Penjelasan Hadits 73 golongan umat Islam

Summary

The script discusses the controversial Hadith of 73 sects in Islam, where only one is saved while others are doomed. Scholars differ in interpreting its authenticity and meaning. Some accept it as Sahih (authentic), while others, like Imam Ibn Hazm, reject it. The debate extends to whether the Hadith should be taken literally or as a warning against division. The speaker emphasizes that this Hadith cannot justify any group declaring itself the only saved one and highlights that Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah, representing the majority, should be understood as the mainstream followers of Quran and Hadith.

Takeaways

• 🔍 There is debate among scholars about the interpretation of the hadith regarding the 73 sects, with some using it to justify their group's righteousness while labeling others as misguided.
• 📚 Some scholars consider the hadith about the 73 sects to be authentic, supported by multiple chains of narration, while others, like Imam Ibn Hazm, reject its authenticity.
• ❓ The hadith's validity is questioned by scholars who argue that even if it is authentic, its interpretation should not be used to claim exclusive salvation for one group.
• 🔄 There are contradictory reports on the hadith, with some narrations suggesting 72 sects will enter paradise and only one will be condemned to hell.
• 💡 The hadith is interpreted by some scholars as a warning against division within the Muslim community, rather than a prediction of inevitable sectarianism.
• ⚖️ The addition to the hadith, stating that only one group will be saved while the others will be in hell, is considered weak by some scholars.
• 📖 Even if the hadith is accepted, its meaning is debated, with some scholars arguing that divisions in the Muslim community are temporary and not continuous.
• ❗ The script emphasizes that the hadith should not be used to justify exclusionary practices or claims of superiority by any single group within Islam.
• 🕌 Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah is interpreted by some scholars as the majority group within Islam, representing those who adhere to the Quran and Sunnah, rather than a specific, narrow faction.
• 🌍 The majority of Muslims globally, including in regions like Indonesia and the Arab world, identify with Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah, which is seen as inclusive of various Islamic organizations.

Q & A

What is the main topic discussed in the script?

The script discusses the interpretation of the hadith about the 73 sects in Islam, focusing on different scholarly views regarding its authenticity and meaning.

What is the hadith about 73 sects, and how is it interpreted by some groups?

The hadith about 73 sects is used by some groups to declare that only their group will be saved, while others will go to hell. This interpretation is based on the belief that one group is on the true path, while the rest are misguided.

What are the differing opinions among scholars regarding the authenticity of this hadith?

Scholars differ in their views on the hadith's authenticity. Some validate it due to multiple narrations that strengthen each other, while others, like Imam Ibn Hazm, consider it weak or fabricated.

What alternative interpretation of the hadith is mentioned in the script?

An alternative interpretation suggests that instead of 72 groups going to hell, the majority will be saved, with only one group being punished. This view is supported by scholars like Sheikh Muhammad Abduh.

Why do some scholars reject the hadith as a basis for declaring others as misguided?

Some scholars reject the hadith as a basis for declaring others as misguided because they believe it is either weak or misinterpreted, and that it cannot be used to justify exclusionary claims about salvation.

How do scholars who accept the hadith interpret its meaning?

Scholars who accept the hadith argue that even if it is authentic, it should be understood as a warning against division, not as a definitive statement about who will be saved or condemned.

What is the significance of the phrase 'Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah' in this context?

In this context, 'Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah' refers to the mainstream majority of Muslims who adhere to the Quran and Sunnah. The term is used to argue that this majority should not be narrowed down to a single group claiming to be the only saved sect.

What is the scholarly opinion on the additional phrases in the hadith, such as 'those who follow me and my companions'?

Some scholars view these additional phrases as weak or later additions to the hadith, questioning their authenticity and relevance in determining the hadith's overall meaning.

What conclusion does the speaker reach regarding the interpretation of the hadith?

The speaker concludes that the hadith should not be used to support a narrow interpretation that only one group is saved. Instead, it should be seen as a call for unity and caution against division within the Muslim community.

How does the speaker suggest the hadith should be understood in the context of modern Muslim communities?

The speaker suggests that the hadith should be understood as emphasizing the importance of unity among Muslims, with 'Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah' representing the majority of Muslims who follow the Quran and Sunnah, rather than a single exclusive group.

