Microsoft CEO Nadella on AI Wave and Tech in 2024

Summary

Сеанс обсуждения сSatya Nadella, который затронул различные аспекты работы Microsoft, включая превосходство компании в стоимости рыночной капитализации, стратегии развития искусственного интеллекта и партнерства с OpenAI. Обсуждение также коснулось значимости выборов в США, возможностей для инвестиций и разработки технологий в Китае, а также перспектив в области инноваций и оборудовании. Satya выразил уверенность в потенциале AI и его влиянии на будущие модели продуктов и услуг. Кроме того, он поделился своими мыслями о развитии крикета в Соединенных Штатах и спонсорстве лиги.

Takeaways

• 📈 Microsoft превзошла Apple по рыночной капитализации, став самой ценной публичной компанией в мире.
• 📱 Стив Джобс подчеркнул важность следующего удивительного продукта для Apple, что также относится к Microsoft и их миссии.
• 💼 Компания стремится выполнять свою миссию, предоставляя инструменты и услуги, которые помогут каждому человеку и организации достичь большего.
• 🤖 Microsoft активно интегрирует функции и возможности ИИ в свои продукты, расширяя использование инструмента Copilot.
• 🚀 Copilot - это продукт, основанный на ИИ, который может улучшить опыт программирования и повышать производительность.
• 🤝 Microsoft и OpenAI имеют партнерские отношения, которые основаны на поддержке и дополнении друг друга для конкурентного преимущества на рынке.
• 🌐 Microsoft считает, что знания и интеллектуальная собственность без границ, и компания открыта для глобального таланта, который хочет работать над американской интеллектуальной собственностью.
• 🏛️ Microsoft поддерживает демократический процесс и важность беспристрастных и надежных выборов, активно работая против дезинформации и вмешательства иностранных государств.
• 🇨🇳 Несмотря на политические и экономические вызовы, Microsoft продолжает оперировать на китайском рынке, основываясь на потребностях своих клиентов и стратегических партнерств.
• 📚 Инвестиции Microsoft в OpenAI и другие партнерства рассматриваются регуляторами, и компания готова к тщательному рассмотрению своих действий в контексте конкуренции.
• 📱 Microsoft рассматривает возможные изменения в мобильной индустрии и готова к новым возможностям, включая разработку новых устройств и интерфейсов, основанных на ИИ.
• 🏏 Microsoft спонсирует крикетный лиг в США, расширяя свои интересы за пределы технологической сферы и поддерживая разнообразие культурных мероприятий.

Q & A

Какой момент последнего недели вызвал упоминание на рынке капитализации Microsoft, которая превысила Apple?

Рыночная капитализация Microsoft превысила Apple, и Microsoft стала самой ценной публичной компанией в мире.

Какой был реакцией Стив Джобса на превышение рыночной стоимости Apple Microsoft в 2010 году?

Стив Джобс отправил электронное письмо сотрудникам, подчеркивая, что акции поднимаются и опускаются, но признавая это заметное событие и напомнивая, что Apple равна только нашему следующему удивительному продукту.

Какую фразу вы бы использовали, чтобы закончить предложение о том, на чем заключаетсяMicrosoft?

Microsoft равна только нашему умению осуществлять, преследовать нашу миссию, поскольку нет Бога-данного права для компаний существовать вечно. Наша миссия - это укреплять каждого человека и каждую организацию на планете, чтобы достичь большего.

Что означает для Microsoft добавление функций и возможностей ИИ в ваши продукты?

Добавление функций и возможностей ИИ в продукты Microsoft является агрессивным шагом впереди, включая расширение выпуска инструмента Copilot, частично обуславливаемого партнерством с OpenAI.

Каковы ожидания от использования инструментов Copilot на широкую массу?

Ожидается, что инструменты Copilot будут широко использоваться, поскольку они основаны на прогрессе в области ИИ и улучшают опыт программистов, делая их работу более продуктивной и приятной.

Каковы основные принципы партнерства между OpenAI и Microsoft?

