54 Aula Teórica Oralismo, Comunicação Total e Bilinguismo

Summary

This video introduces viewers to the history of deaf education, focusing on three key periods: Oralism, Total Communication, and Bilingualism. It begins with personal introductions in sign language, emphasizing individual communication preferences. The Oralism period, lasting a century from 1880, strictly forbade sign language and enforced oral speech, causing significant hardship. Total Communication mixed speech and gestures, creating confusion and difficulty in learning. Finally, the Bilingualism period embraces sign language fully in education, using Portuguese only for reading and writing, fostering natural learning and respect for deaf culture. The video concludes with interactive questions reinforcing understanding of these historical shifts.

Takeaways

• 😀 The video introduces individuals using sign language, highlighting that some are deaf and some are hearing, and that sign language can be used with either hand.
• 😀 Marcela explains that she is left-handed and uses her left hand to sign, but people can sign with whichever hand they prefer.
• 😀 The lesson covers three historical periods in deaf education: Oralism, Total Communication, and Bilingualism.
• 😀 Oralism began in 1880 and lasted for about 100 years, during which sign language was prohibited and deaf students were forced to speak and read lips, causing great suffering.
• 😀 Total Communication combined oral speech and sign language, requiring students to use both simultaneously, which often led to confusion and difficulty in understanding.
• 😀 In Total Communication, students wore headphones while teachers spoke loudly through microphones, and the use of Portuguese mixed with gestures was common.
• 😀 Bilingualism focuses on teaching deaf students primarily in sign language while using Portuguese only for reading and writing, respecting their natural language.
• 😀 Bilingual education eliminates mandatory oral speech and auditory stimuli, allowing deaf students to learn subjects like math, science, and language in a fully accessible way.
• 😀 The video includes examples of classroom interactions, showing how difficult communication was during Oralism and Total Communication periods compared to Bilingualism.
• 😀 A short quiz at the end reinforces understanding of the three periods, highlighting that Oralism banned sign language, Total Communication mixed speech and signs, and Bilingualism uses sign language freely with Portuguese only for literacy.

Q & A

Who introduces themselves at the beginning of the video and what is unique about them?

Marcela introduces herself. She is deaf and left-handed, and she explains that she signs with her left hand, although others can sign with either hand.

What are the three historical periods of deaf education discussed in the video?

The three periods are: the Oralism period, the Total Communication period, and the Bilingualism period.

What was the main characteristic of the Oralism period?

During Oralism, which began in 1880 and lasted about 100 years, deaf students were forbidden from using sign language and were forced to speak and lip-read, causing significant suffering.

How did teachers enforce oralism in schools?

Teachers required students to speak orally, used auditory stimulation devices, and forced students to read lips, creating a very strict and harsh learning environment.

What defines the Total Communication period?

Total Communication combined oral speech with signs and gestures. Students wore headphones while teachers spoke loudly into microphones, mixing spoken Portuguese and signs, which often caused confusion.

Why was communication difficult during the Total Communication period?

Because it involved a mixture of spoken language and signs without proper grammatical structure, making it confusing for students to understand.

What is the Bilingualism period and how does it differ from previous periods?

Bilingualism uses sign language (Libras) for teaching all subjects, while written Portuguese is used only for reading and writing. Oral speech and auditory stimulation are no longer mandatory, allowing deaf students to learn naturally in their language.

How are students taught subjects like mathematics and science in the Bilingualism period?

Students learn all subjects entirely in sign language, which is their natural language, ensuring full comprehension while Portuguese is used for reading and writing purposes only.

What method of communication does the video emphasize as ideal for modern deaf education?

The video emphasizes bilingual education with Libras for teaching and Portuguese for reading and writing as the ideal modern method.

Give an example from the video of a vocabulary activity used during the lesson.

The teacher works with the word 'vaca' (cow) to teach vocabulary, showing the challenge of differentiating it from similar sounding words, which demonstrates practical language learning in sign language.