the concept of time travel, a topic that has captivated the speaker since childhood. It raises questions about the possibility of altering the past to change the future and presents the idea of time travel as a 'gift' encompassing knowledge, mystery, and philosophy. The speaker aims to explore Albert Einstein's theories on time travel, particularly time dilation and its implications for hypothetical alien species capable of time manipulation. The paragraph also touches on the philosophical nature of time, comparing it to a river and discussing its relationship with space as part of a fabric that can be bent. It emphasizes the importance of understanding time to grasp the concept of relativity and ends with a call to subscribe for more such discussions.
🌌 Time Dilation and Relativity
The second paragraph delves into the specifics of time dilation, a phenomenon where time passes at different rates depending on speed and gravity. It references Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity, which suggests that time and space are interconnected, and that time can be experienced more slowly when moving at high speeds or near massive objects. The astronaut Scott Kelly's experience on the International Space Station is cited as a real-world example of time dilation, where his time in space made him slightly younger than his Earth-bound twin. The paragraph further explores the theoretical implications of time dilation, such as the potential for time travel at near-light speeds, and the adjustments made to GPS satellite clocks to account for the phenomenon. It concludes with a philosophical reflection on the relativity of time and the observer's role in perceiving it.
🛸 Perceiving Time as an Alien Species
The final paragraph of the script contemplates the nature of time from a hypothetical alien perspective, suggesting that if an alien species could perceive and move freely in all four dimensions, they would experience life as a 'worm' with the ability to traverse their life's timeline at will. It discusses Einstein's view that time is subjective and dependent on the observer's experience. The speaker then transitions into a philosophical reflection on how humans are all time travelers in our own right, often living in the past or future rather than the present. The paragraph encourages viewers to appreciate the present moment and not let the anticipation of a better future detract from the enjoyment of today. It concludes with a reminder of the importance of living in the present and sharing the message of making the most of our time.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Time Travel
💡Time Dilation
💡Relativity
💡Space-Time
💡Special Theory of Relativity
💡Wormhole
💡Grandfather Paradox
💡Michio Kaku
💡GPS
💡Einstein's Laws
💡Philosophy of Time
Highlights
Time travel has been a subject of fascination since childhood, with questions about the possibility of reversing the cycle of time and changing the future.
The video aims to provide the gift of time travel, knowledge, mystery, and philosophy, exploring Albert Einstein's theories on the subject.
Time dilation is a concept where time can move at different speeds depending on gravity and velocity, a key aspect of Einstein's theory of relativity.
Einstein's theories suggest that time travel into the future is possible under certain conditions, challenging Newton's laws.
Michio Kaku explains time travel by comparing time to a river, influenced by massive objects and capable of varying flow speeds.
Time and space are interconnected as part of a fabric that can be bent, which is fundamental to understanding Einstein's theory of relativity.
The concept of time dilation is demonstrated practically through the experience of astronaut Scott Kelly, whose time in space made him slightly younger than his twin on Earth.
GPS technology and atomic clocks in satellites provide real-world evidence of time dilation, as they must be adjusted to account for time passing slower at high speeds.
Einstein's theory of relativity posits that everything is relative, including time, which can be experienced differently by different observers.
The Law of Conservation of Energy presents a theoretical barrier to time travel into the past, as it would require an increase in mass or energy in the past.
The Grandfather Paradox illustrates the logical inconsistencies of changing past events through time travel, questioning the very existence of the time traveler.
Stephen Hawking's view on time travel suggests that if it were possible to travel into the past, we would expect to see tourists from the future.
The idea of an alien species perceiving all four dimensions, including time, allows for the possibility of moving freely through their life's timeline.
The philosophical perspective of time as a prison, with individuals either living in the past or future, is contrasted with the importance of living in the present.
The video concludes with a message on the value of time, encouraging viewers to live in the present and make the most of their time, rather than being preoccupied with the future or past.
Transcripts
Time travel has fascinated me
since childhood.
What if we could go back in time?
What if we could reverse
the cycle of time?
What if we could go into the past
and change our future?
Today I want to give you a gift,
the gift of time travel,
the gift of knowledge,
the gift of mystery,
and also the gift of philosophy.
In today's video, we will learn
what the world's smartest mind
Albert Einstein had to say
about time travel.
How his theories explain
the possibility of time travel.
What is time dilation?
And what would life be like for
an alien species that can move
anywhere in time?
If you want to hear such interesting
discussions in an easy language,
then do not forget to subscribe
or follow us.
This is free for you
but it helps us a lot.
What is time?
Time is like a river.
Space and time are a fabric,
we can bend the fabric as we like.
Time is defined to make motion
look simple.
Understanding time is essential
to understanding relativity.
[Inaudible]
Curiosity as to where we are
and what we are.