Партнерство основано на эффективном сотрудничестве и взаимной поддержке, где каждая сторона укрепляет то, что делает другая, и конкурирует на рынке. Microsoft строит вычислительные ресурсы, которые OpenAI использует для обучения, а затем продукты интегрируются в Microsoft.

Какой структуры удобнее для Microsoft: обычные партнерства или собственные разработки?

Microsoft считает, что обычные партнерства и собственные разработки оба важны. Они стремятся к эффективному партнерству, созданию ценностей и поддержанию независимости между компаниями.

Как Microsoft относится к политическим выборам и их значению для компании?

Как американская компания, Microsoft считает, что политическая, экономическая и социальная обстановка в Соединенных Штатах имеет большое значение. Они поддерживают демократический процесс и стремятся к обеспечению его целостности.

Что Microsoft считает ключевым для привлечения таланта?

Microsoft считает, что величайшая сила Соединенных Штатов заключается в привлечении лучшего таланта, и они открыты для сотрудничества с талантливыми людьми по всему миру, которые хотят работать над американской интеллектуальной собственностью.

Какие вызовы Microsoft ожидает в отношении регуляторов и антимонопольных расследований?

Microsoft ожидает, что регуляторы и антимонопольные органы будут внимательно следить за их действиями, особенно в контексте крупных партнерств и покупок, и что они будут рассматривать, является ли это про-конкурентным решением.

Какие перспективы развития Microsoft видят в области ИИ и новых технологий?

Microsoft рассматривает ИИ и новые технологии как ключевой элемент их будущего роста и конкурентоспособности. Они инвестируют в разработки и партнерства, чтобы быть впереди и создать инновационные продукты и услуги.

Чему Microsoft учит при подготовке к возможному увеличению регуляторного контроля?

Microsoft учит, что с увеличением их размера и влияния регуляторы будут более внимательно следить за их действиями, и они должны быть готовы к прозрачности и защите интересов потребителей и рыночных конкурентов.

Outlines

00:00

📈 Microsoft's Market Capitalization Surpasses Apple

The speaker begins by acknowledging a significant financial milestone for Microsoft, where its market capitalization surpassed that of Apple, making it the most valuable public company in the world. This achievement is compared to a similar moment in 2010 when Apple overtook Microsoft. The speaker reflects on Steve Jobs' email to employees, highlighting the importance of continuous innovation. He emphasizes Microsoft's mission to empower every person and organization and the need to build relevant products and services to maintain the company's relevance and existence.

05:02

🤖 AI and the Future of Microsoft's Products

The discussion shifts to Microsoft's aggressive approach in integrating AI features into its products. The speaker talks about the announcement of expanding the rollout of the co-pilot tool, which is partially fueled by a partnership with OpenAI. He reflects on the evolution of computing and the significance of natural language processing and reasoning engines in shaping the future of software categories. The speaker also addresses the partnership with OpenAI, emphasizing the mutual benefits and the importance of maintaining a stable and beneficial commercial partnership.

10:05

🌐 Stability and Partnership in the Tech Industry

The speaker discusses the importance of stability in partnerships, using Microsoft's relationship with OpenAI as an example. He expresses comfort with the current structure of OpenAI and the desire for a stable operating model. The speaker also touches on the hype cycles in Silicon Valley and the integration of GPT into Bing, sharing his thoughts on the potential changes in the search engine landscape and the importance of agents in the next generation of computing.

15:07

🔍 Elections, A.I., and Microsoft's Global Outlook

The conversation moves to the topic of global elections and their significance for Microsoft as an American company. The speaker discusses the importance of supporting the democratic process and tackling the challenges of disinformation and election interference. He also addresses the company's position in China, emphasizing the focus on supporting multinational customers and the importance of attracting global talent while protecting American intellectual property.

