Developmental Task (Robert Havighurst)

BRIGHT IDEAS of HJD

8 Sept 202004:38

Summary

TLDRThe video script outlines Robert Havighurst's developmental tasks across life's stages, emphasizing the importance of achieving these tasks for happiness and success. It details tasks from infancy to later maturity, including learning basic skills, developing social roles, and adjusting to life changes. Each stage's tasks, such as learning to walk, talk, and distinguish right from wrong in early childhood, to adjusting to retirement and aging in later life, are crucial for personal growth and societal contribution.

Takeaways

🚶 Learning to walk is a crucial developmental task for infants and early childhood.
🍚 The ability to take solid foods is a significant milestone in early childhood development.
🗣️ Language acquisition, including learning to talk and understanding social and physical reality, is fundamental for early childhood.
🚽 Developing control over bodily functions, such as elimination, is an essential developmental task for young children.
👧👦 Recognizing and learning about sex differences and sexual modesty are part of the developmental tasks in early childhood.
📚 Preparing for reading and developing a moral compass are key tasks for children aged 0 to 5.
🏀 Middle childhood involves learning physical skills and building a positive self-image.
👫 Social development in middle childhood includes learning to interact with peers and adopting an appropriate sex role.
📈 Adolescence is marked by the pursuit of mature relationships, emotional independence, and preparation for future responsibilities like marriage and career.
💼 Early adulthood focuses on selecting a mate, starting a family, and beginning a career, along with civic responsibilities.
👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Middle adulthood involves nurturing children into responsible adults, achieving career success, and adjusting to physiological changes.
👴 Later maturity is about adjusting to retirement, accepting health changes, and establishing satisfactory living conditions.

Q & A

What is the definition of a developmental task according to Robert Havighurst?
-A developmental task, as defined by Robert Havighurst, is a task that arises at a certain period in life, the successful achievement of which leads to happiness and success with later tasks, while failure leads to unhappiness, social disapproval, and difficulty with their tasks.
List the developmental tasks for infancy and early childhood as outlined by Havighurst.
-The developmental tasks for infancy and early childhood (0-5 years old) include learning to walk, take solid foods, talk, control the elimination of body waste, learn sex differences and sexual modesty, develop concepts and language to describe social and physical reality, readiness for reading, and learning to distinguish right from wrong and developing a conscience.
What are the developmental tasks for middle childhood according to Havighurst?
-For middle childhood (6-12 years old), the tasks include learning physical skills for ordinary games, building a wholesome attitude towards oneself, getting along with age mates, learning an appropriate sex role, developing fundamental skills in reading, writing, and calculating, developing concepts necessary for everyday living, developing conscience, morality, and the scale of values, and developing acceptable attitudes toward oneself.
What developmental tasks does Havighurst suggest for adolescents?
-Adolescents (13-18 years old) should achieve mature relations with both sexes, achieve a masculine or feminine social role, accept their physique, achieve emotional independence from adults, prepare for marriage and family life, prepare for an economic career, acquire values and an ethical system to guide behavior, and desire and achieve socially responsible behavior.
What are the developmental tasks for early adulthood as per Havighurst's framework?
-In early adulthood (19-29 years old), the tasks include selecting a mate, learning to live with a partner, starting a family, rearing children, managing a home, starting an occupation, and assuming civic responsibility.
How does Havighurst define the developmental tasks for middle adulthood?
-Middle adulthood (30-60 years old) involves helping teenage children become happy and responsible adults, achieving adult social and civic responsibility, satisfactory career achievement, developing adult leisure time activities, relating to one's spouse as a person, accepting the physiological changes of middle age, and adjusting to aging parents.
What are the developmental tasks for later maturity according to Havighurst?
-In later maturity (61 and over), the tasks include adjusting to decreasing strength and health, adjusting to retirement and reduced income, adjusting to the death of a spouse, establishing relations with one's own age group, meeting social and civic obligations, and establishing satisfactory living quarters.
How does the successful achievement of developmental tasks impact an individual's life according to the script?
-According to the script, the successful achievement of developmental tasks leads to happiness and success with later tasks, which suggests a positive impact on an individual's life.
What are the consequences of failing to achieve developmental tasks as mentioned in the script?
-Failing to achieve developmental tasks can lead to unhappiness, social disapproval, and difficulty with subsequent tasks, indicating negative consequences for an individual's life.
How does the script emphasize the importance of achieving developmental tasks?
-The script emphasizes the importance of achieving developmental tasks by outlining specific tasks for different life stages and highlighting the positive outcomes of successful achievement and the negative consequences of failure.
What is the significance of the developmental tasks for each age period as described in the script?
-The significance of the developmental tasks for each age period lies in their role in shaping an individual's happiness, success, social approval, and ability to handle life's challenges at each stage.

