Pola Keruangan Desa
Summary
TLDRThe video script delves into the concept of rural-urban interaction, defining 'village' according to Indonesian law and various regional terms. It highlights the characteristics of villages, dominated by agriculture, and their potential, both physical like land and climate, and non-physical like social institutions. The script outlines the typology of villages, from self-sufficient to advanced, influenced by external factors and village potentials. It also discusses the impact of village location on development and the five patterns of village layout, ranging from linear to clustered, reflecting geographical and social factors.
Takeaways
- 🏞️ The script discusses the concept of a village according to Indonesian law, defining it as an administrative unity located outside of cities, predominantly engaged in agriculture.
- 🌾 Villages in Indonesia can have various names depending on the region, such as 'gampong' in Aceh, 'buta' in Tapanuli, 'nagari' in West Sumatra, 'banjar' in Bali, and 'wanders' in South Sulawesi.
- 🏡 Key characteristics of rural areas include a dominance of the agricultural sector, a large land-to-population ratio, strong community ties, and enduring traditions.
- 🌱 The potential of a village is categorized into physical (like land, water, climate, flora, and fauna) and non-physical (like the community, social institutions, and village officials).
- 📈 The development of a village is influenced by its potential, both physical and non-physical, and the frequency of interaction with cities.
- 🔄 The location of a village, whether it's on fertile land or not, and its proximity to urban areas, can significantly impact its progress.
- 🏘️ The script outlines three levels of village development: Swadaya (self-reliant but traditional), Swakarya (more developed with external influences), and Swasembada (advanced with minimal traditional influence).
- 🏫 In the Swadaya level, villages are characterized by a lack of good education systems, clear governance, and basic infrastructure like electricity.
- 🛠️ At the Swakarya level, there is a transition with the beginning of diversification in occupations, improvements in education, and the establishment of basic rules and regulations.
- 🚀 The Swasembada level represents the most advanced stage, where villages are less dependent on agriculture, have high education and skill levels, and complete infrastructure including healthcare and trade facilities.
- 🌐 The role of villages in relation to cities includes being providers of food, raw materials, productive labor, and partners in regional development, as well as potential supporting areas for urban needs.
Q & A
What is the definition of a village according to Indonesian Law No. 6 of 2014?
-According to Indonesian Law No. 6 of 2014, a village is defined as an administrative community located outside of a city.
What are the various local terms for 'village' in different regions of Indonesia?
-In different regions of Indonesia, a village can be referred to by various terms such as 'gampong' in Aceh, 'buta' in Tapanuli, 'nagari' in West Sumatra, 'banjar' in Bali, and 'wanders' in South Sulawesi.
What are the main characteristics of a rural area?
-The main characteristics of a rural area include a predominance of agricultural activities as the main livelihood of the residents, a large land-to-population ratio, strong community relationships, and the persistence of traditions.
What are the three elements that make up a village according to the script?
-The three elements that make up a village are the area, the population, and the customs or behavior patterns of the community.
What are the physical and non-physical potentials of a village?
-The physical potentials of a village include land, water, climate, flora, and fauna. The non-physical potentials consist of the village community, social institutions, and the village administration or 'pamong desa'.
What is the concept of 'interaksi desa-kota' and how does it influence village development?
-The concept of 'interaksi desa-kota' refers to the interaction between villages and cities. The frequency and nature of this interaction can significantly influence the development of a village, including its progress and advancement.
What are the different types of village development stages mentioned in the script?
-The script mentions several stages of village development, including 'desa swadaya' (self-reliant villages), 'desa swakarya' (villages with external influence), and 'desa swasembada' (self-sufficient villages).
What is the role of a village in relation to a city?
-A village can serve as a provider of food staples, a reservoir of raw materials and productive labor force, a partner in urban regional development, and a supporting area or supplier of urban society's needs.
What are the five patterns of village layout mentioned in the script?
-The five patterns of village layout mentioned are linear, centralized, clustered, scattered, and radial.