20:08

🛡️ Antitrust Scrutiny and Microsoft's Strategic Investments

The speaker talks about the increased antitrust scrutiny that Microsoft faces and its impact on the company's ability to make acquisitions and investments. He argues that partnerships and investments like the one with OpenAI are pro-competitive and necessary for innovation. The speaker also comments on the Activision acquisition and the importance of category-by-category analysis when considering the potential for new entrants and competition in the market.

📱 The Post-Smartphone Era and Microsoft's Role

The speaker ponders the potential end of the smartphone era and what a successor might look like, with a focus on AI-driven interfaces and operating systems. He shares his thoughts on the potential for new hardware opportunities for Microsoft and the company's commitment to a full stack approach, including cloud services. The speaker also briefly touches on Microsoft's sponsorship of a cricket league in the US and his enthusiasm for the sport.

Keywords

💡Microsoft

Microsoft является крупной корпорацией, специализирующейся на разработке, производстве и продаже программного обеспечения, компьютерного оборудования и электроники. В видео упоминается, что Microsoft стала самой ценной публичной компанией в мире, перешагнув Apple в плане рыночной капитализации.

💡рыночная капитализация

Рыночная капитализация - это общая стоимость акций компании, определяемая как произведение количества всех акций на их рыночную цену. В контексте видео, Microsoft достигла важного финансового положения, превзойдя Apple по этой величине.

💡AI (Искусственный интеллект)

Искусственный интеллект (AI) - это область информатики, которая создает системы и алгоритмы, способные выполнять задачи, требующие интеллекта у человека, такие как обработка языка, распознавание образов и машинное обучение. В видео упоминается интеграция AI в продукты Microsoft и сотрудничество с OpenAI.

💡OpenAI

OpenAI - это исследовательская организация и стартап, который работает над разработкой и обучением искусственного интеллекта и машинного обучения. В видео обсуждается партнерство между OpenAI и Microsoft, особенно в контексте разработки и использования интеллектуальных систем.

💡GitHub Copilot

GitHub Copilot - это инструмент, который использует искусственный интеллект для помощи разработчикам в написании кода. В видео он упоминают как пример того, как AI может улучшить производительность и опыт разработки программного обеспечения.

💡Co-Pilot Tool

Co-Pilot Tool относится к инструменту, который Microsoft планирует расширить совместно с OpenAI. Этот инструмент использует AI для улучшения продуктовivity, включая функции в продуктах, таких как Outlook, Word и Excel.

💡Partnership (Партнерство)

Партнерство - это сотрудничество между компаниями или организациями с целью достижения общих целей или преимуществ. В видео упоминается важность партнерства между Microsoft и OpenAI, которое основано на взаимной выгоде и поддержке.

💡Antitrust (Антимонопольное право)

Антимонопольное право - это правовые нормы и меры, направленные на предотвращение монополистического положения и стимулирование свободной конкуренции. В видео обсуждают, какMicrosoft может быть объектом расследования в области антимонопольного права из-за своих инвестиций и потенциальных покупок.

💡Smartphone Era (Эра смартфонов)

Эра смартфонов - это период, когда смартфоны стали доминирующими мобильными устройствами для связи, развлечений и доступа к интернету. В видео спрашивают о возможном завершении эры смартфонов и потенциальных AI-направленных устройствах, которые могут заменить их.

💡Cricket (Крикет)

Крикет - это национальный вид спорта в некоторых странах, особенно в Индии, Пакистане и Англии. В видео упоминается, что Microsoft спонсирует лигу по крикету в США, что демонстрирует интерес компании в разнообразии культур и развлечениях.

💡EU (Европейский Союз)

Европейский Союз (EU) - это политический и экономический союз стран Европы, который имеет существующие законы и регуляции по антимонопольному праву. В контексте видео, ЕС рассматривает инвестиции Microsoft в OpenAI с точки зрения соответствия антимонопольным требованиям.

Highlights

Discussion about potentially moving an event to the Caribbean next year due to the good weather and cricket.

Introduction of a new way for participants to submit questions via a QR code for the event.

Acknowledgment of Microsoft surpassing Apple in market capitalization to become the most valuable public company globally.