Outlines

00:00

🤔 Diverse Interpretations of the 73 Sects Hadith

The first paragraph discusses the hadith about the 73 sects, highlighting the different interpretations and opinions among scholars. Some scholars have authenticated the hadith based on various narrations, while others, like Imam Ibn Hazm, have rejected it. The paragraph also explores the notion that only one group, Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah, is saved while others are destined for hell, and mentions contradictory narrations where the majority are saved. The conclusion is that this hadith cannot be used to justify the legitimacy of any one group over others and should not be seen as a definitive statement of truth.

05:01

📜 Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah as the Majority of the Ummah

The second paragraph emphasizes that Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah represents the majority of the Muslim Ummah, adhering to the Quran, hadith, and the teachings of the Prophet and his companions. Despite differences in religious branches, this group remains the largest, spanning across various regions and organizations. The paragraph also stresses that Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah should not be reduced to a single group or organization, as it encompasses the broader Muslim community.

Keywords

💡Hadith Firqoh 73

The Hadith Firqoh 73 refers to a narration attributed to the Prophet Muhammad, which mentions that the Muslim community will be divided into 73 sects, with only one sect being saved. This hadith is often used by some groups to claim that they are the 'saved' group, while others are doomed. The video discusses the differing scholarly opinions on the authenticity and interpretation of this hadith, emphasizing that it should not be used to justify sectarianism.

💡Legitimacy

Legitimacy in this context refers to the act of using religious texts, such as the Hadith Firqoh 73, to justify or validate one's own beliefs or group as being the true or 'saved' group. The video criticizes this approach, arguing that using the hadith in this way is a misinterpretation and can lead to unjust divisions within the Muslim community.

💡Scholarly Disagreement

Scholarly disagreement refers to the varying opinions among Islamic scholars regarding the authenticity and interpretation of the Hadith Firqoh 73. The video highlights that some scholars accept the hadith as authentic, while others, like Imam Ibn Hazm, reject it. This disagreement shows that the hadith should not be used as definitive proof to declare one group as saved and others as condemned.

💡Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah

Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah is a term referring to the mainstream Sunni Islamic community, which is considered by its adherents to follow the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad and his companions closely. The video discusses how some groups use the Hadith Firqoh 73 to claim that only Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah will be saved, but it argues that this interpretation is narrow and does not account for the diversity within the Sunni community itself.

💡Imam Ibn Hazm

Imam Ibn Hazm was a renowned Islamic scholar who is mentioned in the video as someone who outrightly rejected the Hadith Firqoh 73. His stance is significant because it highlights that not all scholars accepted the hadith as authentic, contributing to the broader debate on its validity and interpretation.

💡Contradictory Hadith

Contradictory Hadith refers to the existence of other hadiths that seemingly contradict the Hadith Firqoh 73. For example, some narrations suggest that 72 sects will enter paradise, while only one will enter hellfire, directly opposing the narrative of the 73 sects hadith. This contradiction is used in the video to argue that the hadith in question is not definitive and should not be used to justify exclusionary practices.

💡Sawadhul Azhom

Sawadhul Azhom, which translates to 'the vast majority,' is mentioned in the video as a term used in hadiths to describe the majority of the Muslim community. Scholars interpret it as referring to the mainstream Sunni community. The video uses this term to argue that Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah, as the majority, should not be narrowly defined or used to exclude others.

💡Minority Sects

Minority Sects refer to smaller Islamic groups, such as the Shia, Khawarij, and Mu'tazila, which are often marginalized within the broader Muslim community. The video discusses how these groups are often labeled as 'deviant' based on the Hadith Firqoh 73, but it argues that such labeling is problematic and not supported by a consensus of scholars.

💡Muhammad Abduh

Muhammad Abduh was an influential Islamic reformer mentioned in the video, who found relief in a hadith that contradicted the Hadith Firqoh 73, suggesting that 72 sects would enter paradise. His perspective is used to illustrate that there are alternative interpretations of the hadith, which challenge the notion that the Muslim community is predominantly destined for hellfire.