Big Bang followed by
an expanding universe.
You cannot go back in time.
Einstein's special theory of relativity
lays out the whole recipe of
how you can move into the future.
Can you travel faster than
the speed of light through a wormhole,
but we certainly know that we can travel.
All of the theories are
mathematically inconsistent.
If you can understand time,
you are on your way
to understanding reality.
When we describe motion we do so
as a function of time.
Mathematical description of velocity
is moot unless we can define time.
What is time?
For that matter what is space?
Is time travel possible?
This is like asking who is smarter,
Newton or Einstein?
Because according to Newton's laws,
time travel is impossible,
but Einstein's laws say that
time travel is possible,
only there are some conditions.
Michio Kaku is an
American theoretical physicist
who has explained time travel
very easily in this video.
He says that Newton imagined time like
an arrow that once released will go
in a straight direction.
Whether you release it in a garden,
on Mount Everest, or on any other planet,
this arrow will always move
at the same speed
and will go in the same direction.
But Einstein said
this is not the whole truth.
Einstein said that time is like a river.
Yes, from a distance
it appears to be flowing
in the same direction,
but is the speed of the river the same?
When a big stone comes
in the middle of the river flow,
the river slows down,
and becomes fast on a slope.
Like that stone, our universe has planets,
stars, black holes,
and huge objects that slow down time.
Just as a big stone can
change the flow of a river,
similarly these objects can change
the flow of time.
Einstein says that no rule in physics
says that time travel impossible.
So will our future humans
ever be able to time travel?
Well, let me ask you
an even better question.
Have we ever time-traveled in the past?
Could our ancestors time travel?
There is a story in our Vishnu Purana.
King Kakhudami had a beautiful daughter,
Revati.
She was so beautiful that
it was impossible to find
a suitable husband for her.
Who will Revati marry?
Who will be a good match for Revati?
The king thought that only Brahma
could have the answer to this.
So the king boarded an aircraft
and went to heaven to meet Brahma.
Brahma said that Krishna's brother Balram
would be perfect for Revati.
When the king returned to Earth
with this information,
he observed a strange thing.
Many years had passed on Earth.
In a time that was
the blink of an eye for the king,
many years had passed on earth.
The flow of time was flowing
at different speeds for the king
and the people of the earth.
This is called time dilation
which we have seen in movies
like Interstellar.
In 1905, Einstein published
the Special Theory of Relativity
in which he said that time and space
are linked to each other.
When we travel at a very high speed,
time passes slowly for us,
or if we are near an object
whose gravity is very high,
then time passes slowly for us.
Why does this happen?
Because of space-time.
What is space-time?
Space-time is the field of our universe.
The more massive the object,
the greater its influence on space-time.
Just as weight has an impact
on space-time,
so does another thing and that is speed.
This is the story of
astronaut Scott Kelly who lived
on the International Space Station
for almost a year.
The interesting thing is that
he also has a twin brother, Mark Kelly.
Being twins, the age of both of them
was the same,
but because he was on ISS,
being away from the Earth
and being away from the Earth's gravity,
time was going slow for him.
When Scott came to Earth,
scientists measured
his and his brother's age.
It turned out that Scott was younger
than his twin brother Mark,
not by much, just 5 milliseconds.
This is what is called time dilation.
Of course, 5 milliseconds
doesn't matter to anyone.
You don't even realize it.
But when speed increases,
time dilation also increases.
Let's travel at the speed of light.
Imagine, a 15-year-old boy sits
on a spaceship of Elon Musk.
This spaceship can travel
at 99.5% speed of light's speed.
This boy aboard this spaceship travels
in space for two and a half years
at 99.5% speed of light,
then takes a U-turn,
and then returns back to Earth.
The age of that boy would be
15+5 i.e. 20 years only,
but all his classmates would be
65 years old.
50 years will have passed on Earth.
Of course, Elon Musk does not have
any such technology or any such spaceship
that can travel at such speed,
or he has not told us about it.
But if any spaceship,
if any device fulfills these conditions
then time travel is possible,
and its proof is on your phone.
The maps on your phone work on
GPS technology.
With the help of at least 3 satellites
in Earth's orbit,
a location can be found
with pinpoint precision.
But for this, all these satellites
have to be in sync very accurately.
That is why atomic clocks
are used in satellites.
To remain in the Earth's orbit,
these satellites have to orbit
at a speed of 8,700 miles per hour,
which means for them time passes
slower than us,
not much, just 7 microseconds.
Because of this, the interesting thing
is that the clocks on these satellites
are adjusted by 7 microseconds every day.
That means the technology working
on your mobile knows that time travel
is not just a possibility
but a reality.
This is the understanding of our universe
according to Einstein's laws.
Einstein said everything is relative,
time is not absolute.