Recollection of Steve Jobs' email to Apple employees in 2010 about the importance of continuous innovation.

Emphasis on Microsoft's mission to empower every person and organization, and the company's focus on social purpose.

Comment on the importance of not fixating on stock prices as they are lagging indicators.

Announcement of the expansion of the co-pilot tool, highlighting advancements in AI features within Microsoft products.

Reflection on the significance of the Mosaic browser's release in 1993 and its impact on the perception of the internet.

Explanation of GitHub Copilot's role in bringing joy back to software development and its scaling from GPT-3 to GPT-3.5.

Vision of a future where every human task has a 'co-pilot', facilitated by advancements in natural language processing and reasoning engines.

Discussion on the evolving nature of user interfaces and the shift towards computers understanding humans rather than the other way around.

Insight into the strategic partnership between Microsoft and OpenAI, emphasizing mutual reinforcement and market competitiveness.

Clarification of Microsoft's role in building compute infrastructure for OpenAI and the collaborative nature of their partnership.

Comment on the structural challenges in the technology industry, particularly regarding competition and innovation.

Musing on the future of search engines in light of AI integration and the potential for a more agent-centric approach to online queries.

Concerns about the impact of political changes on Microsoft's operations, especially in relation to China and the US election.

Satya Nadella's perspective on the importance of attracting global talent to contribute to American intellectual property.

Discussion on the scrutiny Microsoft faces regarding its investment in OpenAI and the potential impact on future acquisitions and investments.

Thoughts on the future of the smartphone era and the potential for an AI-driven successor, along with Microsoft's possible role in that space.

Satya Nadella's enthusiasm for cricket and Microsoft's sponsorship of a cricket league in the US, aiming to popularize the sport among Americans.

Transcripts

Thank you for joining us. We talked about maybe moving this event

to the Caribbean next year. You like some cricket and have some good

weather. That sounds great.

If you want to lob a question up here for satire.

Please scan the QR code and you could submit a question.

But I want to start with a question that I know you're just going to love, which

is acknowledging this remarkable moment at the end of last week where the market

capitalization of Microsoft surpassed Apple and Microsoft became the most

valuable public company in the world. And it just reminded me of a moment in

2010 when Apple's market cap exceeded Microsoft's and Steve Jobs sent an email

to employees and and he said stocks go up and down.

But he wanted to recognize an extraordinary moment.

And he said, and remember, Apple is only as good as our next amazing product.

I wanted to know, and I suspect the answer is no, whether you acknowledged

to Microsoft employees this moment and if you had, how you would finish that

sentence. Microsoft is only as good as what

I mean, you got jobs added, right? The I think if I had to sort of pick up,

we are only as good as our ability to execute, prosecute our mission because

in some sense, there's no God given right for companies to even exist

forever. Right?

They have to serve a social purpose. And our mission is to empower every

person and every organization on the planet to achieve more.

And I feel that if we are building products, services that speak to that

mission in the sense it's relevant to people and organizations, that's, I

think, pretty unique about Microsoft. We think about people as first class,

but we think about institutions and organizations.

People build to our class them as also first class.

And as long as we are building things for that, then I think we have a right

to exist. Did you take even a moment personally

here with employees to recognize, you know,

in my whatever, 32 years at Microsoft, we have gone up and down.

And that's why I think the most important thing to focus on is and this

is, after all, a lagging indicator, not a leading indicator.

So the last thing you want to do is to fixate on the stock price, which we know

means nothing in terms of what happens tomorrow, especially in our industry,

which really has no franchise value, quite frankly.

I mean, the problem in some sense is for all of us, whether we can bet it all on

what comes next, which means it's very, very hard.

Right. And speaking of what comes next, you

guys have been fairly aggressive and out in front on adding AI features and

capabilities to your products. And yesterday you made an announcement

where you're expanding the rollout of the co-pilot tool,

fueled partly by your partnership with Openai in the Microsoft products like

Outlook and Word and Excel. Talk a little bit about that and how

widely do you expect those tools to be used?