How does the script describe the transition from 'desa swadaya' to 'desa swakarya'?
-The transition from 'desa swadaya' to 'desa swakarya' is marked by the influence of external factors, diversification of livelihoods beyond agriculture, and the beginning of improvements in infrastructure such as the introduction of electricity and better education systems.
What are the key features of a 'desa swasembada'?
-A 'desa swasembada' is characterized by advanced development, minimal influence of traditional customs, high levels of education and skills, a majority of jobs in services and trade, and complete infrastructure including healthcare, education, and market facilities.
Outlines
🏡 Understanding Rural Communities and Their Characteristics
This paragraph introduces the concept of a village according to Indonesian law, highlighting its administrative nature outside of urban areas. It discusses the diversity of rural livelihoods, predominantly agricultural, and the various local terms used in different regions of Indonesia to refer to a village. The paragraph also covers the unique features and potential of villages, including physical resources like land and water, as well as non-physical aspects such as social institutions and governance. It explains the three elements that define a village: the area, the population, and their customs. The potential of villages is categorized into physical, such as natural resources, and non-physical, such as social structures. The interaction between villages and cities and the location of villages in relation to urban areas are also mentioned as factors influencing rural development.
📈 Stages of Rural Development and Village Typology
The second paragraph delves into the stages of rural development, starting with self-sufficient villages that are largely traditional and agriculture-dependent, moving through stages of increased external influence and diversification of occupations, to villages that are self-reliant with advanced education and skills, less reliant on agriculture, and with comprehensive infrastructure. It outlines the transition from villages with basic social institutions to those with established rules and higher levels of education and services. The paragraph also introduces the concept of village typology, describing five patterns of village layout based on geographical and social factors, such as linear villages along coastlines or roads, centralized villages around public facilities, grouped villages in fertile plains or for safety in mountainous areas, circular villages around significant natural features, and scattered villages in search of resources in mountainous regions. The paragraph concludes with a mention of future discussions on urban layout patterns.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Rural-Urban Interaction
💡Village Definition
💡Agricultural Dominance
💡Village Typology
💡Potential
💡Geographic Location
💡Tradition
💡Village Structure
💡Development Stages
💡Self-Sufficiency
💡Land Utilization
Highlights
Introduction to Chapter 2 on the interaction between rural and urban areas.
Definition of a village according to Indonesian law No. 6 of 2014.
Villages as administrative units located outside of cities with diverse livelihoods and terminologies across Indonesia.
Characteristics of villages include a predominance of agricultural sector, large land-to-population ratio, strong community ties, and enduring traditions.
Villages possess three elements: area, population, and customary practices.
Villages' potential includes both physical attributes like land and climate, and non-physical attributes such as community and social institutions.
Typology of villages based on their development and progress influenced by their potential.
Interaction frequency between villages and cities and its impact on village development.
Location of villages and its influence on development, whether it's fertile, remote, or close to urban areas.
Categorization of villages into self-reliant, self-sufficient, and advanced based on their societal and economic characteristics.
Keywords indicating the state of villages, such as 'belum' (not yet) for underdeveloped villages and 'mulai' (beginning) for transitioning villages.
The role of villages as providers of food, raw materials, labor, and as partners in urban development.
Village spatial structure patterns including linear, centralized, clustered, radial, and scattered.
Explanation of different village patterns based on geographical and social factors.
The importance of village spatial structure in planning and development.
Upcoming discussion on urban spatial patterns in the next meeting.
Closing remarks and acknowledgment of the presentation's content and structure.