This means that imagine
that you are sitting in a super fast train
and moving from one tree to another.
Suddenly two lightning strikes
and fall on both the trees simultaneously.
But while sitting in the train,
you will feel as if lightning struck
the tree in front first
and then the tree behind.
If seen from a neutral perspective,
both the flashes of lightning
had struck simultaneously,
but as an observer,
you would have noticed that
the lightning struck the tree
in front first and the tree behind later.
It depends on the observer, his speed,
and the direction of the speed.
That is time travel as per Einstein.
But this time travel is not exciting.
What difference does it make unless
we can go into the past
and change any event?
Our present understanding of physics
does not allow us to change anything
by traveling in the past.
Why?
Because of
the Law of Conservation of Energy.
You must have learned in your school
that energy cannot be created
nor destroyed.
The total energy in our universe
is constant.
Mass is converted into energy
and energy into mass.
If I go into the past
or send an object into the past then
the mass or energy in the past increases.
This is against
the Law of Conservation of Energy.
But let us assume that this law is wrong.
There may be some exceptions to this.
But even if it is possible to go
into the past
then it will not be possible
to change our future.
Suppose I go back 100 years
and kill my own grandfather
before my father was born,
then a paradox is created.
That means, if my father was never born
then who went into the past?
And if no one has gone in the past
then who killed my grandfather
to prevent my father's birth?
That's the Grandfather Paradox!
That is, if the Grandfather Paradox
is to be beaten then
there will have to be a multiverse,
If you want to see a separate video
on Multiverse,
please let me know in the comments.
Newton felt that time travel
was not possible.
Einstein thought time travel
was possible.
What does Stephen Hawking,
the smart man who came after them,
have to say?
Stephen Hawking believes that
no one can time travel in the past
because if we could turn back time
and travel in the past,
then today's world would be full of
tourists who have come from the future,
and taking photos from their iPhone 115.
Time traveling in the past brings us
many questions which we will explain
in Part 2 of this video.
But now let's ride
on the boat of imagination.
We all live in a three-dimensional space.
In this three-dimensional space,
we can move as we wish, up-down,
forward-backward, right-left,
3-dimensions,
but in time we can move
in only one direction,
and that's forward.
Time has three spatial dimensions
and one temporal dimension.
But if an alien could perceive
not only 3 dimensions
but all 4 dimensions
i.e. time in the same way,
could move freely in time in the same way,
then they would perceive their own life
as a worm.
At one end of this worm is his childhood
when he was born and at the other end
is his death.
It will be as easy for them to go anywhere
in the past, present,
or future as it is for us
to take a turn like this.
They can reach any moment of their life
in the blink of an eye
and can experience it as per their wish.
Understanding time, Einstein highlighted
one thing that time depends
on the observer and his experience.
Seen from this logic,
we all are already time travelers.
Let's forget science fiction
and enter philosophy.
I also think of time as this prison.
Time makes us all a prisoner
of the present forever transitioning
from our own past into an unknown future.
We are all time travelers
because we do not live in the present.
Some people always live in the past.
They stuff everything in his backpack.
Who told us what? When did they hurt?
When did they give love?
They sit with everything
on their shoulders
and wonder why everything is so heavy,
why life is so difficult.
And some people are exactly the opposite.
When we are young,
we study in the first standard to go
to the second standard in the future,
when we are in 10th,
we try our best to get admission
in a good college in future,
we study in college to get a good job
in the future,
one does a good job only to become
financially independent in the future.
Days pass and one day we realize that
we have been cheated.
Because since childhood
we have been lied to that we have to live
for the future.
A future that becomes present
when we reach there.
The happiness that was promised to us
propels us into happiness in the future.
Then we realize that
we are a time traveler.
We always postpone today's happiness for
the happiness promised in the future.
We start thinking about going
to the office on Monday
from Sunday evening itself,
due to which we waste our Sunday evening.
As a time traveler,
we have forgotten to see
the happiness of today.
We all are time travelers
but we are not getting any benefit
from this time travel,
it is only causing loss.
Today's video was not just to tell you
the facts of time travel,
it was to tell you the truth that
making provisions for the future
and ruining your present
in the hope of a good future,
these two things are different.
Observe today's happiness.
Freeze the time.
Yesterday is history,
tomorrow is a mystery,
today is a gift,
and that's why we call it the present.
If you got value from this video
and learned something new,
then share it with your friends
because we all have limited time.
We can neither save it,
nor speed up, nor slow down,
we can only utilize it well,
learn to live in today,
and make our time well spent.
And sharing this important message with you
makes a difference to me!
Hey friends, thank you so much
for this video till the end.
If you liked this video then
press the like button.
Don't forget to subscribe or follow
the channel to see more such videos.
Thank you so much for watching
because your support makes a difference to us.
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