Go in 100 Seconds
Summary
TLDRGo, often referred to as a modern 'C for the 21st century,' is a statically typed, compiled language known for its simplicity, efficiency, and fast compile times. Created by Google in 2007 with contributions from computing legends like Ken Thompson, Go was released as open source in 2012. It excels in building high-performance server-side applications, with notable projects like Docker and CockroachDB under its belt. The language offers type inference for concise syntax, a robust package system for easy code reuse, and features like goroutines for effective concurrency. This brief overview highlights Go's essentials, from installation and basic syntax to its powerful standard library, encouraging viewers to dive into Go programming for their next project.
Takeaways
- 😀 Go is a statically typed, compiled language created at Google in 2007 by legendary programmers like Ken Thompson
- 👉 Described as 'C for the 21st century', it is optimized for performance, simplicity and efficiency
- 🏎 It compiles to machine code so it is very fast in execution compared to interpreted languages
- ⏱ But it is also famous for extremely fast compile times using advanced dependency analysis
- 🌐 Has inbuilt support for key things like math, networking, I/O channels needed for server-side apps
- 📦 Heavily used by infra companies to build tools like Docker, CockroachDB, Dgraph etc
- 🔢 Strongly typed but uses type inference to enable concise, practical syntax
- 📦 Easy dependency & package management enables code reusability across projects
- 🏃♂️ Supports concurrent execution using lightweight threads called goroutines
- 👍 Concise syntax like C++ but with memory safety and no pointer arithmetic
Q & A
What is Go and why is it compared to C?
-Go is a statically typed, compiled programming language often described as 'C for the 21st century'. It's compared to C due to its efficiency and simplicity but with modern features like garbage collection, dynamic typing, safety, and concurrency.
Who created Go and when?
-Go was created at Google in 2007 by developers including Ken Thompson, known for inventing the B and C programming languages. The first stable version, 1.0, was released as open source software in 2012.
What are some notable tools built with Go?
-Notable tools built with Go include Docker, CockroachDB, and Dgraph, which are widely used in server-side applications for their high performance.
Why is Go considered to have fast compile times?
-Go has extremely fast compile times due to innovations in dependency analysis, which streamline the compilation process compared to other languages.
How does Go handle type inference?
-Although Go is statically typed, it performs type inference to allow for concise and practical syntax, reducing the verbosity typically associated with statically typed languages.
What is a Go module and its purpose?
-A Go module is a collection of packages that are tracked together, enabling easy management of dependencies. It simplifies importing and exporting code between projects.
How does one start a new Go project?
-To start a new Go project, install Go, create an empty directory, add a .go file with 'package main' at the top, declare a main function, and then use 'go build' to compile the executable.
What is the significance of the 'fmt' package in Go?
-The 'fmt' package in Go is part of the standard library and is used for formatted I/O, such as printing lines to the standard output, making it essential for basic input and output operations.
How does Go enhance safety compared to C or C++?
-Go enhances safety by disallowing pointer arithmetic, which is often a source of dangerous and unpredictable behavior in C or C++. This makes Go programs more secure and less prone to errors.
What are goroutines and how do they support concurrency?
-Goroutines are functions that can run concurrently with other functions. They are lightweight and managed by the Go runtime, allowing efficient use of multiple CPU threads for parallelism.
Outlines
🚀 Introduction to Go Programming
This paragraph introduces Go, a statically typed, compiled language often referred to as 'C for the 21st century' due to its popularity in building high-performance server-side applications. Notable projects like Docker, CockroachDB, and Dgraph were developed with Go, which was created at Google in 2007 by pioneers including Ken Thompson. Released as open-source in 2012, Go emphasizes simplicity and efficiency, leading to fast compile times and performance advantages over interpreted languages. The language supports type inference for concise syntax, and includes a robust package and module system for easy code import/export. Beginners can start with Go by installing the language, creating a .go file, and using the go build command to compile executable binaries. Go's syntax is streamlined compared to C/C++, with features like variable declaration, arrays, maps, loops, control flow, and pointers without arithmetic. It also offers concurrency through goroutines, enabling parallel function execution.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Statically Typed
💡Compiled Language
💡Concurrency
💡Ken Thompson
💡Package and Module System
💡Type Inference
💡Go Routines
💡Memory Safety
💡Go Build Command
💡Open Source
Highlights
Go is a statically typed, compiled language, often described as 'C for the 21st century'.
Popular for high-performance server-side applications, Go powers tools like Docker, CockroachDB, and Dgraph.
Created at Google in 2007 by industry legends including Ken Thompson.
Version 1.0 was released as open-source software in 2012.
Designed for simplicity and efficiency, leading to its name 'Go'.
Compiles down to machine code, typically outperforming interpreted languages.
Famous for extremely fast compile times due to dependency analysis innovations.
Performs type inference for concise and practical syntax.
Features a package and module system for easy code import and export.
Getting started with Go involves creating a '.go' file and writing a simple program.
Supports a standard library of core packages for common requirements.
Syntax is a concise version of C/C++, with variable declaration and type inference.
Supports arrays, maps, loops, and control flow like other programming languages.
Allows storing the memory address of a value using pointers, but disallows pointer arithmetic.
Supports concurrency with goroutines, enabling functions to run simultaneously on multiple CPU threads.
Transcripts
go a statically typed compiled language
often described as c for the 21st
century it's a popular choice for
high-performance server-side
applications and is the language that
built tools like docker cockroachdb and
d-graph it was created at google in 2007
by legends who really know their stuff
like ken thompson the inventor of the b
and c programming languages version 1.0
was released as open source software in
2012. it was designed for simplicity and
efficiency and that's why we call it go
and not go lang the source code is
compiled down to machine code which
means it generally outperforms
interpreted languages but it's famous
for its extremely fast compile times
made possible by innovations to
dependency analysis and even though it's
a statically typed language it performs
type inference to deliver a syntax that
is very concise and practical it also
has a package and module system making
it easy to import and export code
between projects to get started install
go and then open an empty directory on
your system create a file ending in go
then add package main at the top to
create a standalone executable then
declare a main function which is where
your program will start executing go has
a standard library of core packages to
handle common requirements like math
networking or formatted io by importing
fmt we can print a line to the standard
output then run the go build command and
it quickly compiles the source code and
dependencies into an executable binary
when it comes to dependencies we can
also link to remote packages on github
run go mod init from the command line
and that creates a go module file that
enables dependency tracking
syntactically go is like a concise
version of c or c plus plus declare a
variable with the var keyword followed
by its name and type and initialize it
with a value or you might use the short
assignment syntax to replace var and let
go automatically infer the type and you
can define multiple variables from a
single line go has all the other
features you would expect in a
programming language like arrays maps
loops and control flow but also allows
you to store the memory address of a
value using pointers while disallowing
pointer arithmetic which often leads to
dangerous and unpredictable behavior in
addition it supports concurrency with go
routines which are functions that can
run at the same time as other functions
by utilizing multiple threads on a cpu
this has been go in 100 seconds hit the
like button if you want to see more
short videos like this and check out the
full article to write your first 100
lines of go on fireship io thanks for
watching and i will see you in the next
one
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