Transcripts
hai kali ini kita masuk ke bab 2 yaitu
interaksi keruangan desa dan kota yang
pertama pengertian desa disini terdapat
pengertian desa menurut undang-undang
nomor 6 tahun 2014 bab 1 pasal 1 dan
menurut bintarto bisa dapat diartikan
sebagai suatu bentuk kesatuan
administratif yang terletak di luar kota
pada umumnya penduduk desa bermata
pencaharian sebagai petani desa memiliki
istilah yang mereka ragam di indonesia
diantaranya di aceh disebut sebagai
gampong di tapanuli disebut buta di
sumatera barat disebut nagari di bali
disebut banjar dan di sulawesi selatan
disebut wanders bisa memiliki
karakteristik tersendiri
hai seperti ciri unsur potensi tipologi
dan struktur keruangan salah satu ciri
khas wilayah pedesaan adalah didominasi
oleh sektor pertanian ciri-ciri desa
yang pertama mata pencarian penduduk
didominasi di sektor agraris atau sektor
pertanian yang kedua perbandingan lahan
dengan jumlah penduduk yang besar yang
ketiga hubungan antara warga karena
ditangkap dan yang keempat tradisi masih
kuat surga desa-desa memiliki tiga unsur
yaitu daerah penduduk dan tata kelakuan
yang pertama adalah daerah terdapat
lahan produktif dan tidak produktif
beserta pemanfaatannya termasuk juga
lokasi luas dan batas yang merupakan
lingkungan geografis tempat duduk
meliputi jumlah pertumbuhan kepadatan
persebaran dan mata pencaharian penduduk
desa
hai jenazah taqwa lupa pola pergaulan
masyarakat adat istiadat ikatan
kekeluargaan dan juga menyangkut seluk
beluk kehidupan masyarakat modern ada
potensi desa potensi desa ada potensi
fisik dan non fisik potensi fisik
terdiri dari tanah air iklim flora dan
fauna kemudian potensi non fisik terdiri
dari masyarakat desa lembaga-lembaga
sosial dan aparatur atau pamong desa
hai kemudian tipologi desa tipologi desa
merupakan fakta karakteristik dan
kondisi nyata atau yang perlu
digarisbawahi adalah perubahan atau
perkembangan dan kemajuan desa gadis
cara sederhana tipologi adalah
perkembangan dan kemajuan desa dan
kemajuan desa saya dipengaruhi oleh
potensi desa seperti yang tadi ada
potensi fisik dan non fisik kemudian
interaksi desa-kota jadi seberapa sering
desa dan kota berinteraksi sembah sering
mereka melakukan hubungan timbal-balik
itu juga dapat mempengaruhi kemajuan
suatu desa dan yang terakhir adalah
lokasi desa apakah lokasinya di tanah
yang subur atau titah yang gersang atau
lokasinya jauh dari perkotaan atau dekat
itu juga bisa mempengaruhi dari kemajuan
suatu desa berdasarkan tingkat
pembangunan dan kemampuan mengembangkan
potensi-potensi yang dimiliki bisa
dibedakan menjadi
hai ditambah daya swakarya dan
swasembada bisa swadaya yaitu desain
memiliki ciri-ciri masyarakatnya masih
terikat pada tradisi dan memiliki
lembaga sosial sederhana jadi pada desa
swadaya ini bisa dikategorikan sebagai
desa yang tertinggal misalnya nah di
sini ada kata kunci yaitu kata belum
karena dia merupakan desa tertinggal
jadi ada kata kunci nama ada kata belum
seperti sistem pendidikan belum baik
belum ada sistem pemerintahan yang jelas
listrik belum masuk desa menjadi kata
kuncinya adalah kata belum biasanya itu
merupakan ciri dari desa swadaya atau
saya yang tertinggal swakarya bisa
swakarya lebih berkembang daripada desa
swadaya sudah ada pengaruh dari luar
desa dan ada diversifikasi mata
pencarian maksudnya mata pencariannya
iyanya petani tapi sudah mulai adab
macam-macam mata pencaharian seperti
karyawan dan bekerja di toko-toko atau
kunci dari desa ini biasanya menunjukkan
ciri-cirinya adanya kata mulai dan