Yeah, I mean, if I step back, if you sort of look at

what has happened even in the last 16 months, right.

You have to go back to November of 22 when tragedy first came out.

I think that was the moment which I like to describe as the the mosaic like

moment. In fact, interestingly enough, it was

November of 93. A year after I joined Microsoft when

Mosaic first came out. And I think that's the first product

that we all could relate to and get a real sense of what this generation of I

can do in our lives. But for me, maybe the product that

really helped crystallize the potential was GitHub copilot, which probably came

six, eight months before that. And especially when we, you know, we

scaled from GPT 3 to 3 five. That's around the time when we felt that

if we can take something like software development, which is let's call it the

most elite knowledge work there is and have a tool that allows a software

developer in fact bring joy back to software development, keep them in flow,

get them to finish tasks. That to me solidified.

In fact, the idea that you can have a copilot for

pretty much every human task. And so we are been on that journey and

we anchor on to real things. The one thing the breakthrough is the

user interface. In fact, 70 years of computing history

has always been about can you build that most intuitive user experience?

That's kind of it led to graphical interfaces or the, you know, the

multi-touch phone or what have you. But now with natural language, you

ultimately in some sense have arrived at that point where it's not about us

understanding computers, but computers understanding us.

So that's one major breakthrough. The other breakthrough is

we now have a new reasoning engine. Which is a neutral reasoning engine,

because the other 70 year history of computing was how we digitized people,

places and things and try to make sense of it, reason about it.

And so we now have a new capability. So you put these two things together, a

new user interface that's much more intuitive,

you know, grounded in natural language, multimodal multitouch and multi-domain

and the reasoning engine, pretty much every software category.

What is productivity? What is an operating system, what's a

browser? They all in some sense collapse.

And so that's why I do ask copilot, just as maybe in the past we were known as an

office company or a Windows company or a cloud company.

I think going forward we will be we have a co-pilot, we have a co-pilot stack in

Azure, which is all the APIs. And that's sort of what our core focus

is right now. Tell us

let's talk a little bit about the relationship with Open API and how we

should understand it. Copilot is powered by open air.

We saw some instability in the relationship back in November, which

you seem to have now come through. Is is Microsoft outsourcing what you're

describing as a core capability going forward?

Yeah. So I think

if you sort of step back, in fact, it's probably helpful to understand I grew up

in a microsoft which sort of had these massive

partnerships. The first partnership that at least I

joined was around Intel and Microsoft. I don't think Windows would have existed

without Intel, and Intel wouldn't have had the success without Windows.

Subsequently, in fact, it's interesting. I worked on a SQL Server product with

SAP. In fact, I don't think SQL Server

database would have existed without SVP. SAP success.

Often being able to support SQL Server also helped them a lot.

And so in the same way I think of Openai and Microsoft.

So I'm used to constructing. In fact, a lot of people talk about

organic development, which of course is the core People talk about M&A, but sort

of not as much as talked about how much enterprise value gets created by

partnering effectively. So that's the spirit with which I think

about Openai is so there's a whole lot we do.

So when you say outsourcing, who's outsourcing, what to whom is the real

question, right? So we build the compute.

They then use the compute to do the training.

We then take that, put it into products. And so in some sense it's a partnership

that is based on each of us really reinforcing what everyone each other

does and then ultimately being competitive in the marketplace.

There are there's room for I call it horizontal specialization.

There is room for vertical specialization.

Sometimes some business models are in vogue.

I'm a big believer in horizontal specialization, especially if you can

vertically integrate everything. You have to worry about being over

indexed and overreliant on a company. A partner whose ultimate goals and

mission might be different from Microsoft's look.

I mean, you don't go into any partnership.

First of all, there is independence in a partnership.

They are two different companies, answerable to two sets of different

stakeholders with different interests. So therefore you have to then create a

commercial partnership in it that is mutually beneficial.

So that's why I think partnerships where you enter into partnerships where one

side is trying to take advantage of the other is not long term stable.