💡Tafsir

Tafsir is the Arabic term for exegesis or interpretation of the Quran and Hadith. The video touches on different tafsir approaches to the Hadith Firqoh 73, showing that scholars interpret the hadith in various ways, which leads to different understandings of its meaning and implications. This highlights the importance of context and scholarly analysis in interpreting religious texts.

Highlights

Some groups use the hadith of 73 sects as a justification to declare themselves as the only saved group, labeling others as misguided and destined for hell.

Scholars have differing opinions about the authenticity of the hadith regarding the 73 sects.

Some scholars authenticate the hadith due to its multiple narrations that strengthen each other.

Imam Ibn Hazm clearly rejects the authenticity of the hadith in his book 'Al-Fisal'.

Some scholars accept the hadith but consider certain parts of it, like the claim that 'all except one group will enter hell,' to be weak.

There are contradictions in the hadith, as some versions suggest that 72 groups will enter heaven and only one will enter hell.

Some scholars argue that the hadith is not a prophecy of division but a warning against division, similar to the divisions among Jews and Christians.

The addition that only one group is saved while the rest are in hell is considered weak by some scholars.

If the hadith is accepted as authentic, it is argued that the division among Muslims will not be permanent.

The hadith cannot be interpreted as legitimizing the idea that only one group from the Muslim community will be saved, and the rest are doomed.

Some scholars believe that the hadith should be understood in the context of the majority of Muslims being on the right path, as indicated by the term 'Al-Jamaah'.

The majority of scholars agree that Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah represents the largest group of Muslims.

Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah is considered the mainstream of Islam, encompassing major groups like NU and Muhammadiyah in Indonesia.

In countries like Malaysia, the Arab world, and even Europe, Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah remains the majority group among Muslims.

The hadith, even if accepted, should not be used to narrowly define Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah as a small sect, but as the majority of Muslims adhering to the Quran and Hadith.