transisi misalnya listrik mulai masuk
desa kalau diterapkan di desa swadaya
gantikan listrik belum masuk desa
kemudian dengan sistem pendidikan
mengalami transisi menjadi lebih baik
jadi ada peningkatan sistem pendidikan
kemudian mulai adanya aturan baku di
desa yang sebelumnya di desa swadaya
tidak ada hukum atau aturan tertulis di
desa swakarya sudah mulai ada aturan
baku juga atau yang paling akhir dari
tingkat perkembangan desa itu adalah
desa swasembada atau bisa dikategorikan
sebagai sayang sudah maju jadi sangat
sedikit pengaruhnya pengaruh adat
istiadat dari desa tersebut terhadap
hai kegiatan yang ada di masyarakat jadi
atlet adat-istiadat sudah tidak terlalu
berpengaruh nah disini desanya sudah
maju otomatis semua yang ada di sini
biasanya lebih baik daripada bisa shade
dan swakarya misalnya tingkat pendidikan
dan keterampilan sudah tinggi mata
pencaharian sebagian besar pada jasa dan
perdagangan jadi sudah tidak bergantung
pada sektor agraris atau pertanian
kemudian sarana dan prasarana sudah
lengkap sudah ada rumah sakit sudah
repot kesmas dada sekolah saudara pasar
jadi sarana prasarana sudah mumpuni
mencukupi itu tahap perkembangan desa
grantung sih desa-desa yang pertama
sebagai penyedia bahan makanan pokok
kemudian yang kedua sebagai lumbung
bahan mentah dan tenaga kerja yang
produktif bisa juga dimanfaatkan oleh
kota dan yang ketiga sebagai mitra
pembangunan wilayah kota dan yang
keempat bisa merupakan interland dari
kota interland
adalah daerah penyokong atau penyuplai
kebutuhan masyarakat kota misalnya
universe kanan struktur keruangan desa
struktur keruangan desa merupakan
penyusunan keruangan desa yang berkaitan
dengan penggunaan lahan di desa tersebut
atau bahasa sederhananya bisa
dikategorikan pola desa ada lima pola
desa ada memanjang memusat melingkar
atau radial menyebar dan mengelompok
yang pertama desa berbentuk memanjang
bisa ditemukan di daerah pesisir pantai
jalan raya rel kereta api dan di
sepanjang sungai pemukiman pasti akan
berbentuk memanjang seperti gambar diri
bawah desa yang terpusat biasanya
terletak di daerah yang terdapat
fasilitas publiknya misalnya di suatu
lokasi tersebut terdapat sekolah nanti
dititip di sekitar
yang pasti akan ada bisa yang tumbuh
atau berkembang bisa itu sekolah
puskesmas rumah sakit atau kantor desa
yang menjadi pusat suatu desa kelompok
untuk mengelompokkan ini biasanya
terdapat di dataran rendah dan juga di
daerah pegunungan kenapa mereka
mengelompok di dataran rendah karena
tidak terendam penduduk pasti akan
mencari lahan yang subur dan rekan
mengelompok di lahan yang subur tersebut
untuk melakukan aktivitas pertanian
sedangkan di daerah pegunungan mereka
mengelompok untuk mendapatkan rasa aman
karena di pegunungan masih jarang
penduduk sehingga rasa aman sulit
didapatkan ke-empat yaitu bentuk bessara
dia bentuk ini melingkar jadi mengitari
suatu objek objek itu bisa berupa gunung
api danau waduk dan lain sebagainya jadi
dia mengitari disekitar objek tersebut
bentuk desa yang menyebar ke
abdi pada pegunungan khas jadi penduduk
atau suatu desa akan menyebar di suatu
titik di suatu titik lain kenapa di
pegunungan kars karena di pegunungan
khas disana sulit ada mata air jadi
penduduk menyebar mencari mata air
sebagai sumber kehidupan mereka
penjelasan atau pemaparan mengenai pola
keruangan desa dan untuk pertemuan
minggu depan kita akan membahas mengenai
pola keruangan kota sekian dan terima
kasih glory geographic
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