But if two partners can and that's sort of why I go back to the history of

enterprise value that was created with partnerships that at least I've been

involved in across my career at Microsoft.

So, yes, I think you have to sort of I feel very, very good about the construct

we have. I feel at the same time very capable of

controlling our own destiny. So it's not like that.

We are single threaded even today on Azure and this is not about even open

the I. It's all about reflection of what our

customers want. Every customer who comes to Azure, for

example, in fact our own products is not about one model.

We care deeply about having the best frontier model, which happens to be, for

example, today, good for. But we also have mixed strong as a

model, as a service inside of Azure. We use our llama in places.

We have PI, which is the best solution from Microsoft.

So there is going to be diversity of capability and models that we will have

that we will invest in, but we will partner very, very deeply with opening

on what is the right operating model for a company like Open.

I mean, currently it's a cap for profit company owned by a nonprofit.

A very unorthodox arrangement probably contributed to some of the drama and

instability in November. Have they figured it out yet?

Are you comfortable now that you've got a partner with a stable operating model?

You're talking to Sam later? I am, and I will ask him that as well.

He's for your opinion. He he needs to answer that question.

And his board, obviously, and I'm sure they're working through it.

Look, I. I always say this, which is we invested,

we partnered when they were whatever they were and whatever they are today.

Right. In terms of being a capped profit,

nonprofit, what have you. So I'm comfortable.

I have no issues with any structure. What we just want is good stability.

And and as I said, you don't even need look, I'm not even interested in a board

seat or we don't need we're definitely don't have control.

We have no we just want to have a good commercial partnership and we want to be

investors in the entity in even the way they're structured.

So what I would like is good governance and real stability.

That's it. You have a a board observer non-voting.

We were I was joking backstage. It feels like having somebody at the

back on the back of the bus without a seatbelt.

Yeah. I mean, it

is so it doesn't matter to me, right? I mean, the board seat is not the

critical path at all for us. What is most important, as I said, is we

just want a board that cares about open the eye on the open side, and that's all

we care. I mean, that's all we can ask for.

And we just want stability in the partnership so that we can then continue

to invest in it. That's it.

I'm always a little cautious in these sort of hype cycles in in Silicon Valley

that certain technologies are being kind of overhyped over promised.

You know, so far, for example, with the integration of GPT into Bing, have the

results met your expectations or has it or has it been over?

I don't know if you sort of take the combination of sort of chat app usage

and even being usage or capacity usage. I think at this point you have to ask

yourself your own user habit, right? How many times do you go, for example, I

think the real question here is the largest software business there is is

search, as we know. And the question is, is that stable?

I think like all big things, it'll take time.

But I think at this point, the idea that you go to one of these agents that gets

you to the answer quicker is pretty clear.

It doesn't mean that such as we know for today, I mean, Google obviously is super

strong. They have the defaults on Apple.

They have their own Android. Default Chrome on Windows is the largest

browser share and what have you. So it's a it's a structurally a

fantastic position that they have. But that said, I think such as we know

if it is going to change and the web as we know if it is going to change.

And so we have a real opportunity, whether it's with Bing, but also even

independent of building, for example. That's why I think about copilot is a

real product, right? To me, the the relationship we all will

have with computers is going to be now with an agent

which will be on all your computers. And to me, that I think is going to be

the defining category of this next generation.

I want to change gears and ask you about this year's elections.

I think 70 democratic elections around the world, more than half of people on

Earth will have access to vote in an election.

Donald Trump yesterday won the Iowa caucuses.

I know it's sort of fashionable to say that these are the most important

elections of our lifetime. I'm curious what you think is at stake

for Microsoft, particularly with the US election and for the safe stewardship of

A.I.? Does this feel momentous to you?