Outlines

00:00

🚼 Developmental Tasks in Early Life

This paragraph outlines the developmental tasks according to Robert Haviger's theory, focusing on infancy and early childhood from zero to five years old. It lists eight key tasks including learning to walk, eat solid foods, speak, control bodily functions, understand sex differences, develop language skills, readiness for reading, discern right from wrong, and form a conscience. These tasks are crucial for happiness and success in later life stages.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Developmental Task

A 'developmental task' as defined by Robert Havighurst refers to a challenge or set of challenges that arise at specific periods in an individual's life. The successful completion of these tasks is believed to contribute to happiness and success in subsequent stages, while failure can lead to unhappiness and difficulties. In the video, developmental tasks are outlined for various age periods, emphasizing their importance in shaping an individual's life trajectory.

💡Infancy and Early Childhood

This term from the script refers to the first stage of human development, ranging from birth to five years old. It is a critical period where foundational skills such as walking, talking, and basic social behaviors are learned. The video highlights tasks such as learning to walk, talk, and control bodily functions, which are essential for later development.

💡Middle Childhood

Middle childhood is the developmental stage between the ages of 6 to 12 years old. It is characterized by the acquisition of physical skills, social interactions, and academic abilities. The video script mentions tasks like learning to play games, developing self-attitudes, and acquiring basic literacy and numeracy skills, which are crucial for social integration and educational success.

💡Adolescence

Adolescence, covering ages 13 to 18, is a transitional stage marked by significant physical, emotional, and social changes. The script outlines tasks such as achieving mature relations with both sexes, accepting one's physique, and preparing for economic independence, which are vital for developing a sense of identity and self-sufficiency.

💡Early Adulthood

Early adulthood spans from 19 to 29 years old and involves tasks related to forming intimate relationships, starting a family, and beginning a career. The video emphasizes the importance of selecting a mate, rearing children, and managing a home, which are key components of establishing a stable adult life.

💡Middle Adulthood

Middle adulthood, the period from 30 to 60 years old, involves tasks focused on career development, family life, and social responsibility. The script discusses the importance of helping children become responsible adults, achieving career satisfaction, and adjusting to physiological changes of middle age, which are essential for maintaining a balanced and fulfilling life.

💡Later Maturity

Later maturity, for individuals aged 61 and over, involves adjusting to the realities of aging, such as decreased strength and health, and retirement. The video script mentions tasks like adjusting to retirement life, accepting physiological changes, and establishing satisfactory living quarters, which are crucial for maintaining quality of life in old age.

💡Conscience

Conscience, as discussed in the script, refers to an individual's moral sense of right and wrong, which is developed during early childhood and continues to evolve throughout life. It plays a critical role in guiding behavior and making ethical decisions, contributing to an individual's sense of responsibility and morality.

💡Sex Differences

The recognition and understanding of 'sex differences' is a developmental task mentioned in the script for infancy and early childhood. It involves learning about the biological and social distinctions between males and females, which is important for children's gender identity development and social interactions.

💡Social Role

A 'social role' in the context of the video refers to the expected behaviors and responsibilities associated with one's gender or social status. The script mentions achieving a masculine or feminine social role during adolescence and relates to the broader concept of gender roles in society.

💡Economic Career

An 'economic career' is a developmental task highlighted in the script for adolescence and early adulthood, emphasizing the importance of preparing for a profession that provides economic stability. It involves acquiring skills and education necessary for long-term employment and financial independence.

Highlights

Developmental tasks are specific challenges expected at each life stage, according to Robert Havighurst.

Successful completion of developmental tasks leads to happiness and success in later stages.

Failure to achieve developmental tasks can result in unhappiness and difficulties.

Infancy and early childhood tasks include learning to walk, talk, and control body functions.

Middle childhood tasks involve learning physical skills and developing a sense of self.

Adolescence is marked by achieving mature relations, accepting one's physique, and preparing for adult roles.

Early adulthood tasks include selecting a mate, starting a family, and beginning a career.

Middle adulthood focuses on helping children become responsible adults and achieving career success.

Later maturity tasks involve adjusting to retirement, accepting physiological changes, and establishing satisfactory living quarters.

Learning to distinguish right from wrong and developing a conscience is a key task in early childhood.

Adolescents must prepare for marriage, family life, and an economic career.

Early adults are tasked with managing a home and assuming civic responsibilities.

Middle adults must relate to their spouse as a person and adjust to aging parents.

Establishing relations with one's own age group is a task in later maturity.

Meeting social and civic obligations is important in the later stages of life.

Developing an ethical system to guide behavior is a task for adolescents.

Accepting the death of a spouse and adjusting to decreasing strength and health are late maturity challenges.