Transcripts

ada sebagian golongan yang menjadikan

hadits firqoh 73 itu sebagai legitimasi

untuk mendiklar diri dan kelompok mereka

yang selamat sedangkan yang lain sesat

masuk neraka padahal faktanya tentang

hadis ini itu para ulama berbeda

pendapat

dalam kitab

alfaq Muhidin belum menyebutkan di sana

bahwa Sebagian ulama itu mensahihkan

hadis ini dengan dalil bahwa hadis

tentang firqoh ini memang ada beberapa

jalur periwayatan yang kemudian saling

menguatkan namun Sebagian ulama tegas

untuk diantaranya yang terang-terang

mendoakan hadis-hadits tentang firqoh

ini adalah Imam Ibnu hazm dalam kitab

al-fasal

Ibnu hazm jelas tegas menggoefkan hadis

tersebut kemudian ulama yang menerima

periwayatan Hadits tersebut itu mereka

mengatakan Shahih sebagian redaksinya

tapi kemudian ada tambahan sebagai ulama

menyatakan demikian mereka mengatakan

bahwa

semuanya di neraka kecuali satu kelompok

yaitu ahlussunnah itu lemah demikian

juga dengan adanya tambahan yaitu yang

aku dan sahabatku ada di atasnya itu

juga dikatakan sebagai riwayat yang baik

kemudian Mungkin banyak yang tidak tahu

bahwa hadis ini juga mengalami taaruf ya

mengalami kontradiksi gitu ya karena ada

riwayat yang menyebutkan sebaliknya

yaitu seperti dalam kitab Ahsan Al

taqasim fima'arifah Al atholim itu

Syamsudin Muhammad bin Ahmad dalam kitab

itu beliau mengatakan bahwa hadis yang

menyebutkan 72 masuk neraka satu masuk

surga itu adalah hadis yang populer tapi

hadis yang lebih Shahih adalah justru

sebaliknya 72 masuk surga yang satu

masuk neraka makanya dalam sebuah

riwayat seperti yang dikutip dalam Al

Manar bahwa Syekh Muhammad Abduh itu

pernah mengatakan yang membuat saya lega

itu ada riwayat hadits yang menyebutkan

72 masuk surga satu masuk neraka

kemudian Sebagian ulama menjelaskan

bahwa maksud hadis ini bukan kitab dari

nabi bahwa umat ini akan berpecah belah

tetapi sebagai peringatan agar apa agar

tidak terpecah belah sebagaimana

berpecah belahnya Yahudi dan berpecah

belahnya Nasrani Sebagian ulama yang

lain mengatakan bahwa hadis ini tidak

menjelaskan tentang kesesatan atau

perbedaan seperti halnya orang Yahudi

yang menjadi kelompok-kelompok Nasrani

menjadi kelompok-kelompok umat Islam itu

akan menjadi kelompok-kelompok sedangkan

tambahan bahwa satu yang selamat sisanya

masuk neraka atau sebaliknya 72 selamat

sisa masuk neraka itu adalah Dhaif atau

tambahan semata dan ada Sebagian ulama

yang menjelaskan bahwa kalau toh hadits

ini Shahih bisa diterima periwayatannya

adalah maknanya itu terpecahan yang

terjadi di umat islam itu tidak

terus-menerus tidak terjadi dan kemudian

begitu seterusnya akan terjadi

perpecahan umat itu menjadi sekian

kelompok sampai 73 yang selamat hanya

satu tetapi kemudian akan satu kembali

seperti halnya fenomena-fenomena hadis

yang disebutkan oleh Nabi Shallallahu

alaihi wasallam yang dia tidak terjadi

terus-menerus akan terjadi di suatu

kurun masa dan kemudian tidak terjadi di

masa yang lainnya kesimpulannya ikhwah

yang dibolehkan Allah ta'ala bahwa hadis

ini tidak bisa ditarik maknanya kepada

satu pemahaman saja apalagi seperti yang

sudah saya sampaikan menganggap bahwa

hadis ini menjadi legitimasi pembenaran

bahwa hanya satu yang masuk surga dari

umat Rasulullah yang lain masuk neraka

ini gagal paham tentang hadis Nabi

Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam karena

faktanya bahkan para ulama mengatakan

bahwa hadis ini tidak bisa dijadikan

sebagai hujjah kalau toh kemudian bisa

dijadikan sebagai hujjah ada beberapa

catatan-catatan sebagaimana sudah

disebutkan misalnya ketika hadis ini

diterima pemaknaannya adalah walaupun

Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah itu satu kelompok

satu golongan sedangkan firqoh yang

sesat itu adalah 72 golongan tetap

dikembalikan kepada makna keterangan

hadis yang menyebut al-jamaah

Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah itu adalah

mayoritas sedangkan itu 72 itu adalah

minoritas Kenapa karena memang ada hadis

Nabi Shallallahu alaihi wasallam yang

menyebut adalah syawadul adzom yang

ulama menerangkan makna sawadhul Azhom

itu adalah kelompok terbanyak demikian

juga mana Al Jamaah itu artinya adalah

banyak dan ini dikuatkan dengan fakta

realitas bahwa memang Ahlussunnah Wal

Jamaah itu adalah mayoritasnya cobalah

lihat di negeri-negeri kaum muslimin

tidak usah di masa lalu di masa umat

Islam sedang Jaya di masa umat Islam

sedang jatuh hari ini pun Ahlussunnah

Wal Jamaah itu adalah kelompok terbanyak

seperti di Indonesia ada NU Muhammadiyah

ada kelompok-kelompok yang mereka

sebenarnya bukan firqoh tetapi

organisasi yang semuanya adalah

Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah lihat kaum

muslimin yang ada di Malaysia yang ada

di negeri-negeri Arab bahkan yang ada di

Eropa berapa persen sih orang Islam yang

ikuti ajaran syiah berapa persen sih

orang-orang yang menjadi khawarij berapa

persen misalnya yang ikut aliran

muktazilah Ahmadiyah dan seterusnya

sehingga kalau hadis ini diterima

kesahihannya tidak bisa serta-merta

kemudian kita mengecilkan dan

mengkerdilkan makna Ahlussunnah Wal

Jamaah itu adalah saya dan kelompok saya

tetapi kita katakan Ahlussunnah Wal

Jamaah adalah mayoritas umat Islam yang

berpegang teguh kepada Quran dan

al-hadis berpegang teguh kepada tuntunan

Rasulullah dan para sahabat Meskipun

mereka kemudian berbeda pendapat dalam

cabang-cabang agama