I mean, you know, if I step back from me, I

mean, the one thing that to your core question as a multinational company, you

know, the one thing that I'm always grounded on is we are also an American

company. So the state of the United States,

politically, economically, socially and its stature in the world across those

dimensions matters a lot. So I think that because that's your

passport, when we show up anywhere, at the end of the day, we are an American

company. And to the degree to which America has

the relationships, they welcome, that they welcome the companies that are born

in the United States. So that's, I think, the fundamental

thing in that context, obviously, in our democratic process, having that process

be well administered, that people have trust in it, I think is super important.

So we've always been through the years we have done a lot around what does it

mean to support the democratic process, whether it's the support for the

parties, it's the support for the election process itself.

Of course, the thing I it's not like this is the first election where

disinformation or misinformation and election interference is going to be a

real challenge that we all have to tackle.

We as a company have to do our best work right, whether in the.

Context. Me, I we have lots of initiatives around

content IDs and other things that will then help us, you know, at least vouch

for the veracity of any content out there.

And that's, I think, the work that we need to do.

But ultimately in the democratic process, essentially ensuring the

integrity of elections is one of the fundamental challenges we have to face

up to whichever administration takes over.

They will probably make it more difficult for Microsoft to do business

in China. How how are you thinking about the

technology you develop in China and how long do you think you'll be able to

employ engineers working on technologies like A.I.

in China? So a couple of things.

I mean, China is not a large business for Microsoft.

In fact, we if you sort of look at a of panel, even I think this is one of those

things that is probably not as well understood is it's fundamentally we do

business in China in order to support other multinationals going into China.

So this is the German automakers or American automakers or, you know, CPG

firms or what have you around the world who depend on having commonality of

infrastructure between the rest of the world and China depend on Microsoft.

And that's why in some sense, we have to be in China in order to support our

customers. And the same is true of Chinese

multinationals going outside of China as well.

And so that's really our business. So there is not a domestic business that

we have that to speak of in terms of human capital.

And the way I look at it and say is the greatness of the United States has been

all about being able to attract the best talent.

We definitely want people to come to the United States.

We want them to work in the United States, but we also want to tap into

human capital around the world to be able to contribute to what is

essentially American intellectual property at the end of the day.

Right now, when I look at some of the machine learning papers and so on,

there's as much being written in Mandarin as it is written in English.

And so to the degree to which we believe that somehow knowledge creation doesn't

have boundaries and in fact, the worst mistake we could be making is to somehow

shut ourselves up. I mean, the lesson of history, at least

as I read it, is that the worst mistake any civilization, any society can make

is to somehow shut yourself off from knowledge that's being created

elsewhere. So to us, if that are great, there's

great talent in China that wants to work at Microsoft contributing to essentially

on American companies intellectual property, we welcome it.

We at the same time, we are very clear about sort of, hey, this is our

intellectual property. We are definitely not going to have any

collaborations that are not in alignment with my aim in the United States's

national interest. Okay.

I want to go back to Microsoft's investment in Open A.I., which is being

scrutinized now by the EU and others. It feels to me like to the extent that

there was a holiday for Microsoft in terms of antitrust scrutiny, the holiday

has ended. But do you feel like Microsoft going

forward will now be more limited in not only the kind of acquisitions it can do,

but now the kinds of investments that it can make?

Look, I mean, I think it's inevitable that, you know, regulators everywhere,

antitrust folks are going to look at, you know, whatever a company of our size

and scale does. And so that's why I think in this

context, I all I say is if we want competition, it I against, you know,

some of the players who are completely vertically integrated.

I think partnerships is one avenue of, in fact having competition.

So I'm sure the regulators will look at it and say, is this a pro-competition

partnership or not? And to me, I think it's a no brainer.

I mean, if you don't even like to think about this, right, if Microsoft had not

taken the highly risky bet, I mean, this is not all conventional wisdom, but when

we made those investments in B, when we backed even open A, I went

all in on a particular form of compute that led to all of these breakthroughs.

You know, it would have not been fun. We wouldn't have had what we have.

And more importantly, you know, the incumbents would have been the winners,

right? It took 21 months for Microsoft's

acquisition of Activision to be approved.

And then almost I think it was a couple of weeks later, Adobe's attempted

acquisition of Figma was, was or was going to be rejected.

They walked away from it. Is the era of big deals over.

I think this is where perhaps looking at

I've been I talked to any antitrust folks.

I always ask them, have they talked to venture capitalists?

Because I feel the best way to make sense is not by

size or any one company and things. What is a big deal?

What is a small deal? There is conventional.

There are no fly zones. At every week you meet will tell you

where the no fly zones. All you gotta do is track because at the

end of the day, you want new entrants, right?

That's the core of making sure you have vibrant competition is that there is

room for new entry and new innovation, and that's where venture money is

focused on. And so by category you look at that,

you'll take productivity, right? Sort of a place where we have some great

success in the past. But think about the number of new

companies that have been born even in the last ten, 15 years.

Right. Zoom Slack notion.

I mean, you wake up and there's a big company.

Why is that? That is because there's a real

opportunity for new entrants. Then you say, okay, how many new search

engines have been born? None.

And so to some degree, that I think is the analysis.

The unit of analysis is as simple as looking at where is venture money going

in which categories and gave me that was up to, you know, you know, we beat out

gaming. We love gaming.

In fact, Flight Simulator was created before even windows, but we were number

three, Number four. And with now Activision, I think we have

a chance of being a good publisher, quite frankly, on Sony and Nintendo and

PCs and Xbox. And so we are we are excited about that

acquisition closing. I'm glad we got it through, but I think

each category by category is the view. I want to quickly ask an audience

question and perhaps US audience member went to CBS where there were a lot of I,

of course was a theme and there were a lot of AI powered gadgets that were

displayed. Do you feel like we're coming to the end

of the smartphone era? And what is an AI successor to the

smartphone look like, and does Microsoft eventually play in that category?

Yeah, I mean, I think about CBS this year was very interesting.

Obviously, I thought the the the demo of the rabbit OS and the device was

fantastic. I think I must say after Jobs

sort of launch of iPhone, probably one of the most impressive presentations

I've seen of capturing the the vision of what is possible going forward for what

is an agent centric operating system and interface.

And I think that's what everybody's going seeking

what device will make it and so on. It's unclear, but I think it's very

clear that computing I go back to that droid, if you have a breakthrough in

natural interface where this idea that you have to go one app at a time and all

of the cognitive load is with you as a human does seem like that can be a real

breakthrough. Because, you know, in the past when we

had the first generation, whether it was Cortana or Alexa or Siri or what have

you, it was just not it was too brittle where we didn't have these transformers,

these large language models, whereas now we have, I think, the tech to go and

come up with a new app model. And once you have a new interface and a

new app model, I think new hardware is also possible.

And is that an opportunity for Microsoft or are you moving away from hardware?

I mean, look, I mean, if always it's an opportunity for us.

And so, I mean, we make hardware today, we have surface devices, we make mixed

reality devices. The biggest hardware business we happen

to have is our cloud. We stream from the cloud.

So therefore, I think you'll see us exercise the full stack of it.

Last question, since we're out of time on a topic that I know is near and dear

to your heart, which is cricket, you're sponsoring a league here in the

US. How do you convince Americans who can

barely get through a soccer game to fall in love with cricket?

Well, I mean, you look, you know, there's room in the United States for

all kinds of things. But quite honestly, I mean, to us,

in fact, the interesting since you brought up cricket actually did the next

World Cup of T20is in the United States and looking forward to India and

Pakistan. There's an India-Pakistan game in New

York. Will you be going?

I hope so. If I can get tickets, that is, I think

you can probably swing a ticket. But if you look, it's you know, it's

it's a it's a sport that obviously for our South Asians, it's a big deal.

It's a religion for us. And so we're obsessed about it.

And I love the sport and I'm glad that it's not being played even in the United

States. In fact, originally the first test

match, I think was in US Canada. But after the American Revolution, I

think the one I think the US won and but for the US we rejected cricket as a

British sport after the American Revolution, but we can bring it back.

Satya, thank you very much. Thank